• Macromolecular Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2004

We added surface-modified silica nanoparticles to poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) to investigate their effect on the mechanical properties on the PEN nanocomposite material. The torque and total torque values of the composites decreased in the silica nanoparticle composites. The tensile modulus of the composites reinforced with unmodified silica nanoparticles increased upon increasing the silica content, while the tensile strength and elongation decreased accordingly. In contrast, stearic acid-modified, silica nanoparticle reinforced PEN composites exhibited an increase in elongation and a decrease in tensile modulus upon addition of the silica nanoparticles because the stearic acid that had adsorbed onto the surface of the silica nanoparticle in multilayers could act as a plasticizer during melt compounding. Stearic acid modification had a small effect on the crystallization behavior of the composites. We calculated theoretical values of the tensile modulus using the Einstein, Kerner, and Nielsen equations and compared these values with the experimental data obtained from the composites. The parameters calculated using the Nielsen equation and the Nicolais- Narkis model revealed that the interfacial adhesion between silica nanoparticles and the PEN matrix could be improved.

• 폴리머
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.386-389
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• 2010

Thermal behaviors of water in the poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)/water mixtures with 0.1 M NaCl, HCl, and NaOH were investigated by DSC. It showed that adding ions in the mixtures affected the crystallization of water evidently. Compared with the PAA/water mixtures, the $T_m$ of freezable bound water in the mixtures with ions moved to lower values and varied with different cations and anions, due to the stabilization or destabilization of the hydrogen-bonding hydration between polymers and water molecules through ionic hydration. The content of non-freezable bound water in the non-crystalline phase of the PAA/water mixtures with ions was not constant, it increased with total water content gradually, owing to the more binding sites created by ions. The ions could change the distribution of different states of water in the polymer aqueous solutions evidently.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2001

In order to look for polymeric materials applicable to the oxygen electrode membranes of biosensors, polyurethanes (PUs) were synthesized from poly(butylene succinate) diol (Mn 1150), poly(ethylene glycol) (Mn 200), and 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate). The PUs (Mn 15000-100000) underwent the crystallization and melting transitions in the temperature range of 20-30 $^{\circ}C$ and 90-110 $^{\circ}C$, respectively. The oxygen permeability for the PU membranes prepared by the solution casting method could not be measured since oxygen simply leaked through the membranes with an audible noise. However, when the PUs were blended with carboxylated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC), the permeability could be measured. The oxygen permeability coefficient (Po2) of the PU/CPVC $(96}4)$ membranes (6.4 Barrer) was high enough for the application as the electrode membranes. The Po2 decreased dramatically when the CPVC content increased from 4 to 5 wt%, but decreased very slowly and approached to that of CPVC (~0.26 Barrer) when the CPVC content increased further. The scanning electron micrographs of the membranes revealed that the PU membranes were composed of large crystal grains with many pores, but the size of the PU crystal grains and pores decreased progressively with increasing the CPVC content.

• 폴리머
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.486-495
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• 2001

Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)와 poly(${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone) (PCL) 분자 사슬 사이에 에스테르 교환반응을 이용하여 분해성 폴리에스터인 PBS/PCL copolyesters를 제조하였다. 합성된 공중합체의 열적 성질과 기계적 성질을 시차주사열량계와 인장 실험을 통해 조사하였다. 합성된 copolyester의 교환반응 여부를 $^1H-NMR$를 통해 확인할 수 있었다. PBS/PCL copolyesters의 환원점도는 PBS/PCL (50/50 wt%)를 제외하고 교환반응 시간에 따라 증가하였다. 시차주사열량계로 측정된 copolyester의 용융 거동에서 높은 온도에서 나오는, 즉 PBS에 해당하는 용융피크와 결정화 온도는 교환반응 시간에 따라 낮은 온도 쪽으로 이동하였다. 인장실험 결과로부터 40 wt% 이하의 PCL을 함유하는 공중합체의 파단강도와 파단신율은 순수한 PBS보다 향상되었지만, 50 wt% 이상일 때 파단강도는 결정화도 감소로 인하여 PBS 보다 낮아짐을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 copolyesters의 Young's modulus는 반응시간과 도입된 PCL 양에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2001

여러 조건에서 제조된 poly(ethylene terephthalate) 필름 시편들로부터 열처리 및 냉연신 조건이 시편의 물성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 상온에서 만능시험기을 사용하여 미열처리 및 열처리된 시편들을 0.5에서 500 mm/min의 cross-head 속도로 단계적 연신을 행한 결과, 약 50, 72 및 $129^{\circ}C$에서 열처리된 시편들의 응력-변형 곡선에서는 응력 진동이 발생되지만, 약 $83^{\circ}C$에서 30분 동안 열처리된 시편의 응력-변형 곡선에서는 응력 진동이 발생되지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 시차 주사 열량기를 사용하여 $10^{\circ}C$/min의 승온 속도에서 열분석을 행하였고, 시편들의 유리전이온도, 결정화 피크, 용융 잠열, 결정화도를 측정하였다. 1 Hz의 주파수대에서 $1.5^{\circ}C$/min의 승온 속도로 multiple-function internal friction pendulum으로 시편들의 동적 기계분석도 수행하였으며, 미열처리, 열처리 및 연신 시편들의 순서대로 탄성계수 값이 증가함을 알 수 있었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.76-83
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• 1997

열방성 액정고분자(TLCP)와 폴리(에틸렌 테레프탈레이트)를 혼합용매 중에서 블렌딩하였으며, 이들 블렌드는 capillary rheometer die를 통하여 $287^{\circ}C$에서 섬유상 압출물로 가공되었다. 블렌드와 제조된 복합재료의 열적 성질, 기계적 성질, 모폴로지는 DSC, 편광현미경, SEM 및 인장시험에 의하여 조사되었다. 블렌드의 결정화 동력학은 등온 DSC 방법에 의하여 측정된 데이타로부터 Avrami식을 이용하여 결정화 속도 및 결정성장 메카니즘에 대한 정보를 얻었다. 블렌드내의 액정상은 가공온도조건하에서 거대상분킥나 열분해현상을 보이지 않았으며, 액체질소 속에서 절단된 섬유 단면의 SEM 관찰에 의하면, 섬유내 TLCP domain은 $0.1{\mu}m$에서 $0.2{\mu}m$정도의 크기로 분산되었고, 두 상 계면에서의 접착은 잘 되어있음을 알 수 있었다. TLCP/PET in-situ 섬유상 복합재료의 인장강도와 모듈러스는 TLCP 함량이 많을수록, draw ratio가 높을수록 증가됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.189-198
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• 2017

본 연구는 수처리 분리막에 제조하기 위하여 열유도 상분리법(thermally induced phase separation, TIPS)을 이용하였고, 기계적 물성과 내화학성이 우수한 폴리플루오르화비닐리덴(poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)) 고분자와 실리카를 이용하여 특성평가를 진행하였다. 특성평가에 사용된 희석제는 dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP)를 사용하였으며, PVDF와 실리카의 비율에 따른 분리막 제조 조건을 알아보기 위하여 결정화 온도, 흐림점, SEM 이미지 등을 관찰하였다. 실리카의 함량이 증가할수록 결정화 온도와 흐림점이 증가하였음을 확인하였고, 상평형도 작도를 통하여 분리막 제조 조건을 확인하였다.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2004

Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)와 epoxy diacrylate(EDA) 및 금속염인 LiClO_4$를 블렌드하고 자외선 가교시킴으로써 이온전도특성을 나타내는 고체 전해질을 제조하고, 제조된 전해질의 이온 전도도를 블렌드조성 염농도 및 온도 변화에 따가 측정하였다. PEO/EDA의 조성비가 70/30 wt%이고 ethylene $oxide/Li^+$의 몰비가 10인 전해질이 $25^{\circ}C$에서 $1.2{\times}10^{-5} S/cm$에 달하는 높은 이온전도도를 나타내었다. 제조된 전해질 필름은 투명하였으며 고무와 같은 탄성을 나타내었다. DSC, XRD 및 편광현미경을 이용한 모폴로지 분석으로부터 에폭시 사슬이 PEO의 결정화를 억제함으로써 완전히 무정형인 블렌드를 제조할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.68-68
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• 2001

Thin films of polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) is a promising material for use in large-area electronic devices. Especially, the poly-Si can be used in high resolution and integrated active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs) and active matrix organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLEDs) because of its high mobility compared to hydrogenated _amorphous silicon (a-Si:H). A number of techniques have been proposed during the past several years to achieve poly-Si on large-area glass substrate. However, the conventional method for fabrication of poly-Si could not apply for glass instead of wafer or quartz substrate. Because the conventional method, low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) has a high deposition temperature ($600^{\circ}C-1000^{\circ}C$) and solid phase crystallization (SPC) has a high annealing temperature ($600^{\circ}C-700^{\circ}C$). And also these are required time-consuming processes, which are too long to prevent the thermal damage of corning glass such as bending and fracture. The deposition of silicon thin films on low-cost foreign substrates has recently become a major objective in the search for processes having energy consumption and reaching a better cost evaluation. Hence, combining inexpensive deposition techniques with the growth of crystalline silicon seems to be a straightforward way of ensuring reduced production costs of large-area electronic devices. We have deposited crystalline poly-Si thin films on soda -lime glass and SiOz glass substrate as deposited by PVD at low substrate temperature using high power, magnetron sputtering method. The epitaxial orientation, microstructual characteristics and surface properties of the films were analyzed by TEM, XRD, and AFM. For the electrical characterization of these films, its properties were obtained from the Hall effect measurement by the Van der Pauw measurement.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1261-1262
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• 2008

Laser-based crystallization techniques are ideally-suited for forming high-quality crystalline Si films on active-matrix display backplanes, because the highly-localized energy deposition allows for transformation of the as-deposited a-Si without damaging high-temperature-intolerant glass and plastic substrates. However, certain significant and non-trivial attributes must be satisfied for a particular method and implementation to be considered manufacturing-worthy. The crystallization process step must yield a Si microstructure that permits fabrication of thin-film transistors with sufficient uniformity and performance for the intended application and, the realization and implementation of the method must meet specific requirements of viability, robustness and economy in order to be accepted in mass production environments. In recent years, Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon (LTPS) has demonstrated its advantages through successful implementation in the application spaces that include highly-integrated active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs), cost competitive AMLCDs, and most recently, active-matrix organic light-emitting diode displays (AMOLEDs). In the mobile display market segment, LTPS continues to gain market share, as consumers demand mobile devices with higher display performance, longer battery life and reduced form factor. LTPS-based mobile displays have clearly demonstrated significant advantages in this regard. While the benefits of LTPS for mobile phones are well recognized, other mobile electronic applications such as portable multimedia players, tablet computers, ultra-mobile personal computers and notebook computers also stand to benefit from the performance and potential cost advantages offered by LTPS. Recently, significant efforts have been made to enable robust and cost-effective LTPS backplane manufacturing for AMOLED displays. The majority of the technical focus has been placed on ensuring the formation of extremely uniform poly-Si films. Although current commercially available AMOLED displays are aimed primarily at mobile applications, it is expected that continued development of the technology will soon lead to larger display sizes. Since LTPS backplanes are essentially required for AMOLED displays, LTPS manufacturing technology must be ready to scale the high degree of uniformity beyond the small and medium displays sizes. It is imperative for the manufacturers of LTPS crystallization equipment to ensure that the widespread adoption of the technology is not hindered by limitations of performance, uniformity or display size. In our presentation, we plan to present the state of the art in light sources and beam delivery systems used in high-volume manufacturing laser crystallization equipment. We will show that excimer-laser-based crystallization technologies are currently meeting the stringent requirements of AMOLED display fabrication, and are well positioned to meet the future demands for manufacturing these displays as well.