• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2014

The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant defense system of cinnamaldehyde in normal, diabetic rats and its possible protection of pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells against its gradual loss under diabetic conditions. In vitro free radical scavenging effect of cinnamaldehyde was determined using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-dipicrylhydrazyl), superoxide radical, and nitric oxide radical. Streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats were orally administered with cinnamaldehyde at concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight for 45 days. At the end of the experiment, the levels of plasma lipid peroxides and antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E, ceruloplasmin, catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and glutathione peroxidase were determined. A significant increase in the levels of plasma glucose, vitamin E, ceruloplasmin, and lipid peroxides and significant decrease in the levels of plasma insulin and reduced glutathione were observed in the diabetic rats. Also the activities of pancreatic antioxidant enzymes were altered in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. The altered enzyme activities were reverted to near-normal levels after treatment with cinnamaldehyde and glibenclamide. Histopathological studies also revealed a protective effect of cinnamaldehyde on pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells. Cinnamaldehyde enhances the antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species produced under hyperglycemic conditions and thus protects pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells against their loss and exhibits antidiabetic properties.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 1994

Stem tissues of tomato plants (cv. Kwanyang) inoculated with Phytophthora capsici were examined by light and electron microscopy to compare early cytological differences between comaptible and incompatible interactions of tomatoes with the fungus. Twenty four hours after inoculation, the compatible isolate S 197 colonized severely the epidermis, cortex, and xylem vessels of stem tissue, whereas only few fungal cells colonized the stem tissues inoculated with the incompatible isolate CBS 178.26. Fragmented plasma membrane, distorted chloroplast, degraded cell wall, remnants of host cytoplasm were early ultrastructural features of the damaged host cell observed both in the compatible and incompatible interaction, a number of vesicles were distributed in the space between fungal cell walls and plasma membrane. The degradation of host cell walls by P. capsici was more pronounced in the compatible than the incompatible interactions. The incompatible interactions of tomato cells with P. capsici were characterized by formation of host cell wall apposition in the cortical parenchyma cells, indicating that the apposition of electron-dense material from the host cell walls may function as a plant defense reaction to the fungus. The fungal cells encased by wall appositions had abnormal cytoplasm and separated plasma membranes. The haustorium which formed from the fungal hyphae did not further penetrate through the host wall apposition and cytoplasmic aggregation, especially in the incompatible reactions. In contrast, the haustorium of the compatible isolate S 197 was not encased by wall appositions.

• BMB Reports
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.671-678
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• 2019

The random V(D)J recombination process ensures the diversity of the primary immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire. In two thirds of cases, imprecise recombination between variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) segments induces a frameshift in the open reading frame that leads to the appearance of premature termination codons (PTCs). Thus, many B lineage cells harbour biallelic V(D)J-rearrangements of Ig heavy or light chain genes, with a productively-recombined allele encoding the functional Ig chain and a nonproductive allele potentially encoding truncated Ig polypeptides. Since the pattern of Ig gene expression is mostly biallelic, transcription initiated from nonproductive Ig alleles generates considerable amounts of primary transcripts with out-of-frame V(D)J junctions. How RNA surveillance pathways cooperate to control the noise from nonproductive Ig genes will be discussed in this review, focusing on the benefits of nonsense- mediated mRNA decay (NMD) activation during B-cell development and detrimental effects of nonsense-associated altered splicing (NAS) in terminally differentiated plasma cells.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.2.1-2.8
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• 2024

This study was performed to assess the antiapoptotic effect of canine platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treated on the canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) under cold ischemic conditions. The effect of preventing apoptosis of cMSCs was evaluated in the apoptotic condition induced by cold ischemic injury in vitro. To determine the progression of apoptosis, the changes in cell nucleus were observed using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorescence staining. In addition, we examined the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and caspase-3 activity. When the cold hypoxic injury was applied to cMSCs, the apoptotic change was observed by DAPI staining, mitochondrial staining for MMP, and caspase-3 assay. PRP significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells. Nuclear shrinkage and fragmentation of apoptotic cells in control groups were observed by DAPI staining. The MMP was recovered by the treatment of PRP. In addition, when the luminescence intensity was measured for caspase-3 activity, the value was significantly higher in the PRP treated groups than the control groups. The results of this study showed that the PRP may have a beneficial effect on apoptosis induced by cold ischemic injury.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 1994

This study was conducted to evaluate dietary fat intake and its effect on the plasma lipids and fatty acids composition in plasma and red blood cells(RBC) in 96 healthy Korean female college student. Three-day food intakes were recorded, and fasting blood samples were collected and analyzed for plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride. Fatty acid compositions were determined in plasma and RBC membrane. Oleic acid was the most abundant in diet, followed by palmitic and linoleic acids. Mean daily intake of cholesterol was 219$\pm$127mg, mean plasma cholesterol was 160$\pm$24mg/이 and mean plasma triglyceride was 68$\pm$25mg/dl. Plasma fatty acids were mostly composed of linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids, while palmitic, stearic and arachidonic acids were high in RBC membrane. Plasma triglyceride showed positive correlation with BMI. Among dietary fatty acids, arachidonic acid, EPA and DHA showed negative correlation with plasma total cholesterol. Plasma triglyceride levels were negatively correlated with dietary arachidonic acid, plasma n-6 fatty acids and plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids. Dietary EPA and DHA levels were positively correlated with plasma EPA, dietary n-3/n-6 ratio were positively correlated with plasma n-3 fatty acids and n-3/n-6 ratio. Highly significant correlations were shown between the levels in plasma and RBC for several fatty acids.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08a
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• pp.582-584
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• 2007

In order to improve the accuracy of simulated results, new UV source was designed. Previously the optical simulation was performed with the symmetric planar UV source. To design new UV source, UV distribution from the plasma fluid code was implanted to the 3-dimensional optical code to generate the visible light distribution. The results from planar UV source and new UV source were compared with the ICCD (Intensified CCD) image in real PDP cell and analyzed the variation of geometries and optical properties.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2006

High-density micromass culture was needed to take three dimensions culture with ASCs(adipose derived stromal cells) and chondrogenesis. However, the synthetic polymer has hydrophobic character and low affinity to cells and other biomolecules. Therefore, the surface modification without changes of physical and chemical properties is necessary for more suitable condition to cells and biomolecules. This study was performed to investigate the effect of surface modification of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) scaffold by plasma treatment (P(+)) on the adhesion, proliferation and chondrogenesis of ASCs, and not plasma treatment (P(-)). ASCs were isolated from human subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained by lipectomy and liposuction. At 1 hour 30 minutes and 3days after cell seeding onto the P(-) group and the P(+) group, total DNA amount of attached and proliferated ASCs markedly increased in the P(+) group (p < 0.05). The changes of the actin under confocal microscope were done for evaluation of cellular affinity, at 1 hour 30 minutes, the shape of the cells was spherical form in all group. At 3rd day, the shape of the cells was fiber network form and finely arranged in P(+) group rather than in P(-) group. RT-PCR analysis of cartilage-specific type II collagen and link protein were expressed in 1, 2 weeks of induction. Amount of Glycoaminoglycan (GAG) markedly increased in P(+) group(p < 0.05). In a week, extracellular matrix was not observed in the Alcian blue and Safranin O staining. However in 2 weeks, it was observed that sulfated proteoglycan increased in P(+) group rather than in P(-) group. In conclusion, we recognized that plasma treatment of PLGA scaffold could increase the hydrophilic property of cells, and provide suitable environment for high-density micromass culture to chondrogenesis

• Vacuum Magazine
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.9-15
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• 2015

Nonthermal bio-compatible plasma (bioplasma) sources and their characteristics operating at atmospheric pressure could be used for biological cell interactions, especially for plasma bioscience and medicines. The electron temperatures and plasma densities of this bioplasma are measured to be 0.7 ~ 1.8 eV and $(3-5){\times}10^{14-15}cm^{-3}$, respectively. Herein, we introduced general schematic view of the plasma-initiated ultraviolet photolysis of water inside the biological solutions or living tissue for the essential generation mechanism of the reactive hydroxyl radical [OH] and hydrogen peroxide [$H_2O_2$], which may result in apoptotic cell death in plasma bioscience and medicines. Further, we surveyed the various nonthermal bioplasma sources including plasma jet, micro-DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) and nanosecond discharged plasma. The diseased biological protein, cancer, and mutated cells could be treated by these bioplasma sources or bioplasma activated water to result in their apoptosis for new paradigm of plasma bioscience and medicines.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.68-72
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• 2022

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder of mature T follicular helper cells. Atypical lymphoid cells were observed in the bone marrow of an 80-year-old woman, and the flow cytometric determined immunophenotypes of B-cells were unusual, that is, CD19+, CD20-, and CD22- with lambda light chain restriction. Initially, we suspected BM involvement of B-cell lymphoma based on the presence of abnormal B-cells. However, the patient was diagnosed with AITL involving BM. A re-analysis of flow cytometric immunophenotyping revealed a minor, aberrant T-cell population, and the lambda light chain restriction observed by surface staining was considered non-specific binding. This case demonstrates B-cells in patients with EBV-positive T-cell lymphoma may exhibit immunophenotypes resembling those of plasma cells, and that proliferation of abnormal B-cells or plasma cells could also potentially mask underlying T-cell lymphoma. A more integrated approach is required for accurate diagnosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.208.2-208.2
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• 2016

Many researchers have paid attention to the studies on the interaction between non-thermal plasma and aqueous solutions for biomedical applications. The gas composition in the plasma is very important. Oxygen and nitrogen are the main gases of interest in biological applications. Especially, we focus on the oxygen concentration. In this experiment, we studied the role of oxygen concentration in plasma induced chemical reactions in solution. At first, the amount of ions are measured according to changing the oxygen concentration. And we checked the relationship between these ions and pH value. Secondly, when the oxygen concentration is changed, it identified the type and amount of radical generated by the plasma. In order to confirm the effect of these chemical property change to biological material, hemoglobin and RBCs are chosen. RBCs are one of the common basic biological cells. Thirdly, when plasma treated according to oxygen concentration in nitrogen feeding gas, oxidation of hemoglobin and RBC is checked. Finally, membrane oxidation of RBC is measured to examine the relation between hemoglobin oxidation and membrane damage through relative hemolysis and Young's modulus. Our results suggest that reactive species generated by the plasma differsdepending on the oxygen concentration changes. The pH values are decreased when oxygen concentration increased. OH decrease and NO increase are also observed. These reactive species makes change of chemical properties of solution. We also able to confirm that the difference in these reactive species to affect the oxidation of the Hb and RBCs. The Hb and RBCs are more oxidized with the high oxygen concentration conditions. But membrane is damaged more by plasma treatment with only nitrogen gas. It is shown that red blood cells membrane damage and oxidation of hemoglobin are not directly related.