• 한국조경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.14-28
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• 1996

Purposes of this study were to provide the basic information for the management policy for more preserve and refreshing Gusumok-big and old tree. Fundamental directions for the protection and application of Gusumok were suggested by comparing and analyzing present conditions and remnant forms of Gusumok as preserved tree in Kyung-ju and its function and the role of Gusumok according to the civilization and diference between past and present. The main results of the study are as follows ; There are 121 Gusumok which designated as a preserved tree in Kyung-ju. It is distributed all over the Kyung-ju city uniformly and located in the enterance or the center of a village having high interests of most of residents. in the course of a civilzation, the percintage of a loss of an urban Gusumok is higher than that of a rural Gusumok and its function is also changed so much. A modern function of Gusumok can be divided into a positive and negative one. A positive function is the offer of amenity and the place of receation, formation of culture and ragulation of micro climate. A negative function is of psycholosical and functional reversed function. having a close relation with our life, Gusumok offers an amenity place to our life to make us feel soft and comfortable as well as developes the quality of our life. Gusumok has an important meaning in mordern society in that it contibutes to our village being better to live by having a historical meaning and creating a symbolic culture and history.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2017

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to verify a role of organizational culture as antecedents to influence psychological empowerment of organizational members, focusing on service workers of casino companies. Therefore, this study sought to examine the question of each clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy culture that the workers perceive to influence their psychological empowerment. Thus, the current study examined the relationship between organizational culture and the psychological empowerment by empirical analysis. Research design, data, and methodology - This study chose four domestic casino companies that are run only for foreigners. Using an offline survey, it analyzed the questionnaire data of the 249 surveys collected from employees working in the sales and service sectors. Independent variables were four types of organizational culture: clan, adhocracy, market, and hierarchy. Dependent variables were four subcategories of psychological empowerment: meaning, competence, self-determination, and impact. As research methods, the study applied descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 21.0 statistical program. Results - Among the organizational culture types, the clan and adhocracy cultures, which emphasize flexibility and autonomy, were relatively more important for the psychological empowerment of workers than the hierarchy and market cultures. Clan culture was the most important factor in terms of meaning and competence, and adhocracy culture was the most important factor in self-determination and impact. However, the hierarchy and market cultures that pursue control and stability were also cultural types that positively affected psychological empowerment of the workers. Hierarchy culture showed positive effects on meaning, competence, and impact except self-determination, and market culture had positive effect only on competency. Conclusions - The study found that organizational culture is an important predictor of psychological empowerment of the employees in casino companies and that important organizational culture types may be different for each sub-factor of psychological empowerment. It suggests that casino companies have to try to recognize and secure diverse organizational culture in order to activate psychological empowerment of their employees because they can provide quality service for customers. Therefore, it is necessary to create a harmonious and balanced culture between promoting flexible and autonomous organizational atmosphere, and stably controlling and operating the organization.

• 감성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.375-384
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• 2005

서체는 고유의 특성을 가지고 있으며, 각각 서로 다른 느낌을 주고 있다. 적절한 서체의 선택은 내용의 의미를 더 빠르게 이해할 수 있도록 한다. 또한 사람들은 일반적인 습관이나 경험을 가지고 있어서 이것과 관련된 서체들의 사용은 그 내용의 의미를 확대시켜 준다. 그러므로 사용자는 글의 의미나 연령, 성별, 대상, 문화적 환경 등에 따라 서체를 다르게 선택하여 사용해야 한다. 서체 선택의 중요성이 강조되고 있으나, 서체 선택에 대한 기준이나 지침이 개발되어 있지 않으며, 이 분야에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 이 연구는 의미가 있는 문장이냐 의미가 없는 문장이냐에 따라 서체 선호도가 다르게 나타나는지에 대한 연구와, 의미가 있는 문장인 경우에 긍정적 의미의 문장이냐 부정적 의미의 문장이냐에 따라 서체 선호도가 어떻게 다르게 나타나는지에 관한 연구이다 이번 연구를 통하여 서체 사용자에게는 의미에 따라 다르게 서체를 사용해야 하는 지침을 제공하며, 서체 제작자에게는 서체 개발에 관한 지침을 제공하는 것에 기여하리라고 본다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.313-334
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• 2015

This study examines cultural differneces in psychosocial maturity experiences between collectivistic and individualistic cultures. Personal, relational, and social dimensions were assessed to explore psychosocial maturity experience of elderly Korean residents in Korea and Canada who were psychosocially well developed through in-depth interviews and a content analysis. According to the results, there were diverse similarities and differences in the psychosocial maturity of elderly Korean residents between the two cultures. First, psychosocially mature elderly residents in both cultures showed positive self-concept and self-satisfaction. However, there were differences in their meaning. Second, in terms of interpersonal relations, the most important and satisfying relationship was the spousal relationship for both cultures, and relationships with children were satisfying. However, there were differences in the meaning of relationships between the two cultures as well as gender differences. Third, psychosocially mature elderly residents in both cultures reported psychosocial factors such as mature aging as a social dimension. Elderly residents in Korea regarded mature aging as a relationship oriented phenomenon, whereas those in Canada reported social attitudes toward mature aging. In addition, elderly residents in both cultures reported greed and harm to others as immature aging. Elderly residents in Korea regarded relational discord as immature aging, whereas those in Canada regarded it as demanding adult treatment from future generation. In terms of transcendence, adjustment was reported as living by going with the flow. Elderly residents in Korea reported adjustment based on fatalism, whereas those in Canada showed some religious meaning. Finally, psychosocially mature elderly residents showed a positive view, acceptance and life integration. These results are discussed from the perspective of cultural differences.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.365-389
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• 2014

본 연구는 역경으로서의 재수를 한 대학생이 그 경험을 어떻게 인식하고 있는지를 알아보았다. Lee와 Jung(2014)의 연구에 참가한 재수경험이 있는 대학생 중에서 대학 만족 수준(더 만족/덜 만족), 재수 경험에 대한 긍정적 인식 수준(더 긍정/덜 긍정)의 4개 유형에서 각 3명씩 총 12명의 참여자를 선정하여 현상학적 질적 연구를 진행하였다. 그 결과, 재수경험에 대한 7개의 구성요소와 19개의 하위구성요소가 도출되었으며 이를 세 가지 시간적 맥락에 따라 범주화하였다. 재수경험에 대한 인식이 각 관점에 따라 달랐는데, 첫 번째는 재수과정에 대한 실천적 관점으로서, 재수는 '한계와 고통을 주지만 목표를 위해 이겨내야 하는 것'을 의미했다. 두 번째는 재수의 결과에 대한 평가적 관점으로서, 재수는 '나를 발전시키지만 보이지 않는 상처를 남기는 것'을 의미했다. 세 번째는 앞의 두 관점에서의 긍정적 또는 부정적 영향에 대해 전체적인 의미를 부여하는 의미적 관점으로서, 재수경험이 '내 삶을 있는 그대로 받아들이게 해준 것'을 의미했다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 추후연구에 대한 방향을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.291-301
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 베이비부머의 죽음불안과 삶의 의미의 인과관계에서 이들 간 영성의 매개효과와 조절효과를 검증하는 것이다. 분석을 위한 연구 자료는 A시에 거주하는 1955년부터 1963년까지 출생한 베이비 부머를 대상으로 수집되었으며, 최종 분석에 총 500명의 자료를 사용하였다. 분석방법은 SPSS 21.0을 이용하여 일반적 특성을 알아보기 위한 기술통계분석, 변인 간 상관관계를 알아보기 위한 상관관계분석, 각 변인 간 가설검증을 위한 매개회귀분석, 영성의 조절효과를 알아보기 위해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 죽음불안이 삶의 의미에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 죽음불안과 삶의 의미의 관계에서 영성의 매개효과가 입증되었으며, 조절효과 분석을 통해 죽음불안과 삶의 의미의 관계에서 영성의 조절효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과 베이비부머의 죽음불안 수준에 따라 영성을 강화시킴으로써 삶의 의미를 더욱 높일 수 있음을 나타내는 것으로, 이들의 삶의 의미에 영향을 미치는 죽음불안을 감소 또는 해소하고, 영성을 강화할 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2013

목적: 본 연구는 중환자실 간호사의 죽음의미, 죽음불안, 죽음관여도 및 생명존중의지에 대해 조사하여 중환자실 간호사의 죽음에 대한 올바른 인식확립을 위한 교육프로그램 개발을 위한 기초를 마련하고자 실시한 서술적 조사연구이다. 방법: 수도권 소재 10개 종합병원 중환자실 근무 간호사 중 연구 목적을 이해하고 참여에 서면동의한 자를 대상으로 2009년 11월부터 2010년 2월까지 3개월간 자료를 수집하여 최종 230부를 분석에 사용하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 도구는 Inumiya(2002)가 개발한 사생관척도 중 죽음의미, 죽음불안, 죽음관여도, 생명존중의 4개요인 총 67문항으로 구성되었다. 자료 분석은 SPSS WIN 12.0 프로그램을 이용하여 서술통계, ANOVA, Pearson's 상관계수를 확인하였다. 결과: 대상자의 죽음의미 이해 정도는 7점 만점에 평균 4.27점이었고, 죽음의 긍정적 의미(평균 4.18점)보다 부정적 의미(평균 4.38점)에 대한 이해가 더 높았다. 죽음불안은 평균 4.43점, 죽음관여도는 평균 4.12점, 생명존중의지는 평균 4.18점이었다. 죽음의미는 죽음불안, 죽음관여도와 부적 상관관계를 보였고, 죽음의 긍정적 의미와 부정적 의미, 생명존중의지와 정적 상관관계를 보였다. 죽음불안은 죽음관여도와 정적 상관관계를 보였고, 생명존중의지와 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 죽음관여도는 생명존중의지와 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 본 연구결과 중환자실 신규간호사는 경력간호사에 비해 죽음의미 이해 정도가 낮고, 죽음불안과 죽음관여도가 높으며 생명존중의지가 낮으므로, 죽음에 대한 자신의 견해를 정립하여 임종환자 및 가족을 간호하는 역할수행에 도움을 줄 수 있는 교육프로그램 개발이 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.727-739
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to present an effective nursing intervention for helping the patients of mental illness by determining the effect of nursing-logotherapy on purpose in life and finding meaning, and hope of the patients of mental illness by developing and applicating program of nursing-logotherapy The data was collected from March to September in 1995, and its subjects were the patients of mental illness who was appropriate to the standard of this study among the patients of mental illness who hospitalized into Neuro-Psychiatric ward of M. and B. hospital located in Pusan area. They were all 60 subjects, thirty of them for an experimental group and the rest for a control group. The research design was an equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design as an quasi-experimental research and the conceptual frame- work was an interpersonal model. The data analysis was computerized by using SP-SS/PC$^{+}$ and hypothesis testing was done with 2-way ANCOVA and simple correlation. Results were summarized as follows : 1. There were significant changes of purpose in life and finding meaning in an experimental group be-fore and after treatment and a control group be-fore and after. 2. There were significant changes of hope in an experimental group before and after treatment and a control group before and after. 3. The positive correlation between purpose in life and finding meaning and hope of the patients of mental illness were observed. Consequently, nursing-logotherapy could significantly increase the purpose in life and finding mean-ing, and of hope, so it could be said an effective nursing intervention for helping the healing of the patients of mental illness.s.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2022

This study tried to confirm the mediating effect of positive psychological capital on the relationship between the communication Competence of managers who are recognized as organizational members working in the company and the adaptive performance of the members. To this end, the research hypothesis established through the final 255 data was verified as follows using the SPSS 21.00 and AMOS 21.1 version statistical programs. First, the higher the manager's communication Competence, the higher the positive psychological capital of organizational members. Second, the higher the communication Competence of the manager, the higher the adaptive performance of the members. Third, as the positive psychological capital of organizational members improved, adaptation performance improved. Fourth, positive psychological capital showed a partial mediating effect between the manager's communication Competence and the member's adaptive performance. The results of this study empirically analyzed the relationship between manager's communication Competence and members' positive psychological capital assumption (+) on the improvement of organizational members' adaptive performance ability. This study has the meaning of the most important research in that it provides additional theoretical and practical implications in the face of insufficient research on factors affecting the adaptation performance of organizational members.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.236-251
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• 1998

This study aimed at comprehending the meaning of sexual life for aged people, their strength of sexual desire and causes of change in their sexual life. It was another purpose to understand the extent of aged people's acknowledging the necessity of sexual consultation. This study adopted descriptive method using open-ended questionaires. The data for study was collected from 26 people over 65 years who reside in communities. It was gathered from April to June of 1998 through interview. The interviewee includes 16 males, 9 females and their average age was 73.3. 19 people among them have spouses. The conclusion of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) Attitude to sexual life: The meaning of sexual life for aged people is categorized as 'sense of duty', 'feeling of intimacy', 'basic desire', 'decrease of meaning' and 'meaningless'. 2) Sexual desire: Sexual desire of aged people is categorized as 'extinction', 'decrease', 'continuation' and 'restraint'. Restraint of sexual desire is due to social convention or the difficulty in fulfilling desire. 3) Causes of troubles in sexual life Causes which lead to troubles in sexual life of aged people can be categorized as 'physical', 'psychological' and 'social'. 'Physical' elements include 'incompetence of erection', 'decrease in duration of erection', 'increase in time needed to re-erection', 'declining of physical strength', 'decrease in vagina secretion' and 'worsening of health'. Among 'psychological' elements 'decrease of self-confidence', 'diminished concern of female aged people' are. 'Social elements' are 'absence of sexual parter', 'circumstances of living' and 'recognition of neighbor'. 4) Response to change of sexual life The reaction of aged people to change of sexual activities is classified as 'positive' and 'negative'. 5) Attitude to the consultation of sexual life of aged people The attitude to the consultation of sexual life in old age is classified as 'negative', 'doubtful' and 'positive'. This study explored the meaning which aged people in community attach to sexual life, the extent of their sexual desire, the causes of troubles in their sexual life, their emotional response to changes in sexual life, their recognition of necessity in sexual consultation. Considering the frequency of the statement, most of aged people who were interviewed thought much of sexual life and put emphasis on it. Those who said that sexual life has decreased meaning or is not important to them are few, Though aged people still maintain sexual desire, most of them have some trouble in sexual life. These trouble changes the sexual life, and results in negative feeling such as depression, renunciation and difficulty in relations. So they acknowledged that sexual consultation is necessary to them.