• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2003

In an experimental study, we assessed human sensibility in terms of psychophysiological response according to change of speeds (40, 70, 100km/h) in a driving simulator and application of motion fitters (washout filter, non-washout later) in a roller coaster simulator. For the driving and roller coaster simulators, a group of 12 healthy men in their twenties and a group of 8 healthy men in their twenties, respectively, participated. Participants each completed a simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ), a subjective assessment of sensations of pleasantness, tension, and arousal, and perception of speed. Physiological signals were measured by 1/f fluctuation of EEG (electroencephalogram), ECG (electrocardiogram), and GSR (galvanic skin response). These were measured pre-to-post under the experimental conditions for each simulator. Subjective pleasantness, tension, arousal, and perception of speed and physiological responses indicating a feeling of pleasantness by 1/f fluctuation were higher for the roller coaster simulator than those measured for low speed driving in the driving simulator. The mean frequency of alpha band (8-l3㎐) in EEG increased with exposure to the driving simulator relative to that for the roller coaster simulator. Heart rate variability and GSR were significantly changed between pre- and post- under each condition in the driving and roller coaster simulators. The data suggest that subjective sensibility was elevated according to gain of speed and variety of simulator motion, and physiological responses were activated with increased speed.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.06e
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• pp.85-88
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• 1998

심리음향학적으로 소리의 감성 요소를 평가하려는 시도가 계속되고 있으나 뚜렷한 결과가 나온 것은 많지 않다. 또한 감성 인자 평가에 대한 국제적인 표준도 정확히 나와있지 않다. 일반적으로 심리음향학 인자로 loudness, sharpness, roughness, fluctuation strength, pleasantness, annoyance를 사용하며, 이러한 인자들을 이용하여 바이노럴 음질 평가 시스템을 구현하였다. 구현된 바이노럴 음질 평가 시스템의 객관성을 평가하기 위해 인성 실험을 실시하였고 인성 실험 결과와 음질 평가 시스템을 이용한 평가 결과를 비교 분석하였다.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.450-456
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• 2006

The objectives of this study were to investigate physiological and psychological responses to the rustling sound of Korean traditional silk fabrics and to figure out objective measurements such as sound parameters and mechanical properties determining the human responses. Five different traditional silk fabrics were selected by cluster analysis and their sound characteristics were observed in terms of FFT spectra and some calculated sound parameters including level pressure of total sound (LPT), Zwicker's psychoacoustic parameters - loudness(Z), sharpness(Z), roughness(Z), and fluctuation strength(Z), and sound color factors such as ${\Delta}L\;and\;{\Delta}f$. As physiological signals, the ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF) from the power spectrum of heart rate variability, pulse volume (PV), heart rate (HR), and skin conductance level (SCL) evoked by the fabric sounds were measured from thirty participants. Also, seven aspects of psychological state including softness, loudness, sharpness, roughness, clearness, highness, and pleasantness were evaluated when each sound was presented. The traditional silk fabric sounds were likely to be felt as soft and pleasant rather than clear and high, which seemed to evoke less change of both LF/HF and SCL indicating a negative sensation than other fabrics previously reported. As fluctuation strength(Z) were higher and bending rigidity (B) values lower, the fabrics tended to be perceived as sounding softer, which resulted in increase of PV changes. The higher LPT was concerned with higher rating for subjective loudness so that HR was more increased. Also, compression linearity (LC) affected subjective pleasantness positively, which caused less changes of HR. Therefore, we concluded that such objective measurements as LPT, fluctuation strength(Z), bending rigidity (B), and compression linearity (LC) were significant factors affecting physiological and psychological responses to the sounds of Korean traditional silk fabrics.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.113-124
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• 2006

1. Objectives Sasang Constitutional Medicine is based on difference of Nature & Emotion(性情). The mind is held in high value to characteristics of each constitution's symptoms and prescriptions. This study is for psychotheraphy with Herbal medicines, Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. 2. Methods Comparing with ${\ulcorner}$DongYi Soose Bowon Gabobon${\Ircorner}$ and ${\ulcorner}$DongYi Soose Bowon ShinChukbon${\Ircorner}$, we research the principle of human's organization which is connected with their talent and will. 3. Results and Conclusions (1) Sasang Constitutional Medicine consider human being more than disease in medical science. A Human being works up to take a reasonable in modern societies, as making friends, a practice of his daily life, mentality. (2) Psychotheraphy is as important as each constitution's symptoms and prescriptions on clinical medicine (3) Taeyangin should be moderate when expressing their sorrow & anger(哀怒) and take a step backward for a real purpose(恒心). (4) Soyangin should be moderate when expressing their sorrow & anger(哀怒) and watch the interior for a real purpose(恒心). (5) Taeumin should be moderate when expressing their happiness & pleasantness(喜樂) and watch the exterior for a real purpose(恒心). (6) Soeumin should be moderate when expressing their happiness & pleasantness(喜樂) and go one step forward for a real purpose(恒心).

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.299-326
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• 2011

The text such as stories, blogs, chat, message and reviews have the overall emotional flow. It can be classified to the text having similar emotional flow if we compare the similarity between texts, and it can be used such as recommendations and opinion collection. In this paper, we extract emotion terms from the text sequentially and analysis emotion terms in the pleasantness-unpleasantness and activation dimension in order to identify the emotional flow of the text. To analyze the 'dominant emotion' which is the overall emotional flow in the text, we add the time dimension as sequential flow of the text, and analyze the emotional flow in three dimensional space: pleasantness-unpleasantness, activation and time. Also, we suggested that a classification method to compute similarity of the emotional flow in the text using the Euclidean distance in three dimensional space. With the proposed method, we analyze the dominant emotion in korean modern short stories and classify them to similar dominant emotion.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.215-224
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• 2010

This paper is designed to investigate the attributes of sound and emotion resided in traditional Eastern thought by looking into acoustic theories such as Sunguarakron (聲有哀樂論) in Akgi(樂記), Sungmuaerakron(聲無哀樂論) of Haegang and Akhakgebum(樂學軌範), Chongiron(天機論) in Choson(朝鮮) dynasty. Six types of emotions, namely sadness, pleasure, happiness, anger, respect, and, affection (哀心, 樂心, 喜心, 怒心, 敬心, 愛心) which is related with sounds was closely reviewed through Akgi(樂記). Also attributes of sounds such as loudness, sharpness, pitch, roughness, fluctuation strength and pleasantness was corresponded with plain & complicated(單複), pitch, good & bad(善惡) slow & fast(舒疾), loud & quiet(猛靜) respectively. In addition to this, this paper is narrowed down that the basic ideas about sound and emotions of Choson(朝鮮) confucian scholar was based on theory of music and rhythm on Akgi(樂記). Furthermore, the relationship between expressed sound and emotions which was revealed in Chongiron(天機論) has been examined. Finally, various applied research and studies will be promoted through this study, because this study will provide foundation which supports sounds and emotions of Eastern.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.37-70
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• 1985

The purpose of this study is to present objective basic data for environmental design by the quantitative analysis of visual quality emboded in physical environment. For this, as for the front garden of high schools, the spatial image was measured by the S.D. Scale Method, Factor Analysis was proceeded by the principal component analysis and the visual preference was investigated by the Paired Comparision Method. The scale values of plain and unpleasant road surface and external appearance of buildings, which are related to emotions of simpleness fell from straightness and stability, were found to be high. But, except for the road surface of Kyunggi High School, scale values of variables explaining the variation of the quality of materials, level of floor and rythm were generally low. For all green spaces, scale values of variables explaining the degree of pleasantness was found to be generally high. And, those explaining tidiness and characteristics of green spaces were not in the same tendency. But, the green spaces of Youngdong High school can be considered to the space with plenty of visual absorption uniqueness were high. As for the correlation between variables, variables for green spaces(12 and 26) and those for overall view of front garden( 1 and 4) revealed high positive correlation. Also, "order - disorder" and "convenient- incovenient" included in road surface variable can be regarded to have the same meaning since the correlation coefficient between them is very high, 0.7045. Image variables including road surface, external appearance of buildings, green spaces and overall view of front garden showed 91.21~61.08% of total variance. Thus, the remains can be considered to be the error valiance or specific variance. In Fctor I, II and III, main components explaining the road surface image of front gardens are order, hardness, texture, color, gradient and rythm. As for the external appearance of b wilding, variables of color, hardness, stability, peculiality and shape revealed high values of factor load. For all variables, communality was drastically high and ellen values and common variance were found to be very high in Factor I. As for the front gardens, variables explaining volume and peculiarity were found to be the main components of Factor I. In Factor II and III, variables of factor load were tidiness, pleasantness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.24 no.65
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• pp.51-63
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• 2001

The present experiment investigated the possibility of evaluating of the human sensibility contingent on the speed and modes of driving using the responses from the autonomic nervous system, subjective assessments, Simulator Sickness (55) in dynamic simulator. The three conditions of the speed of driving were 40 $\pm$ 10 km/h, 100$\pm$10 km/h, 160 $\pm$ 10 km/h, and the participant was instructed to drive the car for three minutes on the elliptical track. It is programed in such a way that the modes of driving can be changed smoothly using road DB in Dynamic Simulator, and for signifying the change of the condition the road signs were used. The instruction was given to the participant to drive the car on the fixed speed of 20 km/h for 30 seconds, then to drive the car on sudden-start mode of driving from the 20 km/h to 160 km/h within 10 seconds. For the sudden-stop mode of driving, it was instructed that stop the car from the speed of 160km/h to 20km/h within 10 seconds when the subject see the road sign, then drive the car at the fixed speed of 20 km/h for 30 seconds. The results of the subjcetive assessment showed that the level of pleasantness and the tension was increased, and physiological response showed that the level of activity of the autonomic responses were also increased as the speed of the car increased. Also, for results on the driving modes showed that the level of pleasantness was highest for the sudden-stop, next highest was sudden-start, and the lowest was 20 km/h fixed speed condition for the subjective assessment, and tile order of the level of activation of the autonomic nervous system showed the same results as above. From the results of the present study it was concluded that the presentation and evaluation of the stimulus for the human sensitivity is possible in dynamic simulator.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.156-170
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• 2003

Gamut compression algorithms have traditionally been defined functionally and then tested with deductive methods, e.g., psychophysical experiments. Our study offers an alternative, an inductive method, in which observers judge image colors to represent the original images more accurately. We developed a computer-controlled interactive tool that modifies the color appearance of pictorial images displayed on a monitor. In experiments, observers used the tool to alter color pixels according to the region of color space to which they belonged. We created three different gamut compression algorithms based on the observer experimental data. Observer groups evaluated the performance of the newly-developed algorithms, existing gamut compression algorithms, and an image based on the average observers' results from experiments in this study. The study of gamut extension is unlike the study of gamut compression in that it mainly deals with the degree of image pleasantness as judged by observers. The results of the gamut extension experiments in this study not only make available worthwhile data but also suggest a methodology for using the observer experimental tool for future gamut extension research.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.28
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• pp.44-50
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• 2001

This study propose the new concept of residence by analyzing the change of residence through the characteristic of popularity and degree of development of technology on home network information appliance for intelligent home. Accordingly, Cyber village represented as home automation and extend to information of society. it encourage need of information and multimedia of home. It expect home information infrastructure for accepting informations, which make smart home to linked home-working home-learning home-treatment. home-shopping and home-banking. The system of intelligent home is the intelligence of human-biology in the side of environmental friendly and multi-function. it distinguish the system of security, controlling system of inside environment, supporting system of house-working, automatic controlling, house working. Future house require to meet demand of young generation, such as small residental space, the multi-functional space, the flexible space, making mood for dual income couple and of single as intelligent home. Accordingly, basic purpose which are pleasantness, the safe and the convenience the mobile multi-function as well as networking with controlling of temperature, security, health-test, home-entertainment, home-office and consider environment together.