• Title/Summary/Keyword: pork ham

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Microbial change of pork carcass during processing in small size slaughterhouse (소규모 돼지도축공정에서 도체오염 미생물의 변화)

  • 홍종해;이경환;이성모
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.31-37
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    • 2002
  • Major hazards existed in slaughterhouse are pathogenic microorganisms originated from intestinal microflora of slaughtered animals. This study was intended for the identification of microbial contamination sources during pork slaughtering in small plants. Total aerobic bacteria, Coliform group, Salmonella spp, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter jejuni/coli were isolated from the surface sample of pork carcasses. Contamination level among different sampling points of ham, belly and neck did not showed statistical differences. Therefore, the mixed sampling from belly and neck of carcass could be effective for microbiological monitoring. Isolation rates of pathogenic microorganisms showed Salmonella spp 20.9%, Listeria monocytogenes 10.5%, and Campylobacter jejuni/coli 8.1% from 296 sampling points. High prevalence rate of Salmonella spp indicated that the contamination of intestinal microflora occurred due to unsanitary processing control, which required HACCP system in small plants. It was recommended that the prerequisite program should be a key factor for a successful HACCP system implementation especially in small size slaughterhouse.

Identification of Chicken Pork and Beef Meats by Chicken Specific Antibody (계육 특이항체를 이용한 원료육 단백질의 검색)

  • 임태진
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.149-156
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    • 1998
  • Chicken beef pork meats and isolated soy protein (ISP) were heated at 10$0^{\circ}C$ for 30min and then heat-resistant proteins were fractionated to examine cross-resistant protein from chicken meat but not with beef pork or ISP. Dot blotting using the polyclonal antibody showed that the sen-sitivity for detecting chicken meat was 1$\mu$m and antibody-antigen reaction was dose-dependant. Results of dot blotting analysis to compare the amount of chicken meat present in arket meat products(Kentucky Frank sausage;chicken meat 46.52% and pork 24.92% vs Bulgogi Ham;chicken meat 28.89% and turkey 31.44%)showed that the significant differences between two meat products in terms of chicken meat concentrations. Dose-dependant dot-blotting reaction was also observed in chicken meat samples with various dilution.

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Effect of Cordyceps ochraceostromat, Silkworm Cocoon, and Conjugated Linoleic Acid on the Quality and Storage Characteristics of Pork Sausage Manufactured by MDCM (Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat) Recovered Protein (기계발골계육 회수단백질을 활용한 돈육 소시지의 품질 및 저장성 향상을 위한 동충하초, 누에고치 및 Conjugated Linoleic Acid의 첨가 효과)

  • Jin, Sang-Keun;Kim, Il-Suk;Kang, Suk-Nam;Hur, In-Chul;Choi, Seung-Yun;Kang, Sang-Ha;Yang, Han-Sul;Joo, Seon-Tea;Park, Gu-Boo
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.243-251
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the addition of cordyceps ochraceostromat, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and silkworm cocoon on the quality and storage characteristics of pork sausage manufactured by MDCM (mechanically deboned chicken meat) recovered protein. The samples were divided into 5 groups (sausage made from pork ham; control, 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham; T1, 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham with 0.1% cordyceps ochraceostromat; T2, 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham with 0.1% CLA; T3, and 40% of MDCM recovered protein to replace pork ham with 0.1% silkworm cocoon; T4). The control sample had a higher moisture and protein contents and lower fat content than the other samples during 4 weeks of storage at $4^{\circ}C$ The treatment samples had lower lightness and higher redness values than the control (p<0.05). Hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness were significantly lower in the treatment samples than the control (p<0.05). All sausage samples showed a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), volatile basic nitrogen, and total plate counts during the storage time (p<0.05). In addition, the MDCM treatment samples had higher TBARS values than the control, but the VBN value of the treatment samples was lower than the control after the 4 weeks storage period.

Food and Meal Preference of Workers in the Chonnam Yeosu Industrial Area (전남 여수지역 산업체에 근무하는 근로자의 식품 및 음식의 기호도 조사)

  • Han, Hyun-Mi;Choi, Il-Su;Jung, Bok-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.392-405
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to investigate food and meal preference of workers (435 male and 212 female) in the Chonnam Yeosu industrial area. The results of the survey were analyzed by principal components analysis. The results were obtained as follows: 19.3% of the subjects were twenties, 28.3% were thirties, 28.8% were forties and 23.7% were fifties. Females liked rice rolled in dried laver, rice cakes, janchi-noodle and breads, on the other hand males liked thick beef soup, loach soup, an eel stew and soju. The young liked instant noodles, fried chicken, sweet and sour pork, pork cutlet, pizza, hamburger, ham, sausage and fruit beverage, on the other hand the old liked a fish pot stew, loach soup, eel stew, fish boiled in soy with spices, panfried fish, sea slug, ascidian, bunder, green laver and boiled burdock-lotus root in soy. Females who are young liked hamburger and sweet and sour pork whereas males who are young liked instant noodles, pork cutlet, ham, sausage and fruit beverage. Aged females liked fish boiled in soy with spices, panfried fish, bunder, green laver, boiled burdock-lotus root in soy whereas aged males liked a fish pot stew, loach soup, eel stew, sea mussel and oysters. Boiled rice was located within the middle irrespective of age and sex, but noodles, wheat flour meal, fast foods and fruits were situated at the young female side. Aged males liked soup and pot stew. Young males liked meats and eggs whereas fish and shellfish and kimch were located at the aged people side. Aged females liked sea weeds and most people disliked vegetables but females liked some vegetables irrespective of age. Processed foods, salted foods, and alcohol were generally disliked foods by subjects but males liked those foods. Soybean curd was liked more males than females, and teas, except coffee, was liked by males. (Korean J Community Nutrition 14(4) : 392${\sim}$405, 2009)

Application of the TaqMan® real-time PCR assay for the detection of chicken (Gallus gallus) meat in pork products (돼지고기 제품 내 닭고기 검출을 위한 TaqMan® real-time PCR의 적용)

  • Koh, Ba-Ra-Da;Kim, Ji-Yeon;Na, Ho-Myung;Park, Seong-Do;Kim, Yong-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.193-201
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    • 2013
  • Many consumers are increasingly concerned about the meat they eat, and accurate labelling is important due to public health, economic and legal concerns. Meat species adulteration is a common problem in the retail markets. In this study, a TaqMan$^{(R)}$ quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was applied for its ability to quantify chicken meat, which was not indicated on the label, in 79 commercial pork products (ham, sausages, bacon and ground meat) producted by 10 different manufacturers. The amplification efficiency was 82.05% and the square regression coefficient ($R^2$) was 0.995. PCR results showed that 38.6% of ham samples, 50.0% of sausages samples, and 50.0% of ground meat samples were contaminated with chicken residuals, while the bacon samples were not contaminated with chicken residuals. Only twelve pork products of one of the manufacturers were in accordance with indicated in their labels. The PCR assay reported in this work could be particularly useful in inspection programs to verify the food labelling of commercial processed meats and to gain consumers' trust.

Development of Turmeric Extract Nanoemulsions and Their Incorporation into Canned Ham

  • Kim, Seung Wook;Garcia, Coralia V.;Lee, Bom Nae;Kwon, Ho Jeong;Kim, Jun Tae
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.889-897
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    • 2017
  • In this study, a nanoemulsion formulation for encapsulating turmeric extract was developed and its physicochemical characteristics including particle diameter, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and stability were determined. The turmeric nanoemulsion (TE-NE) droplets exhibited small diameter (165 nm), low PDI (0.17), and high zeta potential (-31.80 mV), all desirable characteristics in nanoemulsions, as well as stability in a wide range of pH. The TE-NE was spray-dried as a means to allow its incorporation into food products and reduce potential transport and storage costs. The resulting powder exhibited a pale yellowish appearance and had a curcuminoids content of 0.39 mg/g. The spray-dried TE-NE powder was incorporated into minced pork to make canned ham, and the sensory characteristics of the ham were evaluated. As a result, the canned ham incorporating TE-NE powder received the same overall acceptability score as the control, and only exhibited slight yellowing. By contrast, ham incorporating turmeric extract exhibited substantial yellowing, and its appearance was considered less acceptable by the panelists. Therefore, the TE-NE formulation could be incorporated into canned ham and other meat products without substantially affecting their sensory qualities.

Reducing Microbial Populations on Refrigerated Pork Hams Treated with Acetic Acid (초산으로 처리한 냉장 돼지고기 햄의 미생물 증식억제)

  • 이재일;신은하;김창렬;김광현
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.484-489
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    • 1996
  • The influence of acetic acid (AA) dips on aerobic plate counts (APC), gram-negative bacterial counts (GNC), pH, and sensory tests of pork hams was studied during storage at 4$^{\circ}C$. Pork hams were treated by dipping in 0.5~3.0%(v/v) AA for 0~3 min. Treatments of 1.0~3.0% AA for 3 min completely (P<0.05) inhibited the GNC for 12 days of storage. Treatments of 3.0% AA for 3 min completely (P<0.05) inhibited the APC for 12 days of storage. Treatments with 1.0~3.0% AA for 0~3 min prolonged the microbiological shelf-life to 12 days of storage. Sensory evaluations of pork hams treated with acetic acid were liked less than the fresh controls due to acidic odor and whitness.

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Effects of natural nitrite source from Swiss chard on quality characteristics of cured pork loin

  • Kim, Tae-Kyung;Hwang, Ko-Eun;Song, Dong-Heon;Ham, Youn-Kyung;Kim, Young-Boong;Paik, Hyun-Dong;Choi, Yun-Sang
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.32 no.12
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    • pp.1933-1941
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    • 2019
  • Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate quality characteristics of cured pork loin with natural nitrite source from Swiss chard. Methods: Pork loin was cured in brine and the ratio of water and fermented Swiss chard (FSC) solution in the brine was changed by 4:0 (control), 3:1 (T1), 1:1 (T2), 1:3 (T3), 0:4 (T4), and pickled samples with 0.012% sodium nitrite (PC, positive control) and nitrite free brine (NC, negative control) were considered as the control. Results: The pH values of cured pork loins with FSC were decreased with increasing addition level of FSC. Cooking loss was not significantly different among all treatments. T4 had the lowest value in moisture content and lightness value and the highest value in curing efficiency. The redness value of T4 was not significantly different from that of PC in raw. After cooking, however, it was higher than that of PC. The yellowness value of cured pork loin added with FSC was increased with increasing level of FSC. Volatile basic nitrogen content of cured pork loin added with FSC was higher than PC and NC. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance value of cured pork loin added with FSC was decreased with increasing FSC level. Residual nitrite level and shear force were increased with increasing FSC level. In the sensory evaluation, sensory score for flavor, off-flavor, chewiness, juiciness, and overall acceptability were not significantly different among all treatments. However, sensory score for color was increased when the concentration of FSC added to pork loin was increased. Conclusion: The FSC solution had a positive effect on redness and lipid oxidation. As shown by the results in protein deterioration and sensory, Swiss chard can replace sodium nitrite as natural curing agent.

Changes of Quality Characteristics of Manufactured Press Ham using Conjugated Linoleic Acid(CLA) Accumulated Pork during Storage Periods (CLA가 축적된 돈육으로 제조된 Press Ham의 저장기간중 품질변화)

  • Lee, J.I.;Ha, Y.J.;Jung, J.D.;Kang, K.H.;Hur, S.J.;Park, G.B.;Lee, J.D.;Do, C.H.
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.645-658
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    • 2004
  • To investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid added diet feeding on CLA accumulation and quality characteristics of manufactured press ham using CLA accwnulated pork loin meat. The CLA used to add in diet was chemically synthesized by alkaline isomerization method with com oil. Pigs were divided into 5 treatment groups(4 pigs/group) and subjected to one of five treatment diets(0, 1.25% CLA for 2weeks, 2.5% CLA for 2weeks, 1.25% CLA for 4weeks and 2.5% CLA for 4weeks, CLA diets; total fed diets) before slaughter. Pork loin were collected from the animals(110kg body weight) slaughtering at the commercial slaughter house. Manufacture press ham using CLA accumulated pork loin meat were vacuum packaged and then stored during 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days at 4$^{\circ}C$. Samples were analyzed for general compositions, physico-chemical properties(pH, color, shear force value), TBARS. pH value of CLA treatment(T4) was increased significantly than that of oontrol(P<0.05). pH of control and CLA treatments were increased significantly as the storage period passed(P< 0.05). Crude fat content of CLA treatment groups was significantly higher than the control pork (P<0.05). Meat color(CIE $L^*$, $a^*$$b^*$

Effect of Horse Meat Content on the Quality and Sensory Characteristics of Press Ham (말고기 함량이 프레스햄 품질과 관능적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Seong, Pil-Nam;Lee, Chong-Eon;Kim, Jin-Hyoung;Cho, Soo-Hyun;Hah, Kyoung-Hee;Lim, Dong-Gyun;Kim, Dong-Hoon;Lee, Jong-Moon;Ko, Moon-Suck
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.9-13
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    • 2008
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different ratios of horse meat and pork (horse meat: pork=0:100, 50:50, 100:0) on the quality and sensory characteristics of press hams. Press ham containing 100% horse meat had a higher moisture content (%) and lower fat content (%) than the other hams (p<0.05). The redness (hunter a value) and yellowness (hunter b value) were significantly higher in press ham containing 100% horse meat, whereas the lightness (hunter L value) was significantly lower than other hams (p<0.05). With regard to textural properties, press ham containing 100% horse meat had significantly higher springiness, but there were no significant differences among the ham products in regard to hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness (p>0.05). The results of sensory tests showed that press ham containing 100% horse meat had significantly lower color and acceptability scores compared to other hams (p<0.05). With regard to mineral contents, Na, Fe, Mn, and Zn were significantly higher in press ham containing 100% horse meat (p<0.05).