• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.67
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• pp.69-104
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• 2017

This paper examines the aspect of the novel which appeared in the union of the male and female relationship of "OkSuki", one of the novels of the 19th century. "Oksuki" is a work focusing on the relationship between men and women. It takes a narrative structure based on the relationship. It shows various aspects of the relationship through the structure in which the pluralities of plural persons are repeated. Other events and illustrations, except for the talk, are both an occasion of the alliance and an auxiliary role. At the beginning of the work, the main character's parents are described in detail.By arranging the prophecies related to the relationship between the protagonist and the brothers, it suggests that subsequent narratives will flow into the center of the relationship. The male characters that make up the alliance are characteristically trained and have a good taste, and the Caines are colorfully colored. It is believed that the marriage pattern faithfully follows the medieval status order. The reason why the figure of the person who becomes his wife and the person of the concubine are set differently is because the image of the wife and the concubine are different from each other ideally. The characters who are going to be hungry are emphasized on the clause, efficacy, knowledge, and inner peace, and are actively involved in. On the other hand, conciliatory characters emphasize talent and craftsmanship, and their role is reduced after marriage. The wife is a person who has both Confucian culture and knowledge and is able to care for her husband and family well. Concultation is shaped as a person who can enjoy joyful life and emphasize more affection in relation with his wife.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.207-216
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• 2021

Supplement of high-protein food plays an important role in improving the symptoms of malnutrition and the immune capacity of the body, but the association of high-protein diet and gut microbiota remained unaddressed. Here, we systematically analyzed the internal organs and gut microbiota in C57(WT) or PD-1H-depleted (KO) mice (T cells were activated) fed with pupae or feed for six weeks. We observed that the body weight gain in the mice fed with pupae increased less significantly than that of the feed group, while the villi and small intestine lengths in the pupa group were reduced compared with that of mice given feed. However, the average body weight of the KO mice increased compared with that of the WT mice fed with pupae or feed. Pupae increased the concentration of blood glucose in WT, but not in KO mice. Moreover, in the feed group, there was no difference in the weight of the internal organs between the WT and KO mice, but in the pupae-fed group, liver weight was decreased and spleen weight was increased compared with that of KO mice. The amounts/plural/amounts of Melainabacteria, Chloroflexi, and Armatimonadetes were specifically upregulated by pupae, and this upregulation was weakened or eliminated by PD-1H depletion. Some bacteria with high abundance in the feed-fed KO mice, such as Deferribacteres, Melainabacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia, were decreased in pupae-fed KO mice, and Proteobacteria and Deinococcus were specifically enriched in pupae-fed KO mice. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Akkermansia were associated with weight loss in the pupae-fed group while Lachnospiraceae and Anaerobiospirillum were related glucose metabolism and energy consumption. Based on high-throughput sequencing, we discovered that some gut bacteria specifically regulated the metabolism of a high-protein diet, and PD-1H deficiency improved life quality and sustained blood glucose. Moreover, PD-1H responses to high-protein diet through modulating the type and quantity of gut bacteria. These findings provide evidence about the association among gut microbiota, T cell activation (for PD-1H depletion) and high-protein diet metabolism, have important theoretical significance for nutrition and health research.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_1
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• pp.1573-1579
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• 2022

The irrigation schedule system using early detection of crop water stress is required to maintain crop production and save water resource. However, because previous studies focused on the crop under stress dominant condition, the crop physiological properties, which can be measured by remote sensing technique, on early crop water stress condition are not well known. In this study, the canopy temperature, MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index (MTCI), and Chlorophyll/Carotenoid Index (CCI) are observed on the soybeans given the early water stress using thermal imaging camera and hyperspectral camera. The increased canopy temperature and decreased MTCI are consist with the previous studies which are for the crop of stress dominant-sign. However, the CCI was increased contrary to expectation because it may faster the reduction of carotenoid than chlorophyll in early stage. These behaviors will be useful to not only develop the irrigation system but also using the early detection of crop stress.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.127-150
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• 2021

This study focuses on analyzing the epic characteristics of a korean sports cartoon called "Burning Ground" in the 1970s. Through this, we would like to reveal that only "Burning Ground" has a unique narrative. We hope that such research will accumulate and serve as the basis for the study of Korean sports cartoon. In the 1970s and 1980s, Korean sports cartoons were narratives of the main characters. The story of the family is central to the narrative. Family revenge is mainly the central narrative. Plural narratives are serious, and sports act as auxiliary narratives. It uses 'Spocon', a characteristic of Japanese sports cartoons, to show its efforts to get revenge. Therefore, it is extremely rare to use professional knowledge in Korean sports cartoons in the 1970s. Burning Ground uses an escalating system to construct incremental narratives. The three-dimensional narrative is composed by utilizing various narratives of surrounding characters. The use of expertise in football is a feature of the 1990s, and showing this in the 1970s means that the work is ahead of its time. There are limitations of Japanese cartoon theft and plagiarism. However, through this, it provides evidence to examine the relationship between Korea and Japan. And timeless epic speciality must be recognized. The study is meaningful in that it can broaden the perspective of Korean cartoon research in the 1970s.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.5D
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• pp.709-716
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• 2006

The rapid changes of family structure such as singles, working couples and so on have effects on a travel behaviour. One of the characteristics from this is the increasing portion of trip-chain, in which plural activities were conducted in a "single outgoing" travel. Therefore travel must be considered as location change to conduct various activities instead of pursuing single travel purpose. This paper specifies a behavioral homogeneous person group by a job, a possession of cars. Based on this classification of person groups and their activity diary, the sequence, time and travel mode of activities in a day can be verified. As a case study household survey was conducted in city Kongju. The survey result shows that the classification of behavioral homogeneous person group based on criteria like employment status and car ownership bring a good result to forecast trip generation in traffic zone.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2007

This experiment was carried out to protect drops of feed intake should be plural prepartum and postpartum to reduce metabolic diseases after calving to know how feeding systems, which is divided as a low quility, a high quility and total mixed rations(TMR), affects on postpartum productivity of Holistein cows. Three diets (low or high quality forage separately fed with concentrate and TMR containing high quality roughage) were fed to 21 cows from 3 weeks prepartum to 8 weeks postpartum to examine their effects on the productivity of cows. DM intakes was noticed significantly higher with TMR (17.11kg/day) than low-quality (13.48 kg/day) and high-quality forage (13.10kg/day). TDN and CP intakes were also higher with TMR compared to other experimental diets. Mean daily milk yield was non-significant among the cows fed different diets. Blood non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) content was higher in cows fed low-quality or high-quality forage separately with concentrate compared with those fed TMR. The results concluded that TMR feeding to transitional cows is better than feeding the low or high quality forage separately for their health and productivity.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-58
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between social education and secondary education of seaside and sea village schools for supporting the successors to fishery. Objects of the study were five groups; 321 fishermen, 107 staff members of a Fishery Guidance Center, 1, 001 students, 306 teachers of sea villages, 193 staff members of a Fishery Cooperative Association. The total number of people being object of this study was 1, 876 persons. The questionaire used for this study was made after preliminary counseling with fishermen in sea villages and teachers in seaside schools. The results of this study are as follow ; 1) About the value of Fishery and successors to Fishery There have been more positive responses than negative ones to the question on the value of fishery. The main reason for positive responses lies in the potentiality for development of fishery but the negative responses are because of the heavy work. 56.8% of the respondents expected an increasing number of successor to fishery, but 43.2% of the respondents had a negative foresight on that problem. The negative respondents stated that the fisherman that moved from the sea villages to the urban areas are responsible for the none increasing numbers of successors to fishery. Most of the respondents answered that government support is needed in order to increase the number of successors to fishery. 2) Social education for Fishermen Only 40% of fishermen know the Fishing Village Guidance Center as the main institute for social education. 94.17% of the respondents prefer plural institutes to single ones. 5.9% of the respondents answered with opposit opinions. 40.4% of the respondents answered that technical teachings has not often been practised. The reason why technical teaching does not often come into effect are as follows; lack of technical expertise, insufficient concern of staff members of the Guidance Center or the Cooperation Association. Also fishermen answered that the Fisherman Guidance Center does not often practise technical education. The Fishery Cooperation Association with its social education for fisherman takes the role of education for the economical way and carries out financial assistance. The relationship between the Fishery Cooperative Association and fishermen is presented satisfactory. However, the frequency of education is not satisfactory. Indifferences between staff members of the Fishery Cooperative Association does not carry out fishery education very often. Also loaned money matters were not satisfactory. 3) Secondary education for Fishery This study showed that it is desirable that the practical course of middle schools in islets and seaside villages take education on fishery ; however, a few schools only take the practical course fishery. Most of the fishery high schools want computer education as a new recommendable course. The students of fishery high schools want computer education as a new recommendable course. The students of fishery high schools have problems with scientific terms in the text books for the practical of fishery high schools have problems with scientific terms in the text books for the practical courses. Over 80% of the respondents agreed that the principals of schools in islets and sea side villages should be men having majored in fishery. 4) The connection between social education and secondary education for fishery a. It is desirable that the principal and vice principal of secondary schools in islets and sea side villages are men majored in fishery. b. It is recommendable that fishery courses are taken as practical courses in fishery village schools for it is helpful to relate between the vocation and the district's special character, as well as to built up relation between the middle school education and the fishery high school education. c. The teachers of fishery high schools and the officials of government offices which are related to fishery should work together to realize a program on teaching various kinds of techniques and give other useful informations to fishermen. d. During the vacations the fishery high school could be used for the social education of fishermen. Seminars on fishery technique and cultural aspects could be held. Especially a spiritual education which is needed for the improvement of the society of fishermen could be achieved by a cultural education. e. On the state level a financial support to raise the number of successors to fishery, a national policy for the betterment of the life of fishermen, as well as active publicity activities are necessary. f. A financial support of the government for raising the number of the successors to fishery is needed. For this purpose a fishery education performed on a state level would be desirable.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.97-110
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• 2012

This study aimed at considering the original shape of Iljiam Tea Garden at Mt. Daedun. In order to accomplish our goal, we tried to strengthen the authenticity of construction of Iljiam by comparing its space structure depicted in the poetry of Choeui(艸衣) the monk with its current restored state. According to the clues and situation in the poetry along with symbolic words like 'Choeui' and 'Ilji(一枝)', Iljiam seemed to be a tea garden with elegant and celestial beauties, and with a nice view where Choeui the famous monk searched for the highest state of enlightenment by enjoying and living in nature. When we compared the plural aspects of Iljiam like Dacheon(茶泉), Dajo, Mulhwak, Darim(茶林), Chaewon(菜園), and Yeonji(蓮池) with those of Dasan Tea Garden[茶山草堂], we could see that the basic components of tea-culture space of both gardens are the same, showing the organizational principle of the top and bottom area to stress reading and studying. When it is restored, the authenticity of Iljiam should be pursued by linking spatial, historical, and landscaping characteristics as the space of which Choeui the monk carried out Zen meditation and mastered tea. However, the recent grand scale Buddhist business like the expansion of access road and construction of Buddhist sanctuary and Seolimdang became the biggest threat to the authenticity. Especially, it was emphasized many times in various poetry that the view from Iljiam and its surroundings is extraordinary, so it is critical to get rid of obstacles to the view from Iljiam and its surroundings in order to restore Iljiam as its genuine form. The current Iljiam should be re-made because it is like a leaf-roofed garden, not like a hermitage. However, the opinion that Jawoohongryeon-sa(紫芋紅蓮社) is somewhat a Taoistic and Taoist hermit space with a special shape adopted the pattern of building of the Joseon period rather than a Buddhist building can be accepted as long as other convincing historical evidences are found out, considering the ideology of uniting Confucianism and Buddhism and the spirit of Taoist hermit found out from poetry of Choeui and his friends. In conclusion, the restoration of Iljiam in 1979 was carried out to restore the place of Iljiam rather than to restore the originality of Iljiam by combining and referring domestic cases of tea gardens. However, there is not much material for restoration even though the main frame of Iljiam was distorted. Nevertheless, the top and bottom ponds should be constructed as a rectangle shape. In addition, it can be improved much in terms of plants and trees. It is necessary to restore bamboo forest, which was razed in order to make a tea plantation around Seolimdang, to set vines of arbors above the upper limbs, to plant pine trees and willow trees inside of the garden, and to put Dajeolgu under the corner of the eaves. Especially, the bamboo forest emphasized in poetry and took care of by Choeui himself should be restored inside of the garden.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.116
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• pp.411-435
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• 2010

Ken Wilber(1949~) tries to approach integration of philosophy, emphasising the advent of the perennial philosophy in the exchange of scholarships at the present day. He suggests All Quadrant(四象限) for the first step to reach his integrated approach. In addition, his approach concretizes for AQAL(All Quadrant, All Level). His AQAL approach which can be divide into inside/outside, singular/plural, or interobjectivity/intersubjectivity is applied to a lot of fileds such as ecology, management, criminology, medical treatment and its boundary is getting bigger. The merits of Quadrant is that it can solve the problem of the plain(平原), which resolves the strength of subjective interior(cultural contexts) into the external existence(social system). From view of Dongmu Lee Je-ma(1837~1900), a former philosopher, Sa-Sang theory['Affairs-Mind-body-Objects(事心身物)', 'Heaven-Human-nature-Order(天人性命)] is in accord with Wilber in content. In Dongmu's writing, Quadrant(Affairs-Mind-body-Objects') called Sa-Sang theory(四象學) or Sasang Constitional Medicine(四象醫學) is basic component in order to explain the structure of all nature. 'Heaven-Human-nature-Order'; That is, 'Affairs-Mind-body-Objects' results in 'Heaven-Human-nature-Order' focused on human being(human body) in the universe. In other words, Sa-Sang theory is the same as the Wilver's inclusive perspectives from the universe and human being. Dongmu's Sa-Sang theory is compared with C. G. Jung(1875~1961)'s psychology and it helps both fields confirm the foundation and extend the province of application. Comparision of Dongmu's Quadrant with Wilber's is not just analogical reasoning. In comparison, Dongmu's Sa-Sang theory is more delicated and crystallized than Wilber's in medical prospective. Dongmu regards Quadrant not as diseases, but as origin of Physiology and Pathology. And he explains all of their courses as Quadrant.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.3
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• pp.91-113
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• 2001

History always be re-interpreted as the time flows. 'The Sillok', Which was registered in Memory of World of UNESCO in 1997, is comprehensive documents of the Chosun Dynasty, which had been compiled after kings' death, The Sillok encompasses 473 years of the reign in their 848 volumes(1,893 chapters). It was a history itself and has been main source in studying Korean history. Due to the rise of studies on the Sillok, time has come to explore the nature of the Sillok and to criticize the text, which would be called 'The Sillok-Study'. In this context, this paper examined three concepts that categorize the nature of the Sillok as historical materials ;Is it book or record?; The Sillok in register system in pre-modern society; And the Sillok as the National Archives. Korean historians, including myself, haven't yet examined the question whether the Sillok is the Book or Record in terms of archival science. At first, I regarded it as history book, and with this presupposition, wrote several papers on the characteristics of the Sillok. However, I recognized that the Sillok are close to record rather that history book as I examined the definition of glossary of librarian study, OED (Oxford English Dictionary) and Encyclopedia of Britannica, etc. Definitely, the Sillok was neither compiled and published to be read and sold publicly, nor meant to the works of literature or scholarship. one may say that the court-historians wrote comments on the facts and therefore it was just scholarly work. However, because the court-historians produced their comments on their own businesses, the outcome of 'their scholarly works' were also records conceptually, as were daily court-journalists in Rome. Its publication also had a absolutely different meaning from that of modern society. It was a method to preserve the important national records and distributed each edition of them to plural repositories for its safety and security. How can we explain its book-like shape and the procedure of compilation after a kings' death. The answer is as follows ; In pre-modern society, it was a common record-keeping system in the world to register records materials in order to arrange the materials of different sizes and to store them conveniently. And the lack of scientific preservation or conservation skill also encouraged them to register original records. Actually, the court-historians who participated in the compiling process called themselves "registering officers". On the other hand, similar to social hierarchy, there was a hierarchical system of records, and the Sillok was placed at the top of this hierarchy. In conclusion, the Sillok was a kind of registered records in the middle ages and the supreme records in the records-world. In addition to this we can also conceptualize the Sillok as archives. Through the compiling process, the most important and valuable records were selected to be the parts of Sillok. This process corresponds to the modem records appraisal. In the next step, it was preserved in the Four Archives(史庫) which located at remote site as archives and only accessible by the descendents in the future, who might be the people of the next dynasty. And nobody could access or read the documents at that time except the authorized court-historians who were archivists of the Chosun Dynasty. From this perspective, I conclude that Sillok was the supreme confidential archives in the register system. I work for the Government Archives as a historian and archivist. Whenever I entered the exhibition hall of the Government Archives and Records Service(GARS) and saw the replica of the Archives of Taebeak Mountain built during Chosun period, I always asked to myself a question whether the Sillok can be a symbol of the archival tradition of Korea and the GARS. Now, I can say, 'Yes!' definitely.