• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.111-130
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• 2014

The increased use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) in retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) members has led to the need to develop non-destructive techniques that can monitor and characterize the unique damage mechanisms exhibited by such structural systems. This paper presented the damage characterization results of six CFRP retrofitted RC beam specimens tested in the laboratory and monitored using acoustic emission (AE). The focus of this study was to continuously monitor the change in AE parameters and analyze them both qualitatively and quantitatively, when brittle failure modes such as debonding occur in these beams. Although deterioration of structural integrity was traceable and can be quantified by monitoring the AE data, individual failure mode characteristics could not be identified due to the complexity of the system failure modes. In all, AE was an effective non-destructive monitoring tool that can trace the failure progression in RC beams retrofitted with CFRP. It would be advantageous to isolate signals originating from the CFRP and concrete, leading to a more clear understanding of the progression of the brittle damage mechanism involved in such a structural system. For practical applications, future studies should focus on spectral analysis of AE data from broadband sensors and automated pattern recognition tools to classify and better correlate AE parameters to failure modes observed.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집 제20권 2호
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• pp.297-300
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• 2001

기존의 고분자 자체를 그냥 쓰거나 (발포체 형태로 만들면 음파가 내부의 공기 층을 통과할 때 주위의 벽과 마찰이나 점성 저항에 의해 음파의 에너지의 일부가 고분자 매트릭스의 열에너지로 변화하여 고분자에 흡수된다) 유리섬유나 석면(광물면), 식물 섬유류를 넣어 복합재료로 만들어 기능성과 물리적인 성질(강도, 치수 안정성, 방염성, 내후성, 단열성 등)을 높여왔다. 하지만 고분자의 이온기에 변화에 따른 음향 특성의 변화에 따른 연구는 없었다. 본 논문에서는 고분자의 흡음 성질을 향상시키기 위해 이온기를 가지고 있는 고분자나 산 혹은 염기 작용기를 가진 고분자를 합성하고 또한 이들 고분자들을 블렌딩하여 이들의 음향학적 성질을 알아 보려한다. 흡음율을 측정하기 위한 방법으로는 2-마이크로폰법을 이용하고 임피던스 관내의 얇고 지름이 작은 시편 샘플들의 음향인자를 측정이 가능하도록 기존에 사용되고 있는 콘덴서 마이크로폰이 아닌 프로브 마이크로폰을 이용하였다. $\;^{(1)}$ 특별히 실험을 위해 제작된 아이오노머는 PS, P$(S-14.3-AZn^{2+})$, P$(S-14.5-SSNH_4)$, P(S-6.6-ITANa), P(S-8.95-ITANa) 등의 고분자를 블렌딩한 샘플을 이용하여 흡음 패턴을 측정하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2007

A novel selective metallization process to fabricate the fine conductive line based on inkjet printing has been investigated. Recently, Inkjet printing has been widely used in flat panel display, electronic circuits, biochips and bioMEMS because direct inkjet printing is an alternative and cost-effective technology for patterning and fabricating objects directly from design without masks. The photosensitive etching resist used in this process is an organic polymer which becomes solidified when exposed to ultraviolet lights and has high viscosity at ambient temperature. A piezoelectric-driven inkjet printhead is used to dispense 20-30 ${\mu}m$ diameter droplets onto the copper substrate to prevent subsequent etching. Repeatability of circuitry fabrication is closely related to the formation of steady droplets, adhesion between etching resist and copper substrate. Therefore, the ability to form small and stable droplets and surface topography of the copper surface and chemical attack must be taken into consideration for fine and precise patterns. In this study, factors affecting the pattern formation such as adhesion strength, etching mechanism, UV curing have been investigated. As a result, microscale copper patterns with tens of urn high have been fabricated.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.153-158
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• 2007

Recently nano imprint lithography to fabricate photonic crystal on polymer is preferred because of its simplicity and short process time and ease of precise manufacturing. But, the technique requires the precise mold as an imprinting tool for good replication. These molds are made of the silicon, nickel and quartz. But this is not desirable due to complex fabrication process, high cost. So, we describe a simple, precise and low cost method of fabricating PDMS stamp to make the photonic crystals. In order to fabricate the PDMS mold, we make the original pattern with designed hole array by finding the optimal electron beam writing condition. And then, we have tried to fabricate PDMS mold by the replica molding with ultrasonic vibration and pressure system. We have used the cleaning process to solve the detaching problem on the interface. Using these methods, we acquired the PDMS mold for photonic crystals with characteristics of a good replication. And the accuracy of replication shows below 1% in 440nm at diameter and in 610nm at lattice constant by dimensional analysis by SEM and AFM.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.91-94
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• 2005

With increasing demands for large-scale micro-optical components in the field of digital display, the establishment of large-scale fabrication technology fur polymeric patterns has become a priority. The starting point of any polymer replication process is the mold, and the mold often has flat surface. However, It is very hard to replicate large-scale micro patterns using the flat mold, because the cost of large-scale flat mold was very high, and some uniformity and releasing problems were often occurred in large scale flat molding process. In this study, a UV roll imprinting system to overcome the financial and fabrication issues of large-scale pattern replication process was designed and constructed. As a practical example of the system, a lenticular lens with radius of curvature of $223{\mu}m$ and pitch of $280{\mu}m$, which was used to provide wide viewing angle in projection TV, was designed and fabricated. The roll stamper was fabricated using direct machining process of aluminum roll base. Finally, the shape accuracy and uniformity of roll imprinted lenticular lens sheet were measured and analyzed.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.211-217
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• 1992

Stabilization of liposomes against degradation by bile salts has been investigated in order to develop a liposomal model system for oral drug delivery. Two polysaccharides, amylopectin (AP) and chitin (CT), were employed to coat both empty liposomes and bromthymol blue (BTB)-encapsulated liposomes by adsorption-coating techniques. Turbidity changes and BTB-release characteristics in pH 5.6 buffer solutions with or without bile salts, sodium cholate and sodium glycocholate, were observed to compare the differences between uncoated liposomes and polysaccharide-coated liposomes. Initial turbidities of both uncoated and polysaccharide-coated liposomes in buffer solution were kept constant within 3% range during 4 hours of experiments. But they were decreased in a different manner in bile salts-containing buffer solutions, showing 10% or less decrease for polysaccharide-coated liposomes and 25% or more decrease for uncoated liposomes. BTB release from uncoated liposomes has been greatly increased upto 90% after 4 hours in bile salts-containing buffer solution, which is a clue for breakdown of liposomal vesicles. However, polysaccharide-coated liposomes showed the controlled-release pattern which is proportional to square-root of time, followed by around 50% release for the same time period. Consequently, it is possible to conclude that these polysaccharide-coated liposomes might be an available system for oral delivery of a drug which is unstable in gut environment.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2011

PEMFC (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell) is device that generates electricity from hydrogen. It is one of the subjects related to renewable energy and various research has been conducted on the PEMFC. PEMFC has low operating temperature and high efficiency among fuel cells, and is given attention as means for automobile and domestic use. Analysis of flow field pattern in supplying hydrogen and oxygen is part of the research to increase PEMFC efficiency. In this study, separation plate currently used in PEMFC is transformed to wave shape and mass transfer characteristics in the channel is examined through numerical and experimental analysis. Wave shape separation plate yielded 18% increase of efficiency compared to separation plate used in normal channel. And improvements in mass transfer characteristics were verified.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.184-192
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the abrasion resistance and surface roughness of conventional dental stones and improved dental stones and newly developed dental stones. Materials included in this study were several dental stones and newly developed dental stone; 2 type III. 6 type IV (including newly developed dental stone). 1 type V Ten specimens for each material, total ninety specimens were made. Each specimen was subjected to 50 complete cycle abrasion under constant load 0.42N at speed or 6mm per sec. The depth after abrasion test was measured for each specimen. Surface roughness before and after abrasion test was compared. The results were as follows ; 1. The resin containing die materials such as Tuff Rock and Resin Rock had superior abrasion resistance. 2. Type IV, V dental stone exhibited greater abrasion resistance than Type III dental stone. 3. The results or the surface roughness showed similar pattern with the abrasion resistance.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.838-843
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• 2008

Cause of struggling to escape from dependency of fossil fuels, the fuel cell and the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) draw attention in the all of the world. Especially, the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) systems have been anticipated for next generation's energy supplying system, and we can predict the PHEV will enlarge the market share in the next few years to reduce not only the air pollution in the metropolis but the fuel-expenses of commuters. This paper presents simulation results about the strategy of smart charging system for PHEV in the residential house which has 1 kW PEMFC cogeneration system. The smart charging system has a function of recommending the best time to charge the battery of PHEV by the lowest energy cost. The simulated energy cost for charging the battery based on the electricity demand data pattern in the house. The house which floor area is $132\;m^2$ (40 pyeong.). In these conditions, the annual gasoline, electricity, and total energy cost to fuel the PHEV versus Conventional Vehicle (CV) have been simulated in terms of cars' average life span in Korea.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.165-168
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 철근콘크리트 구조물의 보강에 이용되는 유리섬유강화 복합재료(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer, GFRP) 형상에 관한 연구로서 콘크리트의 피복두께 및 FRP 보강재의 형상(Plate, Box)을 실험 변수로 하여 FRP 보강 철근콘크리트 보의 거동 평가 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 T. J. Teng 등이 제안한 설계식을 이용하여 보강량을 결정하였고 기존의 FRP Plate 보강재의 성능개선을 위하여 FRP Sandwich box 보강재를 설계, 적용하여 보았다. 연구의 결과 예상과 달리 FRP Plate 보강재가 Sandwich box 보강재보다 보강효과가 우수한 것으로 조사되었으며, 이는 보강재 제작상의 한계점 및 core 재료가 너무 약하여 Sandwich box 보강재의 Top Plate와 Bottom Plate가 일체화 거동을 하지 못하여 나타난 결과로 사료된다.