• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.25-43
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• 2023

Purpose In online delivery platforms, platform workers are required to perform both platform labor, which is compensated with immediate wages, and shadow work which is a kind of unpaid job to support the platform labor. Thus, the objective of this study is to empirically examine how platform workers' platform labor and shadow work affect their job burnout and their turnover intention in the online delivery platform context. Design/methodology/approach This study developed a research model by employing platform labor and shadow work to influence job burnout and turnover intention. This study also tested the model by partial least square techniques after collecting 169 cross-sectional data from food delivery riders in Korea. Findings This study found that both platform labor and shadow work affected platform workers' job burnout. In addition, the results showed that shadow work influenced their turnover intention while platform labor did not affect the turnover intention. Based on the results, this study contributed to relevant researchers who are interested in platform contexts by offering measurable constructs on platform labor and shadow work. In addition, this study could provide practitioners with practical implications on managing platform workers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

The purpose of this research is to analyze how the wage level of new job seekers in the platform labor market affects the period on getting the first job. Recently, the platform gets attention as one of alternatives to solve the increase of unemployment rate. It is important to create quality jobs that we build up a trust between employers and employees in the platform. Previous studies showed that feedback from previous employers is important for solving the information asymmetry problem between those people. However, there is no feedback for new job seekers who have not get the first job. Therefore, we focus on the fact that wages are presented by job seekers rather than employers in the platform, and we will figure out that the low wages of new job seekers may affect the shortening of job-hunting period. For this reason, we use 3,704 job seekers of Freelancer.com. Survival analysis shows that low wages for new job seekers have a significant impact on shortening job-hunting period.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.922-934
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• 2020

The talent trading platform is a platform that brokers transactions such as program coding, media content production (video, music, presentation materials, etc.), design, learning, and repair. Existing talent trading platforms provide a server-client model-based service, which incurs server operating costs and arbitration labor costs for transactions, which has a disadvantage that users bear high service fees. This paper proposes a method to reduce server and database operation costs by uploading transaction information to blocks through the system as a distributed app (dApp) based on the Ethereum platform. In addition, it proposes a method to lower transaction fees by reducing the labor cost of transaction arbitrators through smart contracts. Compare and analyze the cost processing procedure and transaction fee size of the blockchain-based talent trading platform and the existing talent trading platform.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.430-440
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• 2021

We analyzed research trends of 288 Korean academic dissertations and articles regarding platform work, using topic modeling and keyword network analysis method. Research disciplines of many studies were laws, business administration, and economics fields. Thigh frequent themes were platform labor protection measures and direct or indirect effects of the sharing economy. The main keywords were digital, value, industry, and labor in terms of infrastructure and structural change. Besides, the main topics were the protection of platform workers, the values of sharing services, digital paradigm, and platform regulations. Based on the results of the analysis, we derived four implications and suggestions such as researching structural frames in macroscopic contexts, generalizing case analysis, and technology supplementation by applying average and quantitative analysis methods, researching individual competency development to realize the essential symbiotic value of sustainability, and developing customized vocational education and training programs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.134-138
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• 2024

The rapid advancement of technologies within the Fourth Industrial Revolution is expected to bring significant changes to the work environment across industries. While automation and digitalization not only enhance productivity but also health and safety, they also pose new health risks such as isolation, technostress, and musculoskeletal disorders. The rise of remote work and platform labor necessitates strengthening social protections for workers' health rights. To ensure that technological progress leads to better worker health, proactive and comprehensive occupational health policies are essential. Cultivating interdisciplinary expertise in occupational health professionals is also crucial. Industrial hygienists can play a pivotal role in assessing and managing the health impacts of technological changes, as well as bridging the gap between innovation and worker well-being.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.429-446
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• 2018

The $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution, symbolizing the explosive innovation of digital technologies, is expected to have a great impact on labor relations and produce a lot of contested issues. The labor-management issues, created by the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution, are as follows: (1) employment restructuring, job re-allocation, and skill-reformation, driven by the technological displacement, resetting of worker-machine relationship, and negotiation on labor intensity and autonomy, (2) the legislation of institutional protection for the digital dependent self-employed, derived from the proliferation of platform-mediated labor, and the statutory recognition of their 'workerness', (3) unemployment safety net, income guarantee, and skill formation assistance for precarious workeforce, (4) the protection of worker privacy from workplace surveillance, (5) protecting labor rights of the digital dependent self-employed and prcarious workers and guaranteeing their unionization and collective bargaining. In comparing how labor unions in Western countries have responded to the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution, German unions have showed a strategic approach of policy formation toward digital technological innovations by effectively building and utilizing diverse channel of social dialogue and collective bargaining, while those in the US and UK have adopted the traditional approach of organizing and protesting in attempting to protect the interest of platform-mediated workers (i.e. Uber drivers). In light of the best practice demonstrated by German unions, it is necessary to build the process of productive policy consultation among three parties- the government, employers, and labor unions - at multi levels (i.e. workplace, sectoral and national levels), in order to prevent the destructive damage as well as labor-management confrotation, caused by digital technological innovations. In such policy consultation procesess, moreover, the inclusive and integrated approach is required to tackle with diverse problems, derived from the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution, in a holistic manner.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2011

Facing the current hikes of labor wage and high oil price, it is needed to have energy-saving machinery which also enables us precise farm operations. Thus, it was necessary to develop a safe machine which allows secure and pleasant works along orchard slopes. In this study, a lifting utility with balance-controlled platform was developed. The platform utility could maintain to level the workbench while driving along slopes. Even the machine body was driven at the tilt angle ranges of ${\pm}20^{\circ}$, the platform bench could be maintained within ${\pm}0.5^{\circ}$ of a gimbal angle. In addition, the machine lifted up to 2.0 m using an electric-hybrid driving mechanism with a low noise. A tandem hybrid power source was developed with a DC 72 V, 100 AH for the Deep-Cycle batteries, charged with 3.5 kW gasoline generator as an auxiliary power source. HST, which is one of the CVT's, was adopted as a transmission device, and a crawer track was used for the safety of the vehicle against tip-over. The maximum lifting height of platform was is 2,500 mm, and the maximum extendable width was 2,900 mm.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.67-75
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• 2018

Purpose - In the 21st century, as information technology advances alongside the emergence of the 4th generation, industrial age, industrial environment has become individualized and customized. It is important to hire good quality employees for good service in the industry. The e-learning market is growing every year. Although e-learning companies are finding better quality employees in e-learning, it is not easy to find it. Companies also spend a lot of time and cost to find employee. On the employees side, they want to get a job freely when they want, but they cannot find their job easily. Furthermore, the labor market environment is changing fast. In the 4th generation, industrial age, employers require to find manpower whenever they need and want at little cost. So of their own accord, we have considered the necessity of management of human resources for employees and employers in e-learning. The purpose of this study is to propose a human cloud platform framework for enabling an efficient management of human resources in e-learning industry. Research design, data, and methodology - To pinpoint the items of a human cloud platform framework, the study was initiated according to the following process. First, items of competency relating to e-learning instructional designer was analyzed. Second, based on the items of information from this analysis, selection and validity verification took place with 5 e-learning specialists group. Third, the opinion of experts who were in charge of hiring in e-learning companies were collated with the questionnaire. Lastly, the human cloud platform framework was proposed based on opinion results. Results - The framework was comprised of 7 domains and 27 items in order to develop the human cloud platform for e-learning instructional designer. The analysis results showed that the most highly considered item were 'skill (4.60)' that employee already have the capability. Following this (in order) were 'project type (4.56)', 'work competency (4.56)', and 'strength area of instructional design (4.52)'. Conclusions - The 27 items in the human cloud platform framework were suggested in this study. Following this, we can consider to develop the human cloud platform for finding a job and hiring e-learning instructional designer easily. For successful platform operation, we need to consider reliability between employer and employee. In addition, we need quality assurance system based on operation has public confidence.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.296-297
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• 2018

Due to the decrease in infrastructure investment and stagnation of overseas construction, it is concerned the instability of the construction market. Enhancing the Korean construction competitiveness, productivity improvement could be the breakthrough. In addition, defining construction contents utilizing virtual reality technology is drawing attention along with the trend of the fourth industrial revolution technology development toward the labor productivity improvement. This study conducted a survey to figure out the present state of the productivity management in field and comprehend the factors influence on construction productivity for further Korean construction productivity data platform.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.35-41
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• 2023

Radish and Chinese cabbage are the most produced and consumed vegetables in Korea. The mechanization of harvesting operations is necessary to minimize the need for manual labor. This study to develop and evaluate the performance of a multi-purpose driving platform that can apply modular Radish and Chinese cabbage harvesting devices. The multi-purpose driving platform consisted of driving, device control, engine, hydraulic, harvesting, conveying, and loading part. Radish and Chinese cabbage harvesting conducted using the multi-purpose driving platform each harvesting module. The performance of the multi-purpose driving platform was evaluated the field efficiency and loss rate. The total Radish harvesting operation time 34.3 min., including 28.8 min., of harvesting time, 1.9 min., of turning time, and 3.6 min., of replacement time of bulk bag. During Radish harvesting, the field efficiency and average loss rate of the multi-purpose driving platform were 2.0 hr/10a and 3.1 %. Chinese cabbage harvesting operation 49.3 min., including 26.6 min., of harvesting time, 4.6 min., of turning time, and 18.1 min., of replacement time of bulk bag. During Chinese cabbage harvesting, the field efficiency and average loss rate of the multi-purpose driving platform 2.1 hr/10a and 0.1 %. Performance evaluation of the multi-purpose driving platform that harvesting work was possible by installing Radish and Chinese cabbage harvest modules. Performance analysis through harvest performance evaluation in various Radish and Chinese cabbage cultivation environments is necessary.