• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2018

As the artificial intelligence (AI) plays a crucial role in machine translation (MT) which has loomed large as a new translation paradigm, concerns have also arisen if MT can produce a quality product as human translation (HT) can. In fact, several MT experimental studies report cases in which the MT product called post-editing (PE) as equally as HT or often superior ([1],[2],[6]). As motivated from those studies on translation quality between HT and PE, this study set up an experimental situation in which Korean literature was translated into English, comparatively, by 3 translators and 3 post-editors. Afterwards, a group of 3 other Koreans checked for accuracy of HT and PE; a group of 3 English native speakers scored for fluency of HT and PE. The findings are (1) HT took the translation time, at least, twice longer than PE. (2) Both HT and PE produced similar error types, and Mistranslation and Omission were the major errors for accuracy and Grammar for fluency. (3) HT turned to be inferior to PE for both accuracy and fluency.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.47-58
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• 2018

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 경도 치매 노인의 주의 집중력과 기억력 향상을 위한 아이패드 어플리케이션 중재법의 효과를 알아보기 위함이며, 중재법의 효과를 통하여 임상현장의 작업치료사에게 근거를 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 경도 치매 노인 한 명을 대상으로 단일대상연구 중 ABA 설계로 연구를 진행하였다. 총 20회기를 기초선 A 5회기, 중재기 B 10회기, 기초선 A' 5회기로 나누어서 각 회기별 30분씩 진행되었다. 중재기 때는 'Memorado-움직이는 공, '와 'Circles'라는 두 어플리케이션으로 주의 집중력 및 기억력 훈련을 실시하였고, 매 회기마다 Fit Brains의 '짝 맞추기, '와 '틀린 그림 찾기'로 주의 집중력과 기억력 수준의 변화를 평가하였다. 또한 사전 및 사후 평가로 한국판 노인형 기호잇기검사, 숫자외우기 검사, 한국판 간이 정신상태 검사를 실시하였다. 결과 : Fit Brains '짝 맞추기'와 '틀린 그림 찾기'를 매 회기 시행해본 결과 중재기부터 주의 집중력과 기억력이 향상되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 사전 및 사후 평가로 실시된 한국판 노인형 기호잇기검사는 전, 후 대비 A형의 경우 정답 수 3점 증가, 오류 수 3점 감소, B형의 경우 정답 수 7점 증가, 오류 수 2점 감소를 보여 점수변화를 나타냈으나, 숫자외우기 검사와 한국판 간이 정신상태 검사에서는 점수 변화가 미미하였다. 결론 : 본 연구는 아이패드 어플리케이션 중재방법을 통해 경도 치매 노인의 집중력과 기억력의 향상을 확인하였고, 추후 연구에서는 다양한 어플리케이션과 더 많은 표본을 대상으로 장기간 진행될 필요가 있을 것이다.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1989

최근까지만해도 유한요소 모델의 그래픽 후처리는 주로 대형컴퓨터와 이에 수반되는 고가의 도화장비에 의존할 수 밖에 없었다. 그러나 우수한 그래픽 기능을 갖춘 저렴한 소형컴퓨터의 등장에 힘입어 대단히 경제적인 후처리 그래픽 프로그램인 MICRO-POST가 개발되었다. 이 프로그램을 이용하여 무제한 요소망으로 이루어진 대형 유한요소 모델의 기하형태나 해석결과를 각종 저가의 도화장비에 호환하여 도화처리할 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문에는 도화장비의 호환을 위한 프로그램 절차와 프로그램의 구성 및 그 기능들을 기술하였다. 또한 소형컴퓨터의 메모리 용량 극복을 위한 효율적인 I/O 기법과 도화처리를 교호 작용하면서 관리할 수 있는 대화형식의 입력방식도 기술하였다. 범용 유한요소해석 프로그램에 접속시킨 이용사례를 통하여 프로그램의 효율성을 입증하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2019

Chaenomeles speciose Nakai (CSP) or Chaenomeles sinensis Koehne (CSS) (Rosaceae) has been used, traditionally, to treat muscle problems and gastric dampness in eastern Asia countries. Therefore, many studies have focused on investigating its active compounds and effects on muscle pain, arthritis and gastro-intestinal diseases. Recently, several studies reported that CSS extract degrade amyloid plaques and enhance synaptic acetylcholine level in vivo and in vitro. Although these two Chaenomeles species are used without differences, CSP is reported to contains more phenolic compounds which are known to enhance memory. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the memory ameliorating effects of CSP by employing the passive avoidance test, Y-maze task and novel object recognition test. CSP (30 or 100 mg/kg) ameliorated the declined memory induced by scopolamine injection and enhanced the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels along with post synaptic density protein 95 (PSD 95) levels at the hippocampus of the scopolamine-injected mouse brain. These results suggested that CSP alleviates the cognition declines caused by cholinergic blockade via enhancing BDNF levels and PSD 95, and that it would enhance memory formation and be useful for treating memory declines.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.35-35
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• 2009

Capacitorless one transistor dynamic random access memory (1T-DRAM) cells were fabricated on the fully depleted strained-silicon-on-insulator (FD sSOI) and the effects of silicon back interface state on buried oxide (BOX) layer on the memory properties were evaluated. As a result, the fabricated 1T-DRAM cells showed superior electrical characteristics and a large sensing current margin (${\Delta}I_s$) between "1" state and "0" state. The back interface of SOI based capacitorless 1T-DRAM memory cell plays an important role on the memory performance. As the back interface properties were degraded by increase rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process, the performance of 1T-DRAM was also degraded. On the other hand, the properties of back interface and the performance of 1T-DRAM were considerably improved by post RTA annealing process at $450^{\circ}C$ for 30 min in a 2% $H_2/N_2$ ambient.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.398-405
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop spaced retrieval training as a nursing intervention for patients having an mild alzheimer's disease and to determine the effects of the program on their memory and cognitive function across training sessions. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre test-post test design was used in this study. Participants were recruited from a local community: 14 patients were allocated into experimental group and 12 patients were allocated into control group. The experimental group was asked to participate in spaced retrieval training over 4 weeks, with seven times a week and 1 hour a session based. The study was conducted from June 20, 2011 to July 17, 2011. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test and t-test using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: After spaced retrieval training, the experimental group showed significant increases in scores for memory (t=12.40, p<.001) and cognitive function (t=7.69, p<.001) in comparison to the control group. Conclusion: Spaced retrieval training was effective in increasing cognitive function and memory of patients having mild alzheimer's disease. Therefore spaced retrieval training could be benefit the mild alzheimer's disease.

• 생약학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2020

Kyung-Ok-Go (KOK) is a traditional prescription used for debilitating natural aging and post-illness debilitation. KOK has been used in a variety of ways because it strengthens immunity, prevents illness, and helps recovery in case of illness. In particular, recent research has revealed that KOK helps improve memory and cognition. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether KOK was effective in improving memory decline and depression-state observed during menopause. In the present study, we employed ovariectomized mouse as an animal model for measuring menopausal syndrome. The administration of KOK for 8 weeks, the object recognition memory and working memory were improved in novel object recognition test and Y-maze test. And in the forced swimming test, the immobility time were decreased. Additionally, the expression level of mature brain derived neurotropic factor (mBDNF) was increased by KOK administration in ovariectomized mouse hippocampus. These results suggested that KOK could improve cognitive decline and depression during menopausal period, and it might be come from enhancing expression level of mBDNF in hippocampus.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2022

After more than two years of efforts to end the corona pandemic, a gradual recovery is starting in countries with high vaccination rates. Easing public health policies for a full-fledged post-corona era, such as lifting the mandatory use of outdoor mask and quarantine measures in entry have been considered in Korea. However, the continuous emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 and limitations in vaccine efficacy still remain challenging. Fortunately, T cells and memory T cells, which are key components of adaptive immunity appear to contribute substantially in COVID-19 control. SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells are induced by natural infection or vaccination, and rapid induction and activation of T cells is mainly associated with viral clearance and attenuated clinical severity. In addition, T cell responses induced by recognition of a wide range of epitopes were minimally affected and conserved against the highly infectious subsets of omicron variants. Polyfunctional SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell memory including stem cell-like memory T cells were also developed in COVID-19 convalescent patients, suggesting long lasting protective T cell immunity. Thus, a robust T-cell immune response appears to serve as a reliable and long-term component of host protection in the context of reduced efficacy of humoral immunity and persistent mutations and/or immune escape.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1108-1114
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• 1998

$BaTiO_3$ thin films preferred c-axis orientation for the potential application of ferroelectric memory devices were deposited on silicon substrates(100) by RF sputtering and annealed at 800 and 900[$^{\circ}C$] in air. The BT(100)/BT(110) peak ratio of the sputtered sample was decreased with post-annealing in air. According to increasing with annealing temperature and time, the peak ratio of BT(100)/BT(110) was decreased and the surface density of thin film was high. Dielectric characteristics of $BaTiO_3$ thin film was measured as a function of annealing temperature and frequency. The dielectric constants were increased with annealing and decreased with frequency by space charge polarization and dipole polarization below 600[kHz]. The remanent polarization and coercive field in P-E hysteresis loop of $BaTiO_3$thin film were increased with the annealing temperature in air. The remanent polarization and coercive filed annealed at 800[$^{\circ}C$] for 1hr were 1.2[$\mu$C/$cm^2$] and 200[kV/cm]

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2020

Connections play a significant role in strength of structures against earthquake-induced loads. According to the post-seismic reports, connection failure is a cause of overall failure in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Connection failure results in a sudden increase in inter-story drift, followed by early and progressive failure across the entire structure. This article investigated the cyclic performance and behavioral improvement of shape-memory alloy-based connections (SMA-based connections). The novelty of the present work is focused on the effect of shape memory alloy bars is damage reduction, strain recoverability, and cracking distribution of the stated material in RC moment frames under seismic loads using 3D nonlinear static analyses. The present numerical study was verified using two experimental connections. Then, the performance of connections was studied using 14 models with different reinforcement details on a scale of 3:4. The response parameters under study included moment-rotation, secant stiffness, energy dissipation, strain of bar, and moment-curvature of the connection. The connections were simulated using LS-DYNA environment. The models with longitudinal SMA-based bars, as the main bars, could eliminate residual plastic rotations and thus reduce the demand for post-earthquake structural repairs. The flag-shaped stress-strain curve of SMA-based materials resulted in a very slight residual drift in such connections.