• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.158-167
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• 1996

Food waste left by patients in hospitals is an important indicator of the nutritional adequacy of the patients' diet and of their satisfaction with food. Food wasted by patients or staff in hospitals is one of the most serious problem in hospital foodservice systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the disposal practices of food waste in hospital foodservices for providing basic information for an efficient solid waste management. This approach was achieved using a variety of qualitative and quantitative information including general food waste practices and measurement of food waste left by patients and staff in 20 hospital foodservices. The average food wasted by patients and staff per day was 402.20kg and 206.98kg respectively, being total food waste of 578.08kg per day. The mean plate waste of a staff was 115.95g, which was much lower than that of a patient (221.03g). As means of food waste treatment, most hospitals(60%) are using animal feed, followed by means of collection by contracters(15%) and disposal of waste collection after condensing. An average monthly cost for disposing food waste was 915,000 won and average 138.58 minutes were spent to dispose food waste in hospital foodservices.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.227-231
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the removal characteristics of $PO_4^{3-}-P$ contained in livestock wastewater using waste concrete. With small particle size, increased dosage and temperature of water, $PO_4^{3-}-P$ was well removed by waste concrete.$PO_4^{3-}-P$ was removed by adsorption reaction in low pH of the primary phase, but the crystallization reaction predominated for increasing pH with passed time. As a result of adapting the adsorption isotherm equation, $PO_4^{3-}-P$ removal was more affected by the crystallization reaction than the adsorption reaction. In the SEM micrograph, there was no evident change on the waste concreter surface. Particle size was plate-phase before reaction but appeared a dense form to progress in the crystallization reaction.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.197-220
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• 1998

This study is conducted to examine the ways to reduce the garbage amount by effective recycling food wastes in the cooking. The data is collected from 864 housewives who live in Seoul/Sungnam/Choongju by using questionnaires from 24 November 1997 to 5 January 1998. The results are as follows; The level of their needs of reusing food wastes in the cooking is high but the level of their participation and its satisfaction to reuse housewives is low. Especially they take part in reusing the garbage in pre-treatment less than edibile plate wastes. These factors result from lacking of their consciousness and knowledge of methods to reuse food wastes. Therefore it is said that consumer should make an effort themselves to participate in reusing food waste researcher should search the way to efficiently reuse the food waste and government should found the policy to provide information and education program for reusing food waste. The more seriously they perceive food waste reuse the mo e they want the way to accelerate food waste reuse by consumer researcher and government.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2013

We developed a poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) indicator plate and isolated a marine bacterial colony capable of biodegrading PBS based on the appearance of a clear zone. Growth of the PBS-2 isolate was observed over 4 days of culture at $37^{\circ}C$ in PBS-tryptone basal liquid medium, but not in PBS-deprived control medium. The PBS-2 isolate was named Paenibacillus sp. PBS-2 based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The PBS-biodegrading marine bacterium isolated in this study will contribute to the effective management of PBS waste problems in marine environments.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1993

The objective of this study was to investigate the extraction of chromium(Vl) ion in waste water through the liquid surfactant membrane with open-type Perforated Reciprocating-Plate Column. Extraction experiments were conducted to measure the effect of flow characteristics of continuous and dispersed phase and stroke velocity, sodium hydroxide concentraction in internal aqueous phase, sulfuric acid concentraction in outer phase, and residence time distribution and measured extraction velocity. The result of experiments showed that extraction velocity of chromium ion was maximum when stroke velocity was 180 1/min and dispersion phase velocity was 30m11min, continuous phase velocity was 20m1/min. Extraction velocity of chromium ion increased with increasing difference of hydrogen ion concentraction of dispersion and continuous phase and column stage decreased.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2019

Recently, as the high-precision machinery industry has developed rapidly, peripheral equipment has been developed to improve machining efficiency. Peripheral equipment for machining includes cooling units, housings, oil separators, and much more. Oil, such as cleaning and cutting fluids, is used for machining. When waste oil is reused, the contamination of the workpieces and reduction in machining accuracy are generated by the waste oil, including sludge. Therefore, the development of an oil separator is necessary for efficiently separating oil, water, and sludge. The purpose of this study is to analyze the oil separation efficiency and flow characteristics of a high-speed centrifugal separator according to the rotation velocity and diffusion plate. The oil separation efficiency and flow characteristics were analyzed using hydrodynamic theory and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results of this study will be used as basic data for the development of a high-speed centrifugal separator.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2000년도 추계학술대회:통일한국을 대비한 영양감시체계 개발
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• pp.103-103
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• 2000

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.484-492
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• 2005

The purposes of the study were to analyze nutrients of the menus served and to evaluate students' nutrient consumption at school food services. Three middle schools (boys, girls, and co-ed schools) were located in Seoul and Kyunggi Province. A weighed plate method was employed to measure plate wastes and consumption of the menus served. Data was collected for 3 consecutive days at each school. Nutrient analyses for the served and consumed menus were performed using CAN-PRO. On average the students consumed $67\%$ of the menus they were served. By menu category, the students consumed more than $90\%$ of the rice and one-dish foods they were served. Kimchis ($54\%$) and soups/stews ($55\%$) were the menu categories with the lowest consumption rates. The menus served at the boys and coed schools did not meet 1/3 of the recommended daily allowances (RDA) for calcium, iron, and vitamin $B_2$. Due to the plate wastes, the actual consumption of the boys school students did not meet the 1/3 RDA for calories, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin $B_1$ vitamin $B_2$ and niacin. The menus served at the girls school exceeded the 1/3 RDA for all nutrients, but the actual consumption did not meet the 1/3 RDA for calcium, iron, and vitamin $B_2$. During the 3-day periods, the served and consumed menus provided $27\%$ and $24\%$ of energy from fat, which exceeded the recommended proportion of $20\%$. To improve nutrition management at school food services, dietitians should understand factors that influence students' consumption and implement nutrition education programs that emphasize balanced diets.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.531-535
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• 2017

Enormous amount of waste oyster-shell (OS) has a major disposal problem in coastal regions. OSs have attracted much attention for recycling, because these are mainly composed of calcium carbonate with rare impurities. In this study, we demonstrate the calcareous deposit films on steel plate by using OSs on the basic of cathodic protection technique. The composition of the OSs was analyzed by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Carbon dioxide gas was pumped into distilled water to make carbonic acid solution for dissolution of OS. The calcareous deposit was characterized by second electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction. Corrosion rates were estimated by measurements of anodic polarization and immersion test. It is confirmed that calcareous deposits on steel plate are formed under all condition of cathodic protection by using waste OS from the SEM and EDX results. Calcareous deposits on steel by OS provide good corrosion resistance by acting as a barrier to oxygen supply to the steel surface.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2006

This paper describes the results of a series of field experiments which are carried out to assess the reduction effect of railroad vibration by utilizing waste tires. The ground vibration due to train service is measured in Honam Railroad line and Kyongbu Railroad line to assess the ground vibration with the domestic railroad line and train type before field model test. From the results of these tests, frequency on train service is presented from 5Hz to 100Hz and a range of excellence frequency is presented to be about from 20Hz to 40Hz in the domestic railroad line. Also, plate bearing tests are conducted to evaluate the variation of bearing capacity with different thickness of the waste tire layer and the fill layer. Finally, field model test is performed by using tire chips ($5cm{\times}5cm$ in size) as a reduction material of railroad vibration. The reduction effect of railroad vibration by utilizing waste tires increases with increasing the thickness of the waste tire layer and the frequency of the vibration source. The results of this experimental study was shown that the waste tire can be used for reduction of the railroad vibration.