• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the potential health impacts and improve the quality of the free immunization program in Jinju City by maximizing the predicted positive health gains and minimizing the negative health risks. Methods: A steering committee was established in September 2010 to carry out the health impact assessment (HIA) and began the screening and scoping stages. In the appraisal stage, analysis of secondary data, a literature review, case studies, geographic information systems analysis, a questionnaire, and expert consultations were used. The results of the data collection and analyses were discussed during a workshop, after which recommendations were finalized in a written report. Results: Increased access to immunization, comprehensive services provided by physicians, the strengthened role of the public health center in increasing immunization rates and services, and the ripple effect to other neighboring communities were identified as potential positive impacts. On the other hand, the program might be inaccessible to rural regions with no private clinics where there are more at-risk children, vaccine management and quality control at the clinics may be poor, and vaccines may be misused. Recommendations to maximize health gains and minimize risks were separately developed for the public health center and private clinics. Conclusions: The HIA provided an opportunity for stakeholders to comprehensively overview the potential positive and negative impacts of the program before it was implemented. An HIA is a powerful tool that should be used when developing and implementing diverse health-related policies and programs in the community.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.295-304
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• 2015

Background: While attention has been paid to physical risks in the work environment and the promotion of individual employee health, mental health protection and promotion have received much less focus. Psychosocial risk management has not yet been fully incorporated in such efforts. This paper presents good practices in promoting mental health in the workplace in line with World Health Organization (WHO) guidance by identifying barriers, opportunities, and the way forward in this area. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 experts who were selected on the basis of their knowledge and expertise in relation to good practice identified tools. Interviewees were asked to evaluate the approaches on the basis of the WHO model for healthy workplaces. Results: The examples of good practice for Workplace Mental Health Promotion (WMHP) are in line with the principles and the five keys of the WHO model. They support the third objective of the WHO comprehensive mental health action plan 2013-2020 for multisectoral implementation of WMHP strategies. Examples of good practice include the engagement of all stakeholders and representatives, science-driven practice, dissemination of good practice, continual improvement, and evaluation. Actions to inform policies/legislation, promote education on psychosocial risks, and provide better evidence were suggested for higher WMHP success. Conclusion: The study identified commonalities in good practice approaches in different countries and stressed the importance of a strong policy and enforcement framework as well as organizational responsibility for WMHP. For progress to be achieved in this area, a holistic and multidisciplinary approach was unanimously suggested as a way to successful implementation.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.65-82
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• 2021

This study utilizes the IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) method to assess the importance, possibility, and urgency of using blockchain technology for fisheries sectors and the related policies. Based on a field survey targeting experts and stakeholders in the fisheries and blockchain technology sectors, the following major results and corresponding implications are drawn. First of all, the respondents of our survey have an outlook that the introduction and utilization of blockchain will be required in four major parts. These parts include i) the seafood' information system managed by the government or public institutions, ii) traceability and certification process for domestic and foreign seafoods, iii) meeting the need of seafood safety from consumers, and iv) taking prompt actions to seafood safety related accidents. Next, the seafood information system managed by the government or public institutions has been limited in maintaining information consistency and continuity once the fisheries ministries and departments are integrated, closed or partially transferred. Thus, it is assessed that the technology will be able to improve consistency and continuity of the seafood information in case of applying blockchain to the seafood information management system. This result that blockchain is necessary for the seafood information system have a significant implication in Korea's seafood management which has been independently controlled until now. Lastly, the application of blockchain to seafood traceability and certification systems has the most well-known cases through international and domestic pilot projects, and the results of our survey reflect this reality. Our results contribute to showing an additonal characteristics of blockchain in the fisheries sector, resulting in the possiblity that blockchain can be used for taking swift steps in the event of seafood safety accidents and meeting the need of seafood consumers for safety.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.56-67
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• 2021

Educational program evaluation can improve the quality of the curriculum, instructional methods, and resources and provide useful data for making educational decisions and policies. Developing and implementing a program evaluation system is essential in competency-based medical education. The purpose of this study was to explore and establish an educational program evaluation system adapting an integrated program evaluation model to promote competency-based medical education. First, an Educational Evaluation Committee was organized, consisting of faculty, staff members, and students. The committee established an integrated program evaluation model, combining Stufflebeam's Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model of a process-oriented approach and Kirkpatrick's four-level model of an outcome-oriented approach. Kirkpatrick's model was applied to the product evaluation of the CIPP model. The committee then developed evaluation criteria, indicators, and data collection methods according to the components of the CIPP model and the four levels (reaction, learning, behavior, and results) of Kirkpatrick's model, and collected and analyzed data. Finally, the committee reported the results of evaluation to a Medical Education Quality Improvement Committee, and the results were used to improve the curriculum and student selection. To enhance the quality of education, identifying educational deficiencies and developing various elements of education in a balanced way through educational evaluation will be needed. Furthermore, it will be necessary to listen to opinions of various stakeholders, work with all members involved in education, and communicate with decision-makers in the process of educational evaluation.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2023

With the OTT media market growing rapidly, the significance of trustworthy data verification and certification cannot be emphasized enough. This study delves into the crucial need for such measures in South Korea, exploring the steps involved, the technological and policy-related considerations, and the challenges that may arise once these measures are put into place. Drawing on in-depth interviews and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), this study surveyed various stakeholder groups, both directly and indirectly related to OTT data authentication and certification. By assessing the severity of OTT data-related issues and identifying the requirements for reliability-improvement policies, participants shared their valuable insights and opinions on this pressing matter. The survey results clearly indicate a divided opinion among stakeholders and industry experts on the reliability of OTT data, with some expressing trust while others remain skeptical. However, there was a consensus that advertising-based AVOD is more reliable than SVOD. By analyzing the priorities of authentication and verification, this study paves the way for the establishment and operation of a Korean MRC (KMRC), centered on the OTT media industry. The KMRC will serve as a vital platform for ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of OTT data in South Korea, providing businesses and industry players with a reliable source of information for informed decision-making. This study highlights the pressing need for reliable data authentication and certification in the rapidly growing OTT media market, and provides a persuasive case for the establishment of a KMRC in South Korea to meet this critical need.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2024

Forest fire is one of the major disasters occurring in Nepal causing huge loss to the ecosystem, people and economy. They are mainly caused due to different anthropogenic activities. In Nepal, the forest fires occur during the dry season mainly from March to May. Nepal has roughly 29.5 percent forest area that are prone to forest fires and it is estimated that about 375 thousand hectares of forest were burned over one and half decade from 2000-2014. The forest fire risk is higher in the Terai and Siwalik regions than in any other region. To prevent and mitigate the forests fire incidences, the Government of Nepal has formulated and executed different policy instruments. In this regard, this paper aims to review the implementation of policies, strategies, Acts and regulations related to forest fire management at different levels of governance. Although federal and provincial governments' different policy instruments have considered forest fire and its management, these are not effectively implemented. It is not prioritized in terms of resource allocation, institutional capacity building, disaster preparedness and early warning. In addition, there are unclear and overlapping roles and responsibilities among three tiers of governments to effectively implement the policy provisions. Considering the consequences of the forest fire, governments at different levels need to devise an effective mechanism involving all stakeholders for implementing preventive and curative activities, strengthen institutions and build the capacity of human resources, and increase the level of resource allocation to implement the provisions of various legal and policy instruments.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.707-718
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• 2021

Background and objective: Due to the recent crisis of extinction in local areas, the mountain village promotion policy is recognized as an important task. This study examined the priorities of major policy projects in the forest sector that affect mountain village promotion. Methods: For research methods, literature search, expert advisory meetings, and a survey were conducted. The survey was conducted on 42 policy stakeholders from June 1 to August 13, 2021. The literature search was based on policy projects in the forest sector by 8 upper-level local governments including mountain villages. For questionnaire items, 173 forest policy projects were classified into 27 types through expert review, and the importance and performance of each type were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Paired t-test, IPA, Locus for Focus model, and Borich needs assessment were used as the analysis methods, and the statistical program SPSS 21.0 was used as the analytical tool. Results: The results showed that 'creating forest-related jobs' and 'supporting cultivation of professional forestry workers' both showed high importance and performance, implying that they would show an effect in mountain village promotion. 'Creating forests for environmental improvement', 'discovering forest cultural assets' 'establishing and boosting forest tourism', 'providing forest therapy services', 'creating forest-related jobs', 'supporting community revitalization', and 'urban-rural exchanges' were found to be the types that needed improvement and concentration for mountain village promotion. In particular, 'creating forests for environmental improvement' and 'discovering forest cultural assets' were derived as priority considerations for mountain village promotion policies. Conclusion: In summary, it was found that in order to promote mountain villages, various content projects must be improved and carried out to enhance the physical environment and revitalize mountain villages.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.335-345
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• 2010

This paper assessed environmental impacts of marine sand mining on coastal areas and Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of Korea, and diagnosed problems of the related assessment statements for suggesting key assessment items (scoping) and system improvement. To mitigate conflicts and environmental impacts caused by large-scale, concentrated sand mining, we suggest it is critical to promote sustainable and eco-friendly utilization of marine resources while listening opinions from various stakeholders and analyzing alternative plans. Especially, it should be mandatory as a scoping item to provide verifiable data on the amount of sand, potential and accumulative impacts by mining, and key assessment items (e.g. erosion and sedimentation by submarine topography, benthic change, spreading of suspended solids, water pollution, grain-size change, and impact on fisheries resources). We also suggest that postassessment and monitoring should be improved to enable tracking of environmental impacts caused by sand mining through seasonal monitoring together with intermittent short-term surveys. In addition, effective measures to mitigate the impacts is also essential. As repeated sand mining at large-scale can damage marine ecosystems by long-term accumulated impacts, we suggest that assessment systems and regulatory policies should be developed and established, especially for ensuring reliability of assessment and review on selected major sandmining projects.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3533-3540
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• 2016

Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the leading global causes of premature and preventable death. In Brunei Darussalam, smoking-related diseases have been a primary cause of mortality for the past three decades. Despite the increasing efforts that have been made in recent years to reduce the consumption of tobacco products in Brunei, the prevalence of adolescent smoking cigarette, however has risen alarmingly, from 8.9% in 2013 to 11.4% in 2014, with a higher prevalence found in males (17.8%) than in females (4.8%). In response to the need for more effective smoking prevention programmes in Brunei, this study sought to explore factors that influence Bruneian male adolescents to start and continue smoking. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study using focus group discussions (FGDs) as the data collection method was conducted from October to November 2015. A total of 43 studentss, comprising 31 smokers and 12 non-smokers, aged 13-17 years, from two government secondary schools in Bandar Seri Begawan, participated in six FGDs. Discussions were recorded and translated. Transcripts were entered into NVivo10, before thematic analysis was conducted. Results: We identified three themes under the core construct of 'factors influencing smoking initiation' ('family as teachers', 'overt pressure from peers' and 'perceived smoking has many advantages') and three themes under the core construct of 'factors influencing smoking continuation' ('craving and addiction', 'smoking as a 'social activity' and 'easy accessibility of cigarettes'). Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that future prevention activities should be embedded in a comprehensive approach, involving all stakeholders within a community, and should be focused towards bringing a change in smoking and parenting behavior of parents, social norms within the culture towards all population levels, and at strengthening the existing non-smoking policies in schools and other public places where young people congregate.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.106-119
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• 2024

의약품 부족은 전 세계적으로 보건학적 위험을 초래할 수 있는 문제이다. 본 연구의 목적은 미국, 캐나다, 일부 유럽 국가에서 국가의 의약품 부족에 대응하는 정책을 비교하고, 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 'drug shortage'와 'stock-out'와 같은 키워드를 사용하여 검색엔진과 구글학술검색을 통해 검색된 보고서 및 논문들을 검토하였다. 미국은 의약품 제조 중단에 대한 보고시스템을 구축하고, 의약품 공급망 관리의 중요성을 강조하고 있다. 또한 의약품 부족에 대한 대응체계를 마련하고자, 정부부처와 민간기관 간 의약품 부족 테스크포스를 설립했다. 캐나다는 중앙 및 지방 정부, 민간 부문의 대표를 참여시켜 의약품 부족에 관한 이해관계자 운영위원회를 설립하고, 의약품 부족 문제에 대해 단계적 접근방식을 채택하고 있다. 유럽의약품청(European Medicines Agency)은 2019년 유럽 경제 지역(European Economic Area)의 의약품 부족 커뮤니케이션에 대한 지침을 발표하였다. 외국에서는 의약품 부족을 모니터링하고 적시에 대응하기 위해 다양한 이해관계자 간의 의사소통에 중점을 두고 있다는 점을 확인하였다. 국내에서도 의약품 수급불안정 문제가 지속되는 만큼, 전담조직을 구성하고 가이드라인을 마련하며, 정부, 제약사, 의약품 유통사 등 민간부문의 협의와 조정을 통해 문제를 개선하는 것이 필요하다.