• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.55-57
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• 2015

The tracking system plays a key role in accurate estimation and prediction of maneuvering vessel's position and velocity in a bid to enhance safety by taking avoiding action against collision. Therefore, in order to achieve this, many ocean- going vessels are equipped with radar and the ARPA system. However, the accuracy of prediction highly depends on the choice of the gain parameters, ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$ employed in the tracking filter. P revious research of this paper was based on theoretically developing an algorithm for a tracking module. This research paper is hence a continuation by the authors to determine the optimal values of the gain parameters used in the tracking module. A tracking algorithm is developed using the ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}$ filter to carry out prediction and smoothing of the positions and velocities. Numerical simulations are then performed to evaluate the optimal values of the smoothing parameters that will improve the performance of the tracking module and reduce measurement noise. The twice distance root mean square (2drms) is then calculated to determine error variation.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2015

In the conventional model for the prediction of the railway environmental noise, one used an empirical formula of the total noise level at specific distances. Only a function of the distance to the source was also used to calculate the noise level near the railway bridges. However, the noise varies depending on the position of the receiver as well as the distance from the source especially at concrete bridges. In this paper, a noise propagation model in the railway concrete bridge was derived by considering the diffraction at the bridge deck and the ground effect and applying the ISO 9613-2 noise propagation model. We compared the predicted and measured values of environmental noise at a high-speed railway bridge, and it was confirmed that this prediction model gives relatively small errors.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2013

In this paper, a novel method called location-based delivery (LBD), which combines the short message service (SMS) and global position system (GPS), is proposed, and further, a realistic system for tracking a target's movement is developed. LBD reduces the number of short message transmissions while maintaining the location tracking accuracy within the acceptable range. The proposed approach, LBD, consists of three primary features: Short message format, location prediction, and dynamic threshold. The defined short message format is proprietary. Location prediction is performed by using the current location, moving speed, and bearing of the target to predict its next location. When the distance between the predicted location and the actual location exceeds a certain threshold, the target transmits a short message to the tracker to update its current location. The threshold is dynamically adjusted to maintain the location tracking accuracy and the number of short messages on the basis of the moving speed of the target. The experimental results show that LBD, indeed, outperforms other methods because it satisfactorily maintains the location tracking accuracy with relatively fewer messages.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.491-495
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• 2002

To provide an easy operation of drift prediction model in SAR(search and rescue) mission a GUI program running on Windows environment has developed. Users can make choice of input data on the screen by just clicking the mouse and the prediction results of datum points and trajectories of vessels are drawn on the electric chart. The program contains both Leeway Equation model and Mathematical model. The FORTRAN language was used in programming and Lehay Winteraction 4.0 software was utilized for graphic presentation. The result of May, 2001 Busan field experiment was plotted with that of model prediction for demonstration purpose.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 1993

During high frequency ventilation (HFV), mean alveolar pressure has been measured to increase with mean airway opening pressure controlled at a constant level in both humans and experimental animals. Since this phenomenon could potentiate barotrauma limiting advantages of HFV, the present study theoretically predicted the difference between menu alveolar and airway opening pressures ($MP_{alv}$). In a Weibel's trumpet airway model, approximated formula for $MP_{alv}$ was derived based on momentum conservation assuming a uniform velocity profile. The prediction, equation was a func pion of gas density($\rho$), mean flow rate(Q), and diameter of the airway opening where the pressure measurement was made($D_0$) : $MP_{alv}=4{\rho}(Q/D_0^{2})^2$. This was a result of the difference in crosssectional area between the alveoli and the airway opening. A simple aireway model experiment was performed and the results well fitted to the prediction, which demonstrated the validity of the present analysis. Previously reported $MP_{alv}$ data from anesthetized dogs in supine position were comparable to the predicted values, indicating that the observed dissociation between mean alveolar and airway opening pressures during HFV can be explained by this innate geometric (or cross-sectional area) asymmetry of the airways. In lateral position, however, the prediction substantially underestimated the measurements suggesting involvement of other important physiological mechanisms.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.89-105
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• 2008

In this paper, we suggest a rule-based system for the prediction of natural prosodic phrase breaks from Korean texts. For the implementation of the rule-based system, (1) sentence constituents are sub-categorized according to their syntactic functions, (2) syntactic phrases are recognized using the dependency relations among sub-categorized constituents, (3) rules for predicting prosodic phrase breaks are created. In addition, (4) the length of syntactic phrases and sentences, the position of syntactic phrases in a sentence, sense information of contextual words have been considered as to determine the variable prosodic phrase breaks. Based on these rules and features, we obtained the accuracy over 90% in predicting the position of major break and no break which have high correlation with the syntactic structure of the sentence. As for the overall accuracy in predicting the whole prosodic phrase breaks, the suggested system shows Break_Correct of 87.18% and Juncture Correct of 89.27% which is higher than that of other models.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.351-361
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• 1997

This study was performed to evaluate the change of the soft tissue facial profile after mandibular set back surgery during time intervals. For this study, 33 patient, 8 males and 25 females, were selected and their lateral cephalograms were taken and analyzed periodically. Hard and soft tissue changes during postoperative time intervals, correlation between surgical skeletal changes and postoperative soft tissue changes, and prediction for long-term soft tissue changes were established through varying statistical methods. The results were as follow : 1. There were meaningful changes of anteroposterior skeletal position at 6 months and 2 years after mandibular set back by mandibular ramus osteotomy. Two years postoperatively, there was 30%, 32%, 29% relapse on B point, pogonion, menton each. 2. Two years after the mandibular ramus osteotomy, the relative changes of the soft tissue to their osseous counterparts showed 76% on the lower lip and 91% on the pogonion. 3. The movements of the mandibular landmarks in correlation to anteroposterior position of the lower lip and soft tissue of the chin showed to be effective on a long-term basis. 4. Using surgical changes of pogonion, prediction of changes in soft and hard tissue pogonion was useful and the coefficient of determination was 0.46 each and their reliability decreased 2 years postoperatively. 5. The upper lip position after the mandibular set back surgery was somewhat anterior 2 years postoperatively, but that has no statistical meanings.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.11C
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• pp.1071-1076
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• 2006

In this paper, we develop face and hand tracking for sign language recognition system. The system is divided into two stages; the initial and tracking stages. In initial stage, we use the skin feature to localize face and hands of signer. The ellipse model on CbCr space is constructed and used to detect skin color. After the skin regions have been segmented, face and hand blobs are defined by using size and facial feature with the assumption that the movement of face is less than that of hands in this signing scenario. In tracking stage, the motion estimation is applied only hand blobs, in which first and second derivative are used to compute the position of prediction of hands. We observed that there are errors in the value of tracking position between two consecutive frames in which velocity has changed abruptly. To improve the tracking performance, our proposed algorithm compensates the error of tracking position by using adaptive search area to re-compute the hand blobs. The experimental results indicate that our proposed method is able to decrease the prediction error up to 96.87% with negligible increase in computational complexity of up to 4%.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.5459-5473
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• 2017

Recently, a tracking algorithm called the spatial-temporal context model has been proposed to locate a target by using the contextual information around the target. This model has achieved excellent results when the target undergoes slight occlusion and appearance changes. However, the target location in the current frame is based on the location in the previous frame, which will lead to failure in the presence of fast motion because of the lack of a prediction mechanism. In addition, the spatial context model is updated frame by frame, which will undoubtedly result in drift once the target is occluded continuously. This paper proposes two improvements to solve the above two problems: First, four possible positions of the target in the current frame are predicted based on the displacement between the previous two frames, and then, we calculate four confidence maps at these four positions; the target position is located at the position that corresponds to the maximum value. Second, we propose a target reliability criterion and design an adaptive threshold to regulate the updating speed of the model. Specifically, we stop updating the model when the reliability is lower than the threshold. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better tracking results than traditional STC and other algorithms.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.9-16
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• 2018

This paper describes how to find out the optimum position of the reaction wheel assembly (RWA) to minimize image quality degradation through the integrated system jitter prediction combining the micro-vibration test with finite element analysis considering optical coefficients. Micro-vibration generated from RWA that is widely used for satellite maneuver, is one of key factors that degrades the quality of satellite image. Due to varying vibration characteristics of each RWA, its accommodation position may affect image quality even though the same company manufactured them. To resolve this issue, an integrated system jitter prediction is conducted with all possible RWA accommodation location, and finally we determine optimal RWA position from the analysis results.