• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제15권10호
• /
• pp.2113-2120
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 셀 경계지역 사용자의 스펙트럼 효율성 향상을 위하여 3GPP LTE-A (Long-Term Evolution-Advanced) 시스템에서 논의되는 셀 간 협력 전송기법 중 하나인 CoMP (Coordinated Multi-Point) 시스템을 소개하고, 성능 검증을 위해 시스템 레벨 시뮬레이터를 개발한다. 셀 간 협력 전송 시 시스템의 성능 개선 정도를 확인하기 위하여 기존 이동통신 시스템 중 가장 높은 성능을 보이는 3GPP LTE-A 시스템을 참조 시스템으로 선정하여 성능 비교를 수행한다. CoMP 시스템 레벨 시뮬레이션은 널리 사용되고 있는 OPNET을 기반으로 하는데, 셀 간 협력 전송 시스템 설계를 바탕으로 CU (Central Unit), CeNB (CoMP eNodeB), UE (User Equipment), MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) 채널 모델 등의 모듈을 구현한다. WINNER 무선 채널 모델 및 ITU (International Telecommunication Union) 네트워크 모델 환경을 통하여 하위 5%의 스펙트럼 효율성을 가지는 셀 가장자리 사용자의 성능을 검증할 때, 3GPP LTE-A 참조 시스템 대비 제안한 CoMP 시스템의 용량이 약 2.5배 정도 증가하였음을 보인다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.355-361
• /
• 2019

Serratia marcescens 2354(ATCC 25419) 균주로부터 추출한 붉은 색소는 prodigiosin (PG)이었고, 이를 methanol에 녹여 자외선 및 가시광선 흡수 스펙트라를 측정한 결과 537 nm의 최대흡수파장 (${\lambda}_{max}$)을 갖는 산성용액에서의 전형적인 PG의 흡수 스펙트라이었다. 또한 methanol 용액에서 PG의 농도를 $1.0{\times}10-5M$에서 $9.0{\times}10-5M$로 증가시키면, 537 nm의 흡수강도는 증가하고 467 nm의 흡수강도는 감소하였으며, 500 nm에서 isosbestic point가 관측되었다. 이러한 현상은 537 nm와 467 nm가 각각 산과 염기용액에서의 PG 흡수대이고, 500 nm의 isosbestic point 등을 고려하면 가역적 산-염기 평형반응에 의한 결과라고 볼 수 있다. 한편 pH, 4.75의 acetic acid 완충용액에서 PG의 농도를 $6.0{\times}10^{-4}M$에서 $1.0{\times}10^{-4}M$로 감소시키면 500 nm에서 ${\lambda}_{max}$를 가지는 새로운 흡수대가 나타난다. 이 흡수대는 pH 4.75의 수용액에서만 나타나는 것으로 같은 pH의 순수한 methanol 용액에서는 나타나지 않는다. 이는 PG 분자가 $H_2O$에 의해 ${\alpha}$-이성질체에서 ${\beta}$-이성질체로의 전환에 기인하는 것이다. 즉 PG의 색변화는 용액의 농도 및 용매의 특성에 의해서도 일어날 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• 제25권1_2호
• /
• pp.435-443
• /
• 2007

Computing the interior spectrum of large sparse generalized eigenvalue problems $Ax\;=\;{\lambda}Bx$, where A and b are large sparse and SPD(Symmetric Positive Definite), is often required in areas such as structural mechanics and quantum chemistry, to name a few. Recently, CG-type methods have been found useful and hence, very amenable to parallel computation for very large problems. Also, as in the case of linear systems proper choice of preconditioning is known to accelerate the rate of convergence. After the smallest eigenpair is found we use the orthogonal deflation technique to find the next m-1 eigenvalues, which is also suitable for parallelization. This offers advantages over Jacobi-Davidson methods with partial shifts, which requires re-computation of preconditioner matrx with new shifts. We consider as preconditioners Incomplete LU(ILU)(0) in two variants, ever-relaxation(SOR), and Point-symmetric SOR(SSOR). We set m to be 5. We conducted our experiments on matrices from discretizations of partial differential equations by finite difference method. The generated matrices has dimensions up to 4 million and total number of processors are 32. MPI(Message Passing Interface) library was used for interprocessor communications. Our results show that in general the Multi-Color ILU(0) gives the best performance.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 1997

300mm F/4.0 telephotolens with diffractive hybrid lens was designed, and its optical performance was tested and compared with a traditional lens system. DOE(Diffractive Optical Element) reconstructs wavefronts using wave phenomena of light to focus the incident light onto the focal point and has negative Abbe number while a traditional lens uses geometrical phenomena of light and has positive Abbe number. Therefore, a diffractive hybrid lens containing both refractive and diffractive elements can remarkably correct chromatic aberration and spherical aberration of an optical system. We investigated and analyzed the optical properties of a diffractive hybrid lens for the visible spectrum, and we used a difractive hybrid lens to design and evaluate a 300mm F/4.0 telephotolens without the special LD(Low Dispersive) glass lens which is costly and difficult to manufacture. Most traditional telephotolenses use the special LD glass for chromatic aberration correcton. Optical performance tests such as resolution and characteristics of aberration of both lens systems using a diffractive hybrid lens and traditional lens were performed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2006

The effects of the Attachment Promotion Therapy (APT) program for the autistic children were reviewed by 8 papers. The program was consisted with play activity centered mother-child interaction, educational activity for parents, lecture, video-feedback, and support. APT program was effective to improve the attachment behaviors and attachment security. And the mother's behaviors to her child became more child-centered, positively responsive, expressive supportively. Ninety six point seven percent of the mothers were satisfied with the APT program. They described that it was helpful to understand their children's developmental limitation and strength, to learn how to play with their children, to make supportive social network among the mothers, to minimize familial conflicts, and to make them much more comfortable with their children. They thought the APT Program was to be a steppingstone of the further educational program. APT program is an effective early intervention to promote social development and decrease autistic problems.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
• /
• 제54권11호
• /
• pp.498-502
• /
• 2005

The objectives of this paper are to provide information on the characteristics of the discharge signals in a low-voltage indoor outlet. Most of electrical fires are caused by short circuits, overheating of wires, deterioration and incomplete connection of wiring devices. The last two cases are predictable before the occurrence of fire because of its slow progress. We have simulated the discharge signals caused by the deterioration and incomplete connection of wiring devices using aged outlets. From the experimental data, we could characterize the frequency spectrums of the discharge signals depending on the cases. The higher frequency components of the signal are attenuated by the capacitance and inductance of power lines as the measuring point is getting away from the discharges. Main frequency components of the discharge signal are existent at 600kHz - 1.5MHz in incomplete connections and at 210H7z - 8MHz in deteriorations of the outlet.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.89.2-89.2
• /
• 2010

The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a device for the conversion of visible light into electricity, based on the sensitization of wide bandgap semiconductors. The performance of the cell mainly depends on a dye used as sensitizer. The absorption spectrum of the dye and the anchorage of the dye to the surface of $TiO_2$ are important parameters determining the efficiency of the cell. Generally, transition metal coordination compounds(ruthenium polypyridyl complexes) are used as the effective sensitizers, due to their intense charge-transfer absorption in the whole visible range and highly efficient metal-to ligand charge transfer. However, ruthenium polypyridyl complexes contain a heavy metal, which is undesirable from point of view of the environmental aspects. Moreover, the process to synthesize the complexes is complicated and costly. Alternatively, organic dyes can be used for the same purpose with an acceptable efficiency. The advantages of organic dyes include their availability and low cost. We designed and synthesized a series of organic sensitizers containing long wavelength absorption-chromophores for the dye sensitized solar cell. The DSSC composed of Blue-chromophores for the sensitization absorbed long wavelength region which is different also applied into the dye-cocktail (mixing) system. The photovoltaic property of DSSCs organic long wavelength absorption-chromophores were measured and evaluated by comparison with that of individual chromophores.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.82-89
• /
• 2004

고음질 합성을 하면서도 다양한 음색을 갖도록 하기 위해서는 파형부호화를 이용한 합성법에 적용할 수 있는 피치 변경법이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스펙트럼 왜곡률을 최소화하는 영교차 단위의 시간축 조절에 의한 피치 변경법과 피치 동기분석이 용이하고 다른 영역으로의 변환과정이 불필요한 피치시점 검출법을 제안함으로써 고음질을 유지하면서 시간영역에서만 처리됨으로써 계산량을 줄이고 스펙트럼 왜곡률을 최소화하고 위상을 그대로 보존할 수 있는 시간영역에서의 피치 변경법을 제안하였다. 결과적으로 전체 피치 변경율에 대해서는 기존의 방법에 비해서 제안한 방법의 스펙트럼 왜곡률이 0.73%개선되었고 피치 압축시에는 제안한 방법의 스펙트럼 왜곡율이 2.18%개선되었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.265-268
• /
• 2009

Karaj is an area with large influx of refugee people in Iran. To increase knowledge about parasitic infections, we carried out this research during 2006-2008. We recorded the stool examination results and some of their personal characteristics. A total of 13,915 human stools were examined, and 649(4.7%) were positive for intestinal parasites. Among them, 13 (0.09%) had worm and 636 (4.6%) had protozoan infections. Maximum infections belonged to Giardia intestinalis, and 534 (3.8%) samples had this infection. Other parasitic infections included Entamoeba coli(0.39%), Entamoeba histolytica (0.021%), Blastocystis hominis (0.08%), Trichomonas hominis (0.1%), Iodamoeba butschlii (0.06%), Chilomastix mesnili (0.007%), Endolimax nana (0.05%), Enterobius spp. eggs (0.028%), Taenia proglottids (0.028%), and Strongyloides stercoralis larvae (0.03%). The maximum numbers of referred people to laboratories were in July and the maximum percentage of infections was in August. There is a point that all 5 Strongyloides stercoralis infections were pertained to 2008. With attention to the rate of parasitic infections (4.7%), it seems that we should take additional educational information to wide spectrum of people living in this city.

• 천문학논총
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.327-329
• /
• 2017

We report a spatial fluctuation analysis of the sky brightness in the near-infrared from observations towards the north ecliptic pole (NEP) by AKARI at 2.4 and $3.2{\mu}m$. As a follow up study of our previous work on the Monitor field of AKARI, we used NEP deep survey data, which covered a circular area of about 0.4 square degrees, in order to extend fluctuation analysis at angular scales up to 1000". After pre-processing, additional correction procedures were done to correct time varying components and instrumental effects such as MUXbleed. To remove resolved objects, we applied $2{\sigma}$ clipping and point spread function (PSF) subtraction. We finally obtained mosaicked images which can be used for the study of various diffuse emissions in the near-infrared sky and found that there are spatial structures in the mosaicked images using a power spectrum analysis.