• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.589-595
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• 2007

Korea Railroad Research Institute has developed the driverless rubber-tired K-AGT (Korean-Automated Guideway Transit) system from 1999 to 2005 and has done its performance and reliability tests on the test line at Gyeongsan-city. Radio Frequency Communication-Based Train Control system of K-AGT, which employed Advanced Automated Train Control scheme, detects train position using the radio propagation delay between wayside and vehicle radio equipment. In this paper, we investigate whether the transmission power of radio system can be reduced to the permitted level announced by the Ministry of Information and Communication for license-free ISM(Industrial Scientific Medical) frequency bands. We first determine radio propagation model, using the measured data at test line, and perform simulation for radio coverage prediction. From the simulation results, we identify that the radio system operated with reduced power can provide good link quality in total test line.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.608-616
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• 2022

Power peaking factors (PPF) is an important parameter for safe and efficient reactor operation. There are several methods to calculate the PPF at TRIGA research reactors such as MCNP and TRIGLAV codes. However, these methods are time-consuming and required high specifications of a computer system. To overcome these limitations, artificial intelligence was introduced for parameter prediction. Previous studies applied the neural network method to predict the PPF, but the publications using the ANFIS method are not well developed yet. In this paper, the prediction of PPF using the ANFIS was conducted. Two input variables, control rod position, and neutron flux were collected while the PPF was calculated using TRIGLAV code as the data output. These input-output datasets were used for ANFIS model generation, training, and testing. In this study, four ANFIS model with two types of input space partitioning methods shows good predictive performances with R² values in the range of 96%-97%, reveals the strong relationship between the predicted and actual PPF values. The RMSE calculated also near zero. From this statistical analysis, it is proven that the ANFIS could predict the PPF accurately and can be used as an alternative method to develop a real-time monitoring system at TRIGA research reactors.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2024

In this study, we analyzed the phylogenetic classification, epitope prediction, and pathogenicity of red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) isolated from rock bream between 2019 and 2023. Phylogenetics based on genes encoding MCP and ATPase indicated that all five RSIV isolates belonged to RSIV subtype II. The deduced amino acid sequence of the MCP for the amplicons (1362 bp) obtained from RSIV isolates had a length of 453 amino acids. Among these, the amino acid sequences of the RSIV-19, 21, 22, and 23 isolates showed 100% identity, while the RSIV-20 isolate showed 99.78% identity with one residue difference at position 306. As a result of antigenicity analysis based on amino acid sequence, the antigenicity score of the RSIV-20 isolate was 0.6386 and the other RSIV isolates were 0.6365. Additionally, the prediction of their antigenic determinants resulted in a total of 17 identical antigenic plots. When each RSIV was inoculated into rock bream, no significant differences were observed with 100% cumulative mortality in all groups. This study provides data on the potential for genetic variation of RSIV isolated in the same marine area over the past five years, and the antigenicity and pathogenicity results of each isolate are expected to be useful information for selecting future vaccine strains.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.327-337
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• 2024

The ocean is linked to long-term climate variability, but there are very few methods to assess the short-term performance of forecast models. This study analyzes the short-term prediction performance regarding ocean temperature and salinity of the Global Seasonal prediction system version 5 (GloSea5). GloSea5 is a historical climate re-creation (2001-2010) performed on the 1st, 9th, 17th, and 25th of each month. It comprises three ensembles. High-resolution hindcasts from the three ensembles were compared with the Array for Real-Time Geostrophic Oceanography (ARGO) float data for the period 2001-2010. The horizontal position was preprocessed to match the ARGO float data and the vertical layer to the GloSea5 data. The root mean square error (RMSE), Brier Score (BS), and Brier Skill Score (BSS) were calculated for short-term forecast periods with a lead-time of 10 days. The results show that sea surface temperature (SST) has a large RMSE in the western boundary current region in Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and Antarctic Circumpolar Current region, and sea surface salinity (SSS) has significant errors in the tropics with high precipitation, with both variables having the largest errors in the Atlantic. SST and SSS had larger errors during the fall for the NINO3.4 region and during the summer for the East Sea. Computing the BS and BSS for ocean temperature and salinity in the NINO3.4 region revealed that forecast skill decreases with increasing lead-time for SST, but not for SSS. The preprocessing of GloSea5 forecasts to match the ARGO float data applied in this study, and the evaluation methods for forecast models using the BS and BSS, could be applied to evaluate other forecast models and/or variables.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3609-3615
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• 2014

This study examined the difference in the item characteristics in multiple-choice aptitude tests focusing on the response position, response length and question types. A university aptitude test consisting of 80 questions was used for this study. The subjects were 3120 senior high school students from 80 schools nation-wide (liberal arts-1650, natural sciences-1467 patients). The results suggest that item prediction is higher for numbers 2 and 3 (located in the middle) than numbers 1 and 4. The item discrimination was higher for pick-the-'wrong'-items than pick-the-'right'-items. In addition, longer choices are preferred. The suggestions for future research are provided based on these findings.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.458-467
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• 1991

In this paper, the cause of linear prediction error is analysed and the theoretical basis for nomalizing the format bandwidth to 0is given and its validity is verified. The formant and bandwidth in relation to the position of the poles of AR filter are measured for an alaysis of the relation between the pole position and the formant bandwidth. By changing the glottis reflection coefficient to 1. the pole position and the formant bandwidth. By changing the glottis reflection coefficient to 1. the effect of the glottis is eliminated and as the result a new linear preiction coefficients are obtained by normalizing the formant bandwidth of the signal to 0. since these coefficients are symmetrical, the standard deviation is larger than the coefficients with fixed glottis reflection coefficient. The bit rate for speech coding can be reduced by a factor of 2 without any loss of information. Through computer simulation, recognition rate of 96.7% is botained by using the proposed algorithm in recognizing 5 Korean vowels in noisy environment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.297-302
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• 2017

The tracking filter plays a key role in accurate estimation and prediction of maneuvering the vessel's position and velocity. Different methods are used for tracking. However, the most commonly used method is the Kalman filter and its modifications. The ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}$ filter is one of the special cases of the general solution provided by the Kalman filter. It is a third order filter that computes the smoothed estimates of position, velocity, and acceleration for the nth observation, and predicts the next position and velocity. Although found to track a maneuvering target with good accuracy than the constant velocity ${\alpha}-{\beta}$ filter, the ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}$ filter does not perform impressively under high maneuvers, such as when the target is undergoing changing accelerations. This study aims to track a highly maneuvering target experiencing jerky motions due to changing accelerations. The ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}$ filter is extended to include the fourth state that is, constant jerk to correct the sudden change of acceleration to improve the filter's performance. Results obtained from simulations of the input model of the target dynamics under consideration indicate an improvement in performance of the jerky model, ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}-{\eta}$ algorithm as compared to the constant acceleration model, ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}$ in terms of error reduction and stability of the filter during target maneuver.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1153-1153
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• 2001

Directive 79/373/EEC on the marketing of compound feeding stuffs, provided far a flexible declaration arrangement confined to the indication of the feed materials without stating their quantity and the possibility was retained to declare categories of feed materials instead of declaring the feed materials themselves. However, the BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) and the dioxin crisis have demonstrated the inadequacy of the current provisions and the need of detailed qualitative and quantitative information. On 10 January 2000 the Commission submitted to the Council a proposal for a Directive related to the marketing of compound feeding stuffs and the Council adopted a Common Position (EC N$^{\circ}$/2001) published at the Official Journal of the European Communities of 2. 2. 2001. According to the EC (EC N$^{\circ}$ 6/2001) the feeds material contained in compound feeding stufs intended for animals other than pets must be declared according to their percentage by weight, by descending order of weight and within the following brackets (I :< 30%; II :> 15 to 30%; III :> 5 to 15%; IV : 2% to 5%; V: < 2%). For practical reasons, it shall be allowed that the declarations of feed materials included in the compound feeding stuffs are provided on an ad hoc label or accompanying document. However, documents alone will not be sufficient to restore public confidence on the animal feed industry. The objective of the present work is to obtain calibration equations fur the instanteneous and simultaneous prediction of the chemical composition and the percentage of ingredients of unground compound feeding stuffs. A total of 287 samples of unground compound feeds marketed in Spain were scanned in a FOSS-NIR Systems 6500 monochromator using a rectangular cup with a quartz window (16 $\times$ 3.5 cm). Calibration equations were obtained for the prediction of moisture ($R^2$= 0.84, SECV = 0.54), crude protein ($R^2$= 0.96, SECV = 0.75), fat ($R^2$= 0.86, SECV = 0.54), crude fiber ($R^2$= 0.97, SECV = 0.63) and ashes ($R^2$= 0.86, SECV = 0.83). The sane set of spectroscopic data was used to predict the ingredient composition of the compound feeds. The preliminary results show that NIRS has an excellent ability ($r^2$$\geq$ 0, 9; RPD $\geq$ 3) for the prediction of the percentage of inclusion of alfalfa, sunflower meal, gluten meal, sugar beet pulp, palm meal, poultry meal, total meat meal (meat and bone meal and poultry meal) and whey. Other equations with a good predictive performance ($R^2$$\geq$0, 7; 2$\leq$RPD$\leq$3) were the obtained for the prediction of soya bean meal, corn, molasses, animal fat and lupin meal. The equations obtained for the prediction of other constituents (barley, bran, rice, manioc, meat and bone meal, fish meal, calcium carbonate, ammonium clorure and salt have an accuracy enough to fulfill the requirements layed down by the Common Position (EC Nº 6/2001). NIRS technology should be considered as an essential tool in food Safety Programs.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.7-15
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• 1975

The maximum breathing capacity (MBC) and the maximum mid-expiratory flow rate (MMF) are widely used in evaluation of the ventilatory function, among various parameters of pulmonary function. The MBC volume is the amount of gas which can be exchanged per unit time during maximal voluntary hyperventilation. Performance of this test, unlike that of single breath maneuvers, is affected by the integrity of the respiratory bellows as a whole including such factors are respiratory muscle blood supply, fatigue, and progressive trapping of air. Because of this, the MBC and its relation to ventilatory requirement correlates more closely with subjective dyspnea than does any other test. The MMF is the average flow rate during expiration of the middle 50% of the vital capacity. The MMF is a measurement of a fast vital capacity related to the time required for the maneuver and the MMF relates much better to other dynamic tests of ventilatory function and to dyspnea than total vital capacity, because the MMF reflects the effective volume, or gas per unit of time. Therefore, it is important to have a prediction formula with one can compute the normal value for the subject and the compare with the measured value. However, the formulas for prediction of both MBC and MMF of the Korean children and adolescents are not yet available in the present. Hence, present investigation was attempt to derive the formulas for prediction of both MBC and MMF of the Korean children and adolescents. MBC and MMF were measured in 1,037 healthy Korean children and adolescents (1,035 male and 1,002 female) whose ages ranged from 8 to 18 years. A spirometer (9L, Collins) was used for the measurement of MBC and MMF. Both MBC and MMF were measured 3times in a standing position and the highest values were used. For measurement, the $CO_2$ absorber and sadd valve were removed from the spirometer in order to reduce the resistance in the breathing circuit and the subject was asked to breathe as fast and deeply as possible for 12 seconds in MBC and to exhale completely as fast as possible after maximum inspiration for MMF. During the measurement, investigator stood by the subject to give a constant encouragement. All the measured values were subsequently converted to values at BTPS. The formulas for MBC and MMF were derived by a manner similar to those for Baldwin et al (1949) and Im (1965) as function of age and BSA or age and height. The prediction formulas for MBC (L/min, BTPS) and MMF (L/min, BTPS) of the Korean children and adolescents as derived in this investigation are as follows: For male, MBC=[41.70+{$2.69{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}BSA$ $(m^{2})$ MBC=[0.083+{$0.045{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm) For female, MBC=[45.53+{$1.55{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}BSA$ $(m^2)$ MBC=[0.189+{$0.029{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm) For male, MMF= [0.544+{$0.066{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm) For female, MMF=[0.416+{$0.064{\times}Age(years)$}]${\times}Ht$ (cm)

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.8 no.2 s.17
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• pp.109-120
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• 2006

This paper addresses techniques for predicting a future path of an object moving on a road network. Most prior methods for future prediction mainly focus their attention on objects moving in Euclidean space. A variety of applications such as telematics, however, deal with objects that move only over road networks in most cases, thereby requiring an effective method of future prediction of moving objects on road networks. In this paper, we propose a novel method for predicting a future path of an object by analyzing past trajectories whose changing pattern is similar to that of a current trajectory of a query object. We devise a new function that measures a similarity between trajectories by reflecting the characteristics of road networks. By using this function, we predict a future path of a given moving object as follows: First, we search for candidate trajectories that contain subtrajectories similar to a given query trajectory by accessing past trajectories stored in moving object databases. Then, we predict a future path of a query object by analyzing the moving paths along with a current position to a destination of candidate trajectories thus retrieved. Also, we suggest a method that improves the accuracy of path prediction by regarding moving paths that have just small differences as the same group.