• 제목/요약/키워드: polyethylene film mulch

검색결과 27건 처리시간 0.026초

Effect of Biodegradable Mulch Film on Soil Microbial Community

  • Moon, Jin-Young;Song, Jae-Ki;Shin, Jung-Ho;Cho, Yong-Cho;Bae, Jin-Woo;Heo, Jae-Young;Kang, Hang-Won;Lee, Young-Han
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제49권2호
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    • pp.125-131
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    • 2016
  • The biodegradable film application can escape from plastic environmental pollution. This experiments studied the effect of biodegradable mulch film on the soil microbial community using fatty acid methyl ester method in soybean production field. The soil $NO_3$-N content in polyethylene mulch film (PE) soil was significantly higher than biodegradable mulch film soil (p < 0.05). The soil microbial community of Gram negative bacteria showed significantly higher in biodegradable mulch film soil than PE mulch film soil (p < 0.05). In addition, biodegradable mulch film soil had significantly low ratio of cy17:0 to $16:1{\omega}7c$ and cy19:0 to $18:1{\omega}7c$ compared with those of PE mulch film soil (p < 0.05), indicating that microbial stress decreased. The ratio of cy17:0 to $16:1{\omega}7c$ and cy19:0 to $18:1{\omega}7c$ should be considered as a potential responsible factor for the obvious differentiation that was observed between the biodegradable mulch film soil and PE mulch film soil in a upland field. The results of this experimentation show the potential of using biodegradable mulch film in place of PE.

Mechanism of Mulch Film Cutter on Transplanting System for Mulching Cultivation of Early Season Culture Rice in Japan

  • Hiyoshi, Kenji;Nagata, Masateru;Wan, Hong-Yong;Umezaki, Teruhisa;Tadeo, Bernardo-D.
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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    • pp.1021-1030
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    • 1996
  • The mechanism of the mulch film cutter assembly designed as an integral part of a rice transplanting device was developed for mulching cultivation of early season culture rice. This mulch film cutter assembly was directly attached to the transplanting device of the rotary type Japanese transplanter. The principle is that the knife cut a planting slit on the polyethylene film while the planting finger immediately plants seedling into the soil through the planting slit. Computer results implied that the knife of the mulch film cutter assembly can make appropriate planting slit on the polyethylene film as the planting finger effectively plants the seedlings into the paddy soil through the same planting slits.

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파종기와 Polyethylene 필름 피복방법이 단옥수수 생산에 미치는 영향 (Temperature and Sweet Corn Production at Different Planting Dates under Polyethylene Tunnel and Mulch)

  • 이석순;김태주
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.84-90
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    • 1986
  • 단옥수수 품종 Great Bell을 3월 5일, 15일, 25일과 4월 4일에 파종하고, 파종기마다 투명 P.E. 필름의 Tunnel, Tunnel slit 및 Mulch가 기온, 지온 및 단옥수수의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향은 다음과 같다. 1. 최고최저기온과 최고최저지온 모두 Tunnel>Tunnel slit> Mulch의 순으로 높았으며 P.E. 필름 처리간 온도차이는 최고기온 및 지온은 컸으나 최저기온 및 지온은 적었다. 2. 4월 하경에 Tunnel내 기온이 4$0^{\circ}C$가 넘어 필름을 열면 Tunnel구의 기온은 Mulch에서와 같으나 지온은 낮았다. Tunnel slit는 필름을 열지 않고 slit수를 증가시켜 고온장해를 피할 수 있었다. 3. 옥수수 유묘기의 저온피해는 Mulch에서는 지상부가 고사하였으나 재생되었고, Tunnel slit에서는 잎의 일부가 피해를 입었으나 Tunnel에서는 피해가없었다. 4. 3월 5일 및 15일 파종에서 Tunnel은 Tunnel slit나 Mulch보다 초기생육과 출사를 촉진시켰으나 고온으로 낮에 필름을 열었던 3월 25일 및 4월 4일 파종에서는 오히 려 지연시켰다. 5. 파종이 늦을수록 파종에서 출사까지 일수가 단축되어 3월 25일 파종에 비하여 3월 5일 및 15일 파종은 출사가 2~3일 빨랐으며 4월 4일 파종은 6~9일 늦었다. 6. 적조위축병은 한기파종에서 이병율이 높았으며, 3월 25 일 및 4월 4 일 파종의 Tunnel slit에서는 생육초기에 필름을 열지 않아 적조위축병 이병율이 Tunnel 이나 Mulch보다 낮았다. 7. 상품성 있는 웅수수는 적조위축병이 심했던 3월 5일 파종의 Mulch를 제외하면 모든 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 조수입은 상품가치가 큰 웅수가 많았던 3월 25일 파종의 Tunnel 및 Tunnel slit와 가격이 높고 웅수가 많았던 3월 5 일 파종의 Tunnel과 Tunnel slit에서 높았다.

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폴리에틸렌필름 멀칭 및 종묘종류가 가을감자의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향 (Influence of Polyethylene Film Mulch and Seedling Types on Growth and tuber Yield of Fall-Grown Potato)

  • 강봉균;강영길;강시용
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제48권3호
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    • pp.147-151
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    • 2003
  • 제주지역에서 상위급 씨감자 가을채종재배 시 폴리에칠렌(PE)멀칭이 감자의 생육 및 수량성에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 일반종서, 경삽 및 소서 플러그묘를 2001년 8월 20일에 직파 또는 정식한 후 무멀칭, 투명 및 흑색 PE멀칭재배를 하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 주당 총서수는 멀칭처리에 큰 영향을 받지 않고 4.6개 내외였으나, 종묘종류별로는 직파구에서 5.14개로 가장 많았고 경삽묘 및 소서묘정식구에서는 각각 4.15, 5.15개였다. 2. 총서수량은 무멀칭구에서 21.16톤/ha이었는데, 투명 및 흑색 PE멀칭에 의하여 각각 16, 8% 증수되었고, 경삽묘정식구가 가장 많았으며 다음으로 소서묘, 직파구 순이었다. 3. 평균서중은 무멀칭구에서 평균 72.2g이었고 투명 및 흑색 PE멀칭에 의하여 각각 14, 12%증가되었는데, 멀칭효과는 경삽묘정식구에서 가장 컸었다.

남부지방에서 초당옥수수의 경제적 파종한계기 (Planting Time for the Economic Yield of a Super Sweet Corn Hybrid in the Southern Part of Korea)

  • 양승규;홍승범;이석순
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제52권3호
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    • pp.325-333
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    • 2007
  • 남부지방에서 초당옥수수의 경제적 재배한계기를 결정하기 위하여 경북 경산에서 "Cambella 90"을 2003년과 2004년 4월 1일부터 10일 간격으로 흑색 P E. film 피복과 노지에서 파종한 후 지온, 생육 및 자수특성을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일 최고지온은 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서 노지보다 낮았지만 최저지온은 높았고, 토양수분은 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서 노지보다 적습수준을 유지하였다. 2. 출아율, 입묘율, 간장 및 상품성 있는 자수수는 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서 노지에서보다 높았다. 3. 파종기가 지연될수록 생육기간이 단축되었다. 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서 노지보다 출수기가 빨랐고, 그 정도는 파종기가 빠를수록 더 컸으며, 수확기의 분포는 $3{\sim}5$일이었다. 4. 초당옥수수 "Cambella 90"의 경제적 조파한계기는 4월 초순, 만파한계기는 6월 20일 경이었다.

생육중반기 피복제거가 작토층의 수분 및 무기성분 변화와 연초양분흡수에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Removing P.E film-Mulch at Budding Stage of Tobacco on the Change of Moisture and Mineral Content in Plow Layer Soil and Nutrient Uptake.)

  • 홍순달;이윤환;김재정;육창수
    • 한국연초학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.69-78
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    • 1986
  • This experiment was carried out to Investigate the environmental changes of rhizosphere, behavior of nutrient components in soul, and nutrients uptake and growth response of the tobacco plant in the condition that mulch as polyethylene film, had been removed on the ridge at the 50th day after transplanting in comparison with continuous mulching condition. The results obtained were as follows; 1. After rainfall, soil moisture content In the plow layer was greatly increased without mulch in comparison with that of the plot with mulch. As a result, leaf water potential of tobacco plant without mulch was higher than that with mulch. 2. Available nutrients such as $NH_4-N, \;NO_3-N$, and total salts in the plow layer of the plot without mulch tended to be Increased, and especially accumulated on the surface layer owing to the redistribution of soil water by rainfall during the latter growth stage after removing mulch. 3. Nutrients uptake by tobacco was much more enhanced in the plot without mulch and resulted in higher contents of total nitrogen, $NO_3-N, \;P_2O_5, \;and K_5O$ in the tobacco leaf Especially higher content of nitrogen caused the delay of maturity resulting In the increased of dry weight of top part of tobacco in the plot without mulch toned to be Increased in comparison with that in mulching condition. Content of total nitrogen, $NO_3-N$, and nicotine in flue-lured leaves was much higher in the plot without. mulch than in mulching condition, but lower content of reducing sugar in the plot without mulch resulted in lower quality of tobacco.

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흑색 P. E. Film 피복에서 초당옥수수의 생육기간을 표시하는 GDD모델 개발 (A GDD Model for Super Sweet Corn Grown under Black P. E. Film Mulch)

  • 이석순;양승규;홍승범
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제53권1호
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    • pp.42-49
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    • 2008
  • 흑색 P E. film 피복과 노지재배에서 초당옥수수를 원하는 시기에 수확할 수 있는 파종기를 결정하는 방법을 찾기 위하여 "Cambella-90"을 4월 1일에서 6월 30일까지 10일 간격으로 파종한 후 파종기와 관계없이 파종에서 수확까지 생육기간을 일정하게 나타낼 수 있는 GDD 모델과 기준온도를 설정하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1, 초당옥수수의 생육기간은 파종기에 따라 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서는 $64{\sim}93$일, 노지에서는 $66{\sim}97$일로 파종기간 CV는 각각 13.8 및 14.2%이었다. 그러나 생육기간을 GDD로 표시하면 최적 기준온도를 적용하였을 때 파종기간 GDD의 CV는 모델에 따라 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서는 $1.1{\sim}2.4%$, 노지에서는 $1.5{\sim}1.8%$이었다. 2. 초당옥수수의 생육기간을 나타내는 가장 적합한 GDD 모델은 파종에서 수확까지 일 최고기온과 최저기온을 합하여 2로 나눈 후 기준온도를 빼서 GDD를 계산하되 일 최고 기온이 $30^{\circ}C$가 넘을 때는 일 최고기온에서 $30^{\circ}C$를 넘는 만큼 $30^{\circ}C$에서 빼어 그 값을 최고기온으로 대치하고, 최저기온이 기준온도 이하일 때는 기준온도로 대치하여 계산하는 방법이었다. 이때 기준온도는 흑색 P. E. film 피복에서는 $9^{\circ}C$, 노지재배에서는 $10^{\circ}C$이었다. 3. 원하는 시기에 수확하기 위한 파종기를 결정하기 위해서는 그 지역의 누적 GDD표를 만들고, 수확 예정일의 누적 GDD에서 그 품종의 GDD를 빼서 그 GDD에 해당되는 일자를 선택하면 된다.

경기지역에서 대두콩에 대한 피복재배효과 (Effects of Early Planting and Polyethylene Mulch on Soil for Early Maturing Soybean in Kyeonggi Area)

  • 송주현;김성기;박경열;김병현;이동우
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.112-118
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    • 1987
  • 경기지역에서의 P.E 피복에 의한 하대두의 조파가능성과 P.E 피복효과를 검토코자 경기ㆍ농촌진흥원에서 혼집선발한 경기 11004를 공시하여 4월 1 일부터 10일 간격으로 4월 30일까지 파종하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 지중온도는 6월 상순까지 P.E 피복에서 1 ~5$^{\circ}C$ 높았으나 6월 중순 이후는 무피복과 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. P.E 피복은 무피복에 비해 토양수분함양이 높았고 토양경도는 낮았다. 3. P.E 피복에 의해 출현기는 5~l6일, 개화기는3~5 일 빨라졌다. 4. 개화기의 건물중, 엽면적지수는 P.E 피복에서 증가되었고 근중 및 근류균은 감소하였다. 5. 개화기 식물체분석 결과 P.E 피복에서 N, P, K의 흡수율이 높았다. 6. 풋콩수량은 무피복 4월 20일 파종(1,389kg/10a)에 비해 P.E 피복 4월 10일, 4월 20일 파종이 각각 12% 증수되었고 소득은 무피복 4월 20일 파종(250천원/10a)에 비해 P.E 피복 4월 1 일, 4월 10 일, 4월 20일 파종에서 각각 70, 83, 20% 높았다. 7. P.E 피복, 무피복 모두 경기지역에서 4월 1일 파종이 가능하였으나 무피복의 경우 년차간 출현율의 차이가 심하여 안전재배를 위해서는 P.E 피복재배가 요망된다.

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Mulching Methods and Removing Dates of Mulch Affects Growth and Post Harvest Quality of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) cv. Uiseong

  • Kwon, Kwon-Seok;Azad, Md. Obyedul Kalam;Hwang, Jae-Moon
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.293-297
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    • 2011
  • This experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of mulching materials and removing time of the transparent polyethylene (PE) film on the growth of garlic at Uiseong experimental field, Korea. The experimental mulching materials comprised of transparent polyethylene film (0.025 mm) and net polyethylene (NPE). Plant height and leaf number of garlic were highest at PE treatment when the PE removing date was March 18 and this treatment also promoted the no. of cloves. Length of leaf sheath and bolting rate were highest and bulb weight loss rate was lowest at PE + NPE treatment when the PE removing date was March 18. But clove number was the lowest in this treatment compared to conventional PE film treatment. Conventional mulching method accelerated secondary growth rate but bulb weight loss was vice versa. There were statistically no differences in bulb diameter among treatments but conventional treatment positively focused on bulb diameter. Whenever PE film remove can suppress weeds compared to no mulching treatment but the dry weight of weeds were increasing trends as the removal dates of PE film were delayed. Transparent PE or PE + NPE treatments can be recommended to grow best quality garlic when PE film removing date is March 18.

Improvement of Shelf-life and Quality in Fresh-Cut Tomato Slices:

  • Hong Ji Heun
    • 한국식품저장유통학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국식품저장유통학회 2004년도 총회및 심포지움
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2004
  • Quality of fresh-cut tomato slices was compared during cold storage under various modified atmosphere packaging conditions. Chilling injury of slices in containers sealed with Film A was higher than with Film B; these films had oxygen transmission rates of 87.4 and 60.0 ml $h^{-1}\;m^{-2}\;atm^{-1}$ at $5^{\circ}C\;and\;99\%$ RH, respectively. While slices in containers with an initial atmospheric composition of air, $4\%\;CO_2+1\;or\;20\%\;O_2,\;8\%\;CO_2+1\;or\;20\%\;O_2,\;or\;12\%\;CO_2+20\%\;O_2$ showed fungal growth, slices in containers with $12\%\;CO_2+1\%\;O_2$ did not. Low ethylene in containers enhanced chilling injury. Modified atmosphere packaging provided good quality tomato slices with a shelf-life of 2 weeks or more at $5^{\circ}C$. Experiments were conducted to compare changes in quality of slices of red tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. 'Sunbeam') fruit from plants grown using black polyethylene or hairy vetch mulches under various foliar disease management systems including: no fungicide applications (NF), a disease forecasting model (Tom-Cast), and weekly fungicide applications (WF), during storage at $5^{\circ}C$ under a modified atmosphere. Slices were analyzed for firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), pH, electrolyte leakage, fungi, yeasts, and chilling injury. With both NF and Tom-Cast fungicide treatments, slices from tomato fruit grown with hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) mulch were firmer than those from tomato fruit grown with black polyethylene mulch after 12 days storage. Ethylene production of slices from fruit grown using hairy vetch mulch under Tom-Cast was about 1.5- and 5-fold higher than that of slices from WF and NF fungicide treatments after 12 days, respectively. The percentage of water-soaked areas (chilling injury) for slices from tomato fruit grown using black polyethylene mulch under NF was over 7-fold that of slices from tomato fruit grown using hairy vetch under Tom-Cast. When stored at $20^{\circ}C$, slices from light-red tomato fruit grown with black polyethylene or hairy vetch mulches both showed a rapid increase in electrolyte leakage beginning 6 hours after slicing. However, slices from tomato fruit grown using the hairy vetch mulch tended to have lower electrolyte leakage than those grown with black polyethylene mulch. These results suggest that tomato fruit from plants grown using hairy vetch mulch may be more suitable for fresh-cut slices than those grown using black polyethylene mulch. Also, use of the disease forecasting model Tom-Cast, which can result in lower fungicide application than is currently used commercially, resulted in high quality fruit for fresh-cut processing. Experiments were conducted to determine if ethylene influences chilling injury, as measured by percentage of slices exhibiting water-soaked areas in fresh-cut tomato slices of 'Mountain Pride' and 'Sunbeam' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Ethylene concentration in containers without ventilation significantly increased during storage at $5^{\circ}C$, whereas little or no accumulation of ethylene occurred in containers with one or six perforations. Chilling injury was greatest for slices in containers with six perforations, compared to slices in containers with one perforation, and was over 13-fold greater than that of slices in control containers with no perforations. An experiment was also performed to investigate the effectiveness of including an ethylene absorbent pad in containers on subsequent ethylene accumulation and chilling injury. While ethylene in the no-pad controls increased continually during storage of both 'Mountain Pride' and 'Sunbeam' tomatoes at $5^{\circ}C$ under modified atmosphere conditions, no increase in accumulation of ethylene was observed in containers containing ethylene absorbent pads throughout storage. The ethylene absorbent pad treatment resulted in a significantly higher percentage of chilling injury compared with the no-pad control. In studies aimed at inhibiting ethylene production using AVG during storage of slices, the concentration of ethylene in control containers (no AVG) remained at elevated levels throughout storage, compared to containers with slices treated with AVG. Chilling injury in slices treated with AVG was 5-fold greater than that of controls. Further, we tested the effect of ethylene pretreatment of slices on subsequent slice shelf-life and quality. In slices treated with ethylene (0, 0.1, 1, or $10\;{mu}L\;L^{-1}$) immediately after slicing, ethylene production in non-treated controls was greater than that of all other ethylene pre-treatments. However, pretreatment of slices 3 days after slicing resulted in a different pattern of ethylene production during storage. Ihe rate of ethylene production by slices treated with 1 L $L^{-1}$ ethylene 3 days after slicing was greater during storage than any of the other ethylene treatments. With slices pre-treated with ethylene, both immediately and 3 days after slicing, the rate of ethylene production tended to show an negative correlation with chilling injury. Chemical name used: 1-aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG).

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