• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.261-272
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate a nutrition education program for middle aged men at a worksite. To be read easily, induce interest, and selected at need, seven 6-page leaflet aets were developed, which was the most preferable from chosen by the subjects. The contents of leaflet set were [Changing life style], [Good food habit],[Weight control and diet],[Cardiovascualr disease and diet], [Alimentary disease and diet],[Diaabetes and diet],and [Liver disease and diet]. Nutrition education was provided for 61 middle aged men(30 professors, 31 office workers) at a worksite from 40 mins to one hour. And the level of nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude were tested to evaluate the effects of the nutrition education program with a developed leaflet set before and after nutrition education. After the nutrition deucation. the nutrition knowledge score had increased significantly at p<0.001, from average 9.3 point to 11.4 point. The level of nutrition knowledge was increased significantly at p<0.001, and the prevalence of misconceptions and the uncertainty of knowledge were decreased significantly at p<0.05. There was a significant difference between professors and office workers both before and after the program. Also, there was a significant increase in the attitude about nutrition score after the program and this means that the subjects were flexibly more open minded about nutrition than before(from 39.9 point, at p<0.001). The difference in the nutrition attitude score between professors and office workers was not significant both before and after the nutrition deucation. The developed leaflet set was evaluated very positively in understanding, interest, timing, and usage by the subjects.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1976

A study on the effect of the pH of precipitation on the acid consuming capacity, aging stability, physical and chemical properties of hydrous aluminum oxide prepared by the reaction of aluminum chloride and ammonium hydroxide solution was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction, IR spectra and differential thermal analysis. The results from these experiments are as follows: 1. Hydrous aluminum oxide precipitated at lower pH showed better acid consuming capacity, higher stability and more anion contained in the structure than that prepared at higher pH. 2. The hydrous aluminum oxide prepared at lower pH is amorphous and that prepared at higher pH is crystalline hydrated hydrous aluminum oxide, i.e., Bayerite and these results are conformed to Rhee's hypothesis. 3. The rate of loss of reactivity and the end-point reactivity are related to the pH of precipitation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.117-128
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to find fitness of brassiere by means of body measuring value, its variation volume, the evaluation of perceptive image, and the evaluation of the sense of wearing. The results were as follows; 1) According to comparison for body measuring value before and after wearing brassiere, bust point (B.P.) height, lower bust height, upper chest circumference, chest circumference, and bust depth are increased, and lower chest circumference, bust point breadth, shoulder middle point - B.P., B.P. -under bust, and cup horizontal girth are decreased. 2) The difference of variation volume by material is not accepted. The part above $20\%$ at variation rate is under the region of the armpit, that is, the region connected arm from the back. 3) The subjects replied that they wore the brassiere in order to compensate the breast and needed to wear it regardless of thiness and obesity. They wore the brassiere in order to dress themselves in good shape, and felt that it put pressure upon the body, while it had nothing to do with adjusting bodily temperature and gave the sense of security. 4) The estimate of the sense of wearing by material is recognized as the difference of the attention at attentive level $1\%$. The multiple factor analysis of each item in the sense of wearing showed that the items which are explained over $90\%$ by common factors are '1. Unpreasant in touch', '2. The part of edge is haggard', '15. Not to be fit'.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2019

Objective: To investigate the effects of reversing the coiling direction of nickel-titanium closed-coil springs (NiTi-CCSs) on the force-deflection characteristics. Methods: The samples consisted of two commercially available conventional NiTi-CCS groups and two reverse-wound NiTi-CCS groups (Ormco-Conventional vs. Ormco-Reverse; GAC-Conventional vs. GAC-Reverse; n = 20 per group). The reverse-wound NiTi-CCSs were directly made from the corresponding conventional NiTi-CCSs by reversing the coiling direction. Tensile tests were performed for each group in a temperature-controlled acrylic chamber ($37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). After measuring the force level, the range of the deactivation force plateau (DFP) and the amount of mechanical hysteresis (MH), statistical analyses were performed. Results: The Ormco-Reverse group exhibited a significant shift of the DFP end point toward the origin point (2.3 to 0.6 mm), an increase in the force level (1.2 to 1.3 N) and amount of MH (1.0 to 1.5 N) compared to the Ormco-Conventional group (all p < 0.001), which indicated that force could be constantly maintained until the end of the deactivation curve. In contrast, the GAC-Reverse group exhibited a significant shift of the DFP-end point away from the origin point (0.2 to 3.3 mm), a decrease in the force level (1.1 to 0.9 N) and amount of MH (0.6 to 0.4 N) compared to the GAC-Conventional group (all p < 0.001), which may hinder the maintenance of force until the end of the deactivation curve. Conclusions: The two commercially available NiTi-CCS groups exhibited different patterns of change in the force-deflection characteristics when the coiling direction was reversed.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.679-694
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• 2002

New fixed point theorems of the authors are used to establish the existence of one (or more) C[0, $infty$) solutions to the nonlinear integral inclusion $y(t)\in{\int_0}^{\infty}K(t,s)F(s,y(s))ds\;for\;t\in[0,\infty)$.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.96-110
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to develop soil salt prediction model for the estimation of irrigation water requirements for dry field crops in reclaimed tidelands. The simulation model based on water balance equation, salt balance equation, and salt storage equation was developed for daily prediction of sa]t concentration in root zone. The data obtained from field measurement during the growing period of tomato were used to evaluate the applicability of this model. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1.The optimum irrigation point which maximizes the crop yield in reclaimed tidelands of silt loam soil while maintaining the salt concentration within the tolerance level, ws found to be pF 1.6, and total irrigation requirement after transplanting was 602mm(6.7 mm/day)for tomato. 2.When the irrigation point was pF 1.6, the deviation between predicted and measured salt concentration was less than 4 % at the significance level of 1 7% 3.Since the deviations between predicted and measured values data decrease as the amount of irrigation water increases, the proposed model appear to be more suitable for use in reclaimed tidelands. 4.The amount of irrigation water estimated by the simulation model was 7.2mm/day in the average for cultivating tomato at the optimum irrigation point of pF 1.6.The simulation model proposed in this study can be generalized by applying it to other crops. This, model, also, could be further improved and extended to estimate desalinization effects in reclaimed tidelands by including meteorological effect, capillary phenomenon, and infiltration.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 석탄광산 배수(CMD)를 전기정화법으로 처리 시 발생되는 슬러지를 흡착제로 금속광산 산성배수(AMD)중 중금속 처리 시 pH와 온도변화에 따른 중금속 흡착 거동을 연구하고자 하였다. 실험결과 CMDS의 pH$_{zero\;point\; charge}$:(pH$_{zpc}$)는 5로 나타났다. pH영향의 경우 구리, 아연, 카드뮴, 철은 pH 증가에 따라 제거율은 증가하였고, 구리의 경우 흡착량은 pH와 상관없이 0.64 mg g$^{-1}$ sludge로 나타났다. pH 5 이상일 때 기타 중금속 흡착량은 pH3일 때의 1.1 배로 나타났고 크롬의 경우 pH 7 이상에서 다소 증가하였는데 이는 크롬이 $Cr(OH)_{6}^{3-}$형태로 미량 용출되었기 때문이다. 온도의 영향에서 pH3일때 온도증가에 따라 중금속 흡착량은 증가하였고, 선택도Cd>Fe>Zn>Cu순으로 나타났다. pH 5이상에서 최대 흡착량(q$_{max}$)은 Cu와 Zn의 경우 각각 2.747mg g$^{-1}$와 2.525mg g$^{-1}$로 더 이상의 흡착이 일어나지 않아 온도의 영향을 받지 않은 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 유당분해율에 따른 저지방우유의 이화학적 특성을 비교해 보고자 하였으며, 유당 함량과 빙점 값의 상관 공식을 도출하여 유당분해 제조공정상 유당분해 정도를 쉽고 빠르게 예측하고자 하였다. 우유의 빙점은 특히 유당 함량과 염류와 같은 미네랄의 변화에 따라 큰 영향을 받는다고 알려져 있는데, 본 실험에서도 $10^{\circ}C$에서 시간이 경과함에 따라 유당이 서서히 분해되고 빙점 값도 함께 떨어짐을 확인하였다. 따라서, y=-50.416x+767.91($R^2=0.9866$, x값은 유당함량(g/100 mL), y값은 빙점 값(m $^{\circ}C$))과 같은 상관식을 도출하였다. 단, 유당분해우유의 제조공정, 분해조건, 원유의 특성에 따라 다소 차이는 있을 수 있으나, 공정 표준화된 제품에는 쉽게 적용할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 유당분해우유는 살균 방법 또는 장기간 저장 중에 마일라드 반응, 갈변화, 풍미 등에 영향을 받는다고 알려져 있으나, 이화학적 특성 분석 결과에서 유당분해율에 따른 샘플 간의 우유 단백질, 유지방, 무지유 고형분, 총 고형분, pH, 산도 값에 유의 차는 없었다(p<0.05). 또한, 색도 값과 입자 크기에서도 유당분해율에 따른 샘플 간 다소 차이는 있으나, 뚜렷한 경향은 보이지 않았다. 단, 유지방 함량에 따른 입자크기는 유의적인 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 본 연구에서는 유당분해율에 따른 저지방우유의 품질 특성을 파악할 때, 장기간 보관 중에 따른 이화학적 변화를 살펴보지 않았다는데 한계가 있다. 따라서, 향후 유당분해우유 품질에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요인인 저장 기간을 달리한 이화학적 특성을 살펴 제품에 다양하게 적용할 수 있는 방안을 모색하면 좋을 것으로 사료된다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the degree of Positive psychological capital, Organizational commitment, Customer orientation of clinical nurses, and to identify correlations between these variables. Methods: Participants were 230 nurses working in three hospitals located in Seoul. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson Correlation, and Multiple Regression. Results: Mean scores were 3.32 (5 point scale) for Positive psychological capital, 3.03 (5 point scale) for Organizational commitment, 3.71 (5 point scale) for Customer orientation. Positive psychological capital correlated positively with Organizational commitment (r=.29, p<.001) and Customer orientation (r=.58, p<.001). Organizational commitment correlated positively with Customer orientation (r=.28, p<.001). Positive psychological capital had a significant influence on Customer orientation. and these combinations explained 34.2% of the variance in Customer orientation (F=25.68, p<.001). Organizational commitment had a mediating effect between Positive psychological capital and Customer orientation. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest a need for strategies to improve Customer orientation by enhancing the Positive psychological capital of nurses. Furthermore, study to develop and apply a Positive psychological capital promotion program should be conducted.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.731-738
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• 2000

본 연구의 목적은 재생된 니켈-티타늄 호선의 3점 굴곡물성의 변화를 조사하여, 임상적으로 니켈-티타늄 호선을 재생하여 사용하는 것이 타당한지를 알아보는 것이다. 4종의 니켈-티타늄 호선(Align, NiTi, Optimallo, Sentalloy)을 처리전(T0: 대조군)과 인공타액에 4주간 처리한 군(T1), 그리고 인공타액 처리 후 가압증기 멸균소독한 군(T2)으로 구분하여 3점 굴곡실험을 하였다. 3mm 변형시의 loading force, unloading force, hysteresis와 1mm 변형시의 loading, unloading force, stress hysteresis의 변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Align은 재생 (T2)후에 3mm 변형시의 loading force, unloding force가 통계적으로 유의성 있게 증가하였다(loading force: p,0.05, unloading force:p<0.01). NiTi, Optimmalloy, Sentalloy에서는 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이가 보이지 않았다. 2. Align은 재생(T2)후에 hysteresis가 통계적으로 유의성 있게 감소하였다(p<0.01). NiTi, Optimmalloy, Sentalloy에서는 통계적으로 유의성있는 차이가 보이지 않았다. 3. 모든 호선에서 1mm 변형시의 loading force는 재생(T2)후에 통계적으로 유의성있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 4. Align은 재생(T2)후에 1mm 변형시의 unloading force가 통계적으로 유의성있게 증가하였다(p<0.05). NiTi, Optimmalloy, Sentalloy에서는 통계적으로 유의성있는 차이가 보이지 않았다. 5. Align의 loading force와 unloading force는 T1과 T0는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, T2와 T0사이에 유의성 있는 차이가 있었다(각각 p<0.05, p<0.01). 6. Align은 T1에서 pseudoelasticity가 감소하고, T2에서는 pseudoplasticity와 pseudoelasticity가 감소하였다.