• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.45-50
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• 2014

In the previous paper, we have reported on the development of foaming sponge seat with the auxiliary spring member and suggested new possibility of the special seat with the auxiliary plastic member for movie theater chair. In this study, we have examined the major design parameters needed in the development of a foaming sponge seat in which the mesh type plastic member are inserted to improve the vibration transfer effect of a chair seat. Through analyzing several prototypes by applying experimentation as well as the experimental modal analysis method, it was confirmed that the effect of vibration transfer can be improved through the use of a mesh type plastic member and applied to the design of practical chair seat.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.126-129
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• 2024

The square flap method has been successful in releasing contracture bands at various body regions. However, the original square flap method alone may not be efficient in releasing long contracture bands. We, therefore, proposed an extended design to the traditional design, which is called the "square-plus flap." A 4-year-old girl presented with a postburn web-like contracture band over the right axilla. We marked a square flap technique at the center of the contracture band and then two additional Z-plasties were placed on both edges of the flap. After the release and securing of the square flap, the adjacent distal Z-plasty was then transposed and sutured in their new locations. We do not need to incise the proximal Z-plasty as we could achieve complete relaxation of the contracture band. This novel modification can be added to the plastic surgeon's armamentarium for releasing long postburn contracture bands involving distinct body regions.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.73 no.6
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• pp.699-714
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• 2020

Force based design (FBD) approach is prevalent in most of the national seismic design codes world over. Direct displacement based design (DDBD) and energy based design (EBD) approaches are relatively new methods of seismic design which claims to be more rational and predictive than the FBD. These three design approaches are conceptually distinct and imparts different strength, stiffness and ductility property to structural members for same plan configuration. In present study behavioural assessment of frame of six storey RC building designed using FBD, DDBD and EBD approaches has been performed. Lateral storey forces distribution, reinforcement design and results of nonlinear performance using static and dynamic methods have been compared. For the three approaches, considerable difference in lateral storey forces distribution and reinforcement design has been observed. Nonlinear pushover analysis and time history analysis results show that in FBD frame plastic deformation is concentrated in the lower storey, in EBD frame large plastic deformation is concentrated in the middle storeys though the inelastic hinges are well distributed over the height and, in DDBD frame plastic deformation is approximately uniform over the height. Overall the six storey frame designed using DDBD approach seems to be more rational than the other two methods.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.69 no.6
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• pp.651-665
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• 2019

Past earthquakes have shown that appropriately designed and detailed buildings with shear walls have great performance such a way that a considerable portion of inelastic energy dissipation occurs in these structural elements. A plastic hinge is fundamentally an energy diminishing means which decrease seismic input energy through the inelastic deformation. Plastic hinge development in a RC shear wall in the areas which have plastic behavior depends on the ground motions characteristics as well as shear wall details. One of the most generally used forms of structural walls is flanged RC wall. Because of the flanges, these types of shear walls have large in-plane and out-of-plane stiffness and develop high shear stresses. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the main characteristics of these structural components and provide a more comprehensive expression of plastic hinge length in the application of performance-based seismic design method and promote the development of seismic design codes for shear walls. In this regard, the effects of axial load level, wall height, wall web and flange length, as well as various features of earthquakes, are examined numerically by finite element methods and the outcomes are compared with consistent experimental data. Based on the results, a new expression is developed which can be utilized to determine the length of plastic hinge area in the flanged RC shear walls.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

In view of the increasing utility of concrete as a construction material, the major challenge is to improve the quality of construction. Nowadays the common problem faced by many of the concrete plants is the shortage of river sand as fine aggregate material. This led to the utilization of locally available materials from quarries as fine aggregate. With the percentage of fines present in Crushed Rock Fines (CRF)or crushed sand is more compared to river sand, it shows a better performance in terms of fresh properties. The present study deals with the formulation of SCC mix design based on the chosen plastic viscosity of the mix and the measured plastic viscosity of cement pastes incorporating supplementary cementitious materials with CRF and river sand as a fine aggregate. Four different combinations including two binary and one ternary mix are adopted for the current study. Influence of plastic viscosity of the mix on the fresh and hardened properties are investigated for SCC mixes with varying water to cement ratios. It is observed that for an increasing plastic viscosity of the mix, slump flow, T500 and J-ring spread increased but V-funnel and L-box decreased. Compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths decreased with the increase in plastic viscosity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2023

This study was conducted to examine the possibility of use as a structural material for ginseng cultivation facilities of recycled plastics. In order to determine the possibility that recycled plastic can replace timber used as a structural material for ginseng cultivation facilities, the specimens collected by elapsed time were compared with timber through bending tests. In addition, in order to analyze the effect of external environmental conditions on recycled plastic products, bending test was conducted with the specimens that had completed weathering test and accelerated heat aging test respectively. As a result, the bending strength of recycled plastic specimens with the elapsed time of 360 days was lower than that of timber. But bending strength of recycled plastic specimens exceeded the design allowable stress standard set by the Korea design standard (MOLIT, 2016). There was no degradation in quality of recycled plastic due to the external environment, and it was found that there would be no problem even if it was used as a structural material for ginseng cultivation facilities.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.582-588
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• 2005

Digital imaging is emerging as a standard method for patient documentation in clinical setting. Managing patient expectations before aesthetic surgery can greatly improve patient satisfaction after surgery. The patient who visited for plastic surgery wants a predicted figure after the operation. A virtual plastic surgery software is necessary in order to satisfy the desire of patients. Adobe $Photoshop^{(R)}$ is the professional standard in desktop digital imaging, offers indispensable new features for graphic and web design, photography, and video. Using imaging technology, it takes just minutes to realistically simulate the results of double eyelid operation, liposuction, rhinoplasty or any other aesthetic procedure. The aim of this study is to analyze the significance of the digital image processing and to introduce the virtual plastic surgery using Adobe $Photoshop^{(R)}$.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.7 no.2 s.24
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• pp.35-44
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• 2007

The characteristics of elasto-plastic responses of a gymnasium building which is a steel braced frame with membrane roof is discussed as a basic research on the performance based seismic design of large span structures, in this paper. Under the strong earthquake motions, the formation of plastic hinges on braces attached by the bottom frame make reduce down the stresses and displacements of upper structures, and vertical acceleration of the membrane is tend to increase but maximum response of strain and corresponding stresses are tend to be reduced.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.386-389
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• 2019

The development of breast implant technology continues to evolve over time, but changes in breast shape after implantation have not been fully elucidated. Thus, we performed computerized finite element analysis in order to better understand the trajectory of changes and stress variation after breast implantation. The finite element analysis of changes in breast shape involved two components: a static analysis of the position where the implant is inserted, and a dynamic analysis of the downward pressure applied in the direction of gravity during physical activity. Through this finite element analysis, in terms of extrinsic changes, it was found that the dimensions of the breast implant and the position of the top-point did not directly correspond to the trajectory of changes in the breast after implantation. In addition, in terms of internal changes, static and dynamic analysis showed that implants with a lower top-point led to an increased amount of stress applied to the lower thorax. The maximum stress values were 1.6 to 2 times larger in the dynamic analysis than in the static analysis. This finding has important implications for plastic surgeons who are concerned with long-term changes or side effects, such as bottoming-out, after anatomic implant placement.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2024

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a fusion method that combines the design of experiments (DOE) and machine learning to optimize the bias of plastic products. The study focuses on the plastic motor housing used in automobiles, which is manufactured through plastic injection molding. Achieving optimal molding for the motor housing involves the optimization of various molding conditions, including injection pressure, injection time, holding pressure, mold temperature, and cooling time. Failure to optimize these conditions can lead to increased product deformation. To minimize the deformation of the motor housing, the widely used Taguchi method, which is one of the design of experiment techniques, was employed to identify the injection molding conditions that affect deformation. Machine learning was then applied to various models based on the identified molding conditions. Among the models, the Random Forest model emerged as the most effective in predicting deformation amounts. The validity of the Random Forest model was also confirmed through verification. The verification results demonstrated the excellent prediction accuracy of the trained Random Forest model. By utilizing the validated model, molding conditions that minimize deformation were determined. Implementation of these optimal molding conditions led to a reduction of approximately 5.3% in deformation compared to the conditions before optimization. It is noteworthy that all injection molding outcomes presented in this paper were obtained through robust injection molding simulations, ensuring both research objectivity and speed.