• 대한화학회지
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• 제65권5호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2021

Menthol (M) is a cyclic monoterpenode and is a major component of essential oils. Menthol, along with menthol, isomenton, etc., gives taste and odor of the mint plant, and when it comes to menthol in general, L- or (-) -menthol is usually used. Included in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and pesticides. It has antimicrobial, antibacterial, antioxidant properties. It is also known that the licorice plant (Glycyrrhiza Glabra L.) differs from other types of plants by its medicinal properties. For many years it has been used in folk medicine. Extraction of licorice root revealed up to 25% glycyrrhizinic acid (GA). Its aglycone - glycyrrhizic acid is notable for its structural similarity to the adrenal cortex hormones. Currently, GA and glycyrrhizic acid are widely used in medicine as a remedy for colds, allergies, viral diseases, tumors. The biological activity of menthol and GA-based supramolecular compounds has been poorly studied, and their effect on the functional parameters of rat liver mitochondria has been studied little. For this purpose, in our experiments, the effect of menthol (M), glycyrrhizinic acid (GA) and their supramolecular complexes obtained in different proportions on in vitro and in vivo studies on rat liver mitochondria was studied.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2002

Purpose : Three dimensional conformal radiotherapy planning is being used widely for the treatment of patients with brain tumor. However, it takes much time to develop an optimal treatment plan, therefore, it is difficult to apply this technique to all patients. To increase the efficiency of this technique, we need to develop standard radiotherapy plant for each site of the brain. Therefore we developed several 3 dimensional conformal radiotherapy plans (3D plans) for tumors at each site of brain, compared them with each other, and with 2 dimensional radiotherapy plans. Finally model plans for each site of the brain were decide. Materials and Methods : Imaginary tumors, with sizes commonly observed in the clinic, were designed for each site of the brain and drawn on CT images. The planning target volumes (PTVs) were as follows; temporal $tumor-5.7\times8.2\times7.6\;cm$, suprasellar $tumor-3\times4\times4.1\;cm$, thalamic $tumor-3.1\times5.9\times3.7\;cm$, frontoparietal $tumor-5.5\times7\times5.5\;cm$, and occipitoparietal $tumor-5\times5.5\times5\;cm$. Plans using paralled opposed 2 portals and/or 3 portals including fronto-vertex and 2 lateral fields were developed manually as the conventional 2D plans, and 3D noncoplanar conformal plans were developed using beam's eye view and the automatic block drawing tool. Total tumor dose was 54 Gy for a suprasellar tumor, 59.4 Gy and 72 Gy for the other tumors. All dose plans (including 2D plans) were calculated using 3D plan software. Developed plans were compared with each other using dose-volume histograms (DVH), normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) and variable dose statistic values (minimum, maximum and mean dose, D5, V83, V85 and V95). Finally a best radiotherapy plan for each site of brain was selected. Results : 1) Temporal tumor; NTCPs and DVHs of the normal tissue of all 3D plans were superior to 2D plans and this trend was more definite when total dose was escalated to 72 Gy (NTCPs of normal brain 2D $plans:27\%,\;8\%\rightarrow\;3D\;plans:1\%,\;1\%$). Various dose statistic values did not show any consistent trend. A 3D plan using 3 noncoplanar portals was selected as a model radiotherapy plan. 2) Suprasellar tumor; NTCPs of all 3D plans and 2D plans did not show significant difference because the total dose of this tumor was only 54 Gy. DVHs of normal brain and brainstem were significantly different for different plans. D5, V85, V95 and mean values showed some consistent trend that was compatible with DVH. All 3D plans were superior to 2D plans even when 3 portals (fronto-vertex and 2 lateral fields) were used for 2D plans. A 3D plan using 7 portals was worse than plans using fewer portals. A 3D plan using 5 noncoplanar portals was selected as a model plan. 3) Thalamic tumor; NTCPs of all 3D plans were lower than the 2D plans when the total dose was elevated to 72 Gy. DVHs of normal tissues showed similar results. V83, V85, V95 showed some consistent differences between plans but not between 3D plans. 3D plans using 5 noncoplanar portals were selected as a model plan. 4) Parietal (fronto- and occipito-) tumors; all NTCPs of the normal brain in 3D plans were lower than in 2D plans. DVH also showed the same results. V83, V85, V95 showed consistent trends with NTCP and DVH. 3D plans using 5 portals for frontoparietal tumor and 6 portals for occipitoparietal tumor were selected as model plans. Conclusion : NTCP and DVH showed reasonable differences between plans and were through to be useful for comparing plans. All 3D plans were superior to 2D plans. Best 3D plans were selected for tumors in each site of brain using NTCP, DVH and finally by the planner's decision.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.189-196
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• 2006

2003년 대전광역시 유성구에서 벤자민고무나무의 줄기에 뿌리혹병이 발생하였다. 혹은 15cm정도의 크기로 표면이 거칠고 갈변된 타원형이었다. 혹 조직으로부터 Agrobacterium과 유사한 세균을 분리하였으며 벤자민고무나무의 유묘에 접종하여 혹을 형성한 5개 균주 중에서 2가지 계통에 대하여 분류학적 특성을 조사하였다. 0.5% $CaCO_3$가 첨가된 PDA 배지에서 생장된 병원성 세균들은 둥글고 볼록하면서 광택이 나는 크림색 계통이었다. 모든 균주는 다수의 편모를 가진 간상의 세균으로 그람음성이었으며 호기적으로 생장하면서 D1M agar에서도 생장하였다. 병원성 세균들은 대조균주와 상이한 특성을 가지고 있었으나 주요 생리 생화학적특성, 탄소원 이용양상, 지방산조성 분석 결과에 근거하여 A. larrymoorei와 A. tumefacien로 동정되었다. A. larrymoorei와 A. tumefaciens는 포도를 제외한 타 기주식물에서도 병원성이 있었다. 국내에서 A. larrymoorei와 A. tumefaciens에 의한 벤자민고무나무의 뿌리혹병은 본 연구에서 처음 보고된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 1996

The prescription, Kilkyungtang (KKT), which originally consists of twelve kinds of medicinal plant materials and was used as a decoction for the treatment of malignant tumors and two modified Kilkyungtangs (KKT-1 and KKT-2), supplemented by the additional crude drug to KKT (KKT-1:Houttuyniae herba, and KKT-2:Oldenlandiae diffusae herba) were investigated on their antitumoral properties, in vivo respectively. All KKTs were found to exhibit significant life time-prolonging effects when they were administered orally to Sarcoma-180 bearing ICR mice for 7 days. (ILS was estimated as 20% in KKT, 42% in KKT-1 and 57% in KKT-2). A profound lessening of tumor weights was also observed when KKTs were administered to $B16-F_0$ bearing C57B/6 mice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1871-1877
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• 2014

Enhancing of radioresponsiveness of tumors by using radiosensitizers is a promising approach to increase the efficacy of radiation therapy. Recently, the ethanolic extract of the medicinal plant, Derris scandens Benth has been identified as a potent radiosensitizer of human colon cancer HT29 cells. However, cell death mechanisms underlying radiosensitization activity of D scandens extract have not been identified. Here, we show that treatment of HT-29 cells with D scandens extract in combination with gamma irradiation synergistically sensitizes HT-29 cells to cell lethality by apoptosis and mitotic catastrophe. Furthermore, the extract was found to decrease Erk1/2 activation. These findings suggest that D scandens extract mediates radiosensitization via at least two distinct modes of cell death and silences pro-survival signaling in HT-29 cells.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2006

There is great demand of nutraceutical secondary metabolites in the world so as to feed the population by improving agricultural production with new varieties of food crops but what is still more important is to add nutrition into the food. Physalis minima, plant of Solanaceae family, contain certain secondary metabolites which enhance the over all metabolic functions of the body. Withasteroids are one of such phytochemicals that are generally regarded as safe. These chemicals are almost monopoly of the plants of Solanaceae. The leaves, stem and roots of P. minima have been examined to yield several steroids, identification of which has been discussed in this paper. These withasteroids contribute to the potential nutraceutical and health function value since incorporation of withanolides in the diet may prevent or decrease the growth of tumors in humans.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.207-210
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• 2008

In March of 2003, tumors (galls) were observed on ginseng seedling roots in ginseng seedbeds at Yeoju, Gyeonggi province, Korea. Symptoms were spherical or galls with about 0.5-1.0cm in diameter formed on the upper through middle parts of the primary roots. Bacterial isolates obtained from the root galls were Gram-negative, rod-shaped with peritrichous flagella, aerobic, not forming yellow or orange colonies on nutrient glucose agar, yeast extract-dextrose $CaCO_3$ agar and nutrient-broth yeast extract agar, non-fluorescent on King's B agar, and non-spore forming, which were identical to characteristics of the genus Agrobacterium. They were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens with 0.732-0.993 similarities in 100% probability by the Biolog analyses. The 16S rRNA gene partial sequences of the six isolates tested (Genbank Accession EF486308-EF486313) were 100% homologous to those of other A. tumefaciens strains (GenBank accession AF501343, AY701900, AY701898, AY701899). The above results confirmed that this bacterium is A. tumefaciens. Pathogenicity of the bacteria was proved by the inoculation test on carrot root discs and tomato seedlings. This is the first description of A. tumefaciens causing root gall in ginseng seedling. The disease occurred locally and sparsely, but considering its appearances in seedbeds suggests that the ginseng root gall may become a threat to ginseng in Korea.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.423-431
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• 2001

Agrobacterium에 의한 식물형질전환은 가장 일반적으로 많은 사용되는 식물형질전환 기술이냐 이 과정에서 관여하는 식물 유전자들에 대한 관여하는 식물 유전자들에게 대한 연구는 거의 전무한 상태다. 본 연구는 Agrobacterium의 감염에 저항성을 보이는 새로운 돌연변이들의 분리와 분석 연구에 연속하여 Agrobacterium에 의한 식물형질전환에 관여하는 Arabidopsis RAT3 유전자의 cDNA와 gemonic clone을 plasmid rescue 기술을 이용하여 분리하였다. 염기서열 분석결과, 매우 유사한 2개의 유전자가 (RAT3-1과 RAT3-2)약 600bp 간격을 두고 연속하여 존재함을 밝혔다. 그중 RAT3-1 이 mutagen으로 사용된 T-DNA에 의해 손상을 받아 rat3 돌연변이 형질이 유도되었다. RAT3 유전자의 단백질의 분자량은 15 kDa 정도이며 아미노 밀단에 분비를 위한 signal peptide를 가지며 단백질이 전체적인 매우 친수성인 것으로 미루어 세포막 밖으로 분비될 것으로 생각된다. 이들 유전자의 정확한 생물학적 기능에 대한 연구들이 수행 중이며, 이러한 기초연구는 식물형질전환 기술의 개발에 기여할 것이다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 1967

Up to the present time, there are only three methods by which we can obtain bacteria free crown gall tissue. According to some papers related to this field, the first method is based on the works of Braun(53') who maintained infected plants at 46-47'c for several days. But the method has a problem that very few plants can tolerate this temperature. The second method is based on the well known observation that old tumors appear to be bacteria free at least 1 or 2% of the explants. Also this method is known to us as laborious and time consuming. The third method is the one we were using that was attempting to kill the bacteria with bacteriacidal agent such as Antibiotics. In fact., it is reported that almost complete control of crown gall of tomato was obtained by Blanchard('51) when plants were grown in a nutrient containing Aureomycin(20${\mu}g$/ml) following needle puncture with the gall bacteria. We have been engaged in making the experiment by applying solution of Penicillin, Streptomycin and of Chloramphenicol(Succinate free) to find the strong bacteriacidal agent through the method of disc plate, and to confirm the effect of antimicrobial action through the method of plant tissue culture system without possible injury to the host plant. The result of this report is the fact the strongest bacteriacidal agent among the above three Antibiotics was Chloramphenicol(Succinate free 1000 p.p.m). and that there happened no injury to the tissue cultures in a White's 10X media containing 1000 p.p.m. of Chloramphenicol.

• 식물병연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2006

2001년 경기도 화성시와 2004년 경상북도 구미시에서 국화의 줄기와 뿌리에 뿌리혹병이 발생하였다. 혹의 모양과 색은 상이하였으나 표면이 거칠고 갈변된 타원형이었다. 혹 조직으로부터 분리한 20개 균주 중 국화의 유묘에 접종하여 혹을 형성한 9개 균주에 대하여 분류학적 특성을 조사하였다. 0.5% $CaCO_3$가 첨가된 PDA배지에서 생장된 콜로니들은 둥글고 볼록하면서 광택이 나는 크림색이었다. 모든 균주는 다수의 편모를 가진 간상의 세균으로 그람음성이면서 호기적으로 생장하였으며 D1M agar 에서도 생장하였다. 병원성 세균들은 대조균주와 상이한 특성을 가지고 있었으나 주요 생리 생화학적특성, 탄소원 이용양상, 지방산조성 비교 결과에 근거하여 8개 균주는 Agrobacterium tumefaciens로 1개 균주는 A. rubi로 동정되었다. A. tumefaciens 계통들은 A. rubi 계통보다 병원성이 강하였으며 기주범위가 넓었다. 국내에서 A. tumefaciens와 A. rubi에 의한 국화의 뿌리혹병은 본 연구에서 처음 보고되는 것이며 자연상태에서 A. rubi에 의해 국화의 뿌리혹병이 발생된 사례는 전 세계적으로 처음이다.