• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.64-74
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• 2014

This study attempts to evaluate the interior space of outpatient department of general hospital in aspects of nurses. The subjects are 97 nurses who work in outpatient department of H general hospital, Busan. Evaluating items are ones related to space layout, furniture, interior climate, color and finishes of outpatient department. Also, evaluating spaces are waiting area, doctor's room, treatment room, nurse station, and resting and dressing area for nurses in outpatient department. The results are ; 1) The space layout type of outpatient area in general hospital which each department consists of waiting area, doctors offices, treatment room and etc. was evaluated positively by nurses. 2) The waiting area and doctor's room was evaluated relatively positive, the treatment room was more negatively than these two rooms. But nurse related spaces such as nurse station and resting and dressing room were evaluated relatively negative. 3) In aspects of interior elements, furniture, and color and finishes were rated to be relatively positive. However, air conditions were rated negatively. 4) The finishes and dressing area in treatment room were rated relatively low. This would be a basic data for planning the outpatient area of general hospital.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.9
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• pp.108-115
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• 1996

The relationship between users and physical elements of environmental gives a space special characteristics. The Environment Probabilitism by Altman shows that behavior and environment, both response, effect each other construct their characteristics. People can choose their response consciously or unconsciously during their walking , sitting, standing, talking in their environment. Designing a good place can lead people to the goal that they want and designer intend to get, A good place well designed as an positive place is organised with 3 points(1) User's behavior (2) physical elements in environment (3) meanings produced between behavior and physical elements. In this study the importance of physical elements are focused on. In the place where we can have permeability, variety , legibility, robutness, visual appropriateness, richness, personalisation physically , these characteristics will encourage people to have strong motivation and to choose the most active way . From this perspective the circulation of physically handicapped persons is analyzed into their behavioral environment and their behavioral response. The analysis shows the handicapped in our situation has no environmental right for a man itself ,even they have no street to walk safely. And their response to the environment was very negative. Basically the elements from exterior space to interior space should be guaranteed for everyday according to their behavioral characteristics include handicapped. From this study the result shows that the needs of a person should be considered and accepted as an important design problem for improvement our environment.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine how the floor heating system is affecting to users in childeren's libraries. This study included the method that extracts the affordance of the floor heating system, after surveyed using behavior in children's libraries and referred to J. J. Gibson's affordance and surface concepts. As the positive affordance, it was grasped that the floor heating system promotes social relationships and affords various surfaces for library using, but also as the negative affordance, that hinders users in the public usings and the behaviors for reference and using. The behaviors of these various characters can be regarded as life behaviors resulted from the sitting life style and the natural using behavior can give to children emotional rest and autonomous reading experience. For the function as the children's library, the learning of sociality in the public building and the various reading space, the space planning of children's library should be done after the positive and negative affordances extracted from this study are reflected. The guidelines for space planning are summarized as the followings: the layout of book furniture, the shoe chest and the space around that, the furniture hight and children's eye level, and the practical using of the table for sitting life style.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.1385-1405
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• 2021

Let A be a positive bounded linear operator acting on a complex Hilbert space (𝓗, ⟨·,·⟩). Let ω_A(T) and ║T║_A denote the A-numerical radius and the A-operator seminorm of an operator T acting on the semi-Hilbert space (𝓗, ⟨·,·⟩_A), respectively, where ⟨x, y⟩_A := ⟨Ax, y⟩ for all x, y ∈ 𝓗. In this paper, we show with different techniques from that used by Kittaneh in [24] that $$\frac{1}{4}{\parallel}T^{{\sharp}_A}T+TT^{{\sharp}_A}{\parallel}_A{\leq}{\omega}^2_A(T){\leq}\frac{1}{2}{\parallel}T^{{\sharp}_A}T+TT^{{\sharp}_A}{\parallel}_A.$$ Here T^#_A denotes a distinguished A-adjoint operator of T. Moreover, a considerable improvement of the above inequalities is proved. This allows us to compute the 𝔸-numerical radius of the operator matrix $\(\array{I&T\\0&-I}\)$ where 𝔸 = diag(A, A). In addition, several A-numerical radius inequalities for semi-Hilbert space operators are also established.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.12-19
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• 2010

School design in the future will be more important on exterior space plan. However, there is no specific definition or boundary regarding exterior space, and related regulations and guides define the essential factors only. The purpose of this study is to have a guideline for the concept of exterior space in elementary school buildings, and deducted strong and weak points by evaluating exterior space based on each business methods. A result of this study can be suggest what improvements should be made on exterior space design of elementary school buildings by comparative analysis of positive and weak points for each evaluation factors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.21-28
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• 2009

School Design in the future will be more important on exterior space plan. However, there is no specific definition or boundary regarding exterior space, and related regulations and guides define the essential factors only. The purpose of this study is to have a guideline for the concept of exterior space in elementary school buildings, and deducted strong and weak points by evaluating exterior space based on each business methods. A result of this study can be suggest what improvements should be made on exterior space design of elementary school buildings by comparative analysis of positive and weak points for each evaluation factors.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.199-211
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• 2019

This paper presents at the characteristics of publications in the Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences from 1984 to 2018. Since its first publication, a total of 1,113 papers (~35 volumes) have been published up to December 2018. While the space astronomy field has made up a large portion of the total number of papers, the number of annually published papers in this field is decreasing. In contrast, the number of papers in the space environment field has been showing an increasing trend since 2013, accounting for more than 30% of the annual publications. The participation rate of foreign researchers has been maintained at greater than 20% since 2012. Despite the decrease in the number of paper per year, there are positive developments including sustained foreign researcher participation at greater than 20% and improvements in the impact factor. We believe that JASS has the potential to enter the distinguished level of international academic journals following a well-developed future road map.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.707-714
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• 1995

In this note, we extend the concepts of linearly positive quadrant dependence to the random vectors and prove a functional central limit theorem for positively quadrant dependent sequence of $R^d$-valued or separable Hilbert space valued random elements which satisfy a covariance summability condition. This result is an extension of a functional central limit theorem for weakly associated random vectors of Burton et al. to positive quadrant dependence case.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2001

In this paper we consider an age dependent branching process whose particles move according to a Markov process with continuous state space. The Markov process is assumed to the stationary with independent increments and positive recurrent. We find some sufficient conditions for he Markov motion process such that the empirical distribution of the positions converges to the limiting distribution of the motion process.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.365-376
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to show that the accuracy of the interpolation method can be at least doubled when additional smoothness requirements and boundary conditions are met. In particular, as a basis function, we are interested in using a conditionally positive definite function $\Phi$ whose generalized Fourier transform is of the form $\Phi(\theta)\;=\;F(\theta)$\mid$\theta$\mid$^{-2m}$ with a bounded function F > 0.