• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.235-238
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• 2017

Colorado potato beetle is a most destructive insect pest of potato throughout the world. Although utilization of chemical insecticides is a main method for management of this pest, their negative side-effects such as threat to humans and the environmental pollution prompted researchers to search for natural alternatives. Recently plant essential oils with low or without side-effects against noun-targeted organisms and with high availability were considered as safe bio-pesticides. In the present study, toxicity of essential oil of Iranian lemongrass, Cymbopogon citratus Stapf, was evaluated against 3th instar larvae and adults of Colorado potato beetle by a leaf dipping method. Results displayed essential oil had notable toxicity against both larvae and adults after 24 and 48 h exposure times. Probit analysis revealed $LC_{50}$ values (lethal concentration to kill 50% of population) with 95% confidence limits were 10.32 (9.17 - 11.72) and 7.76 (6.80 - 8.74) ${\mu}l/ml$ for larvae and 6.27 (4.82 - 8.15) and 4.35 (3.24 - 5.62) ${\mu}l/ml$ for adults after 24 and 48 h, respectively. Based on regression analysis, a positive correlation between log concentration of essential oil and insect mortality was achieved. Results indicated C. citratus essential oil can be candidate as a natural alternative to the harmful chemical insecticides in the management of Colorado potato beetle.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2008

In a project to study the hepatroprotective effect of some plant extracts four plants Ephedra foliate Boiss, Alhagi maurorum Medikus, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. were studied. The ethanol extract of the aerial part of the first three plants and the flowers of H. sabdariffa were subjected to hepatoprotective assays using Wistar albino rats. Liver injury induced in rats using carbon tetrachloride. The biochemical parameters; serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin were estimated as reflection of the liver condition. Based on the good results of the biochemical parameters measurements, histopathological study was performed on the liver of rats treated with E. foliate. The normal appearance of hepatocytes indicated a good protection of the extract from carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. All the results were compared with silymarin, the reference hepatoprotective drug.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.244-248
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• 2008

It is well known that excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress, loss of cell function, and ultimately apoptosis or necrosis. To search for natural antioxidants able to modulate cellular oxidative stress, we investigated the protective effect of ethanol extracts of 17 medicinal plants selected from the preliminary antioxidant screening on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH)-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes. The result showed that extracts of the four plants, Distylium racemosum, Astilbe chinensis, Cercis chinensis and Sapium japonicum, exhibited significant cytoprotective activity (over 50% protection) against t-BuOOH-induced cellular injury.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.61-61
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• 2017

Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety combined with cultivation technology named IPB Prima was aimed to introduce IPB research product particularly for IPB rice variety with high-yield character that is IPB3S. The rice variety IPB3S and IPB Prima cultivation technology was expected to be one of solution to improve rice productivity and accelerate to food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. Research sctivity was consist of three main research unit i.e. (1) Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety and IPB Prima production technology; (2) The development of Information and management web-based system (IMS) for planning and monitoring IPB3S and IPB Prima application distribution; and (3) The development of High-capacity grain drying system in Fluidized-bed drying ang in-store drying system. The objective of main research i.e. to introduce IPB high-yield rice variety, to accelerate rice productivity to support self-sufficiency, to develop integrated system model through fluidized and in-store drying, and to develop web-based management-information system in result analyzing IPB3S and IPB Prima distribution and technology application. The dissemination activities was arranged in two location. The first location was in Banyuwangi, East Java with total area 10.87 ha, consist of 8.91 ha planting area for IPB3S and 1.96 ha planting area for Ciherang. The second location is in Tegal, Middle Java with total planting area in 5 ha. The experiment was arranged in different treatment of varieties and cultivation method. The experiment consist of (1) rice variety Ciherang with conventional cultivation technology (P0); (2) rice variety Ciherang with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P1); (3) rice variety IPB3S with conventional cultivation technology (P2); (4) rice variety IPB3S with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P3). Planting distance for twin rows system is $50cm{\times}25cm{\times}12.5cm$. Planting distance for single row system is $25cm{\times}25{\times}cm$. The research result elucidated that productivity result in two location has different grades in similar trend. Experiment in Tegal resulted P0 result is $6.18ton\;ha^{-1}$, P1 result is $630ton\;ha^{-1}$, P2 result is $6.82ton\;ha^{-1}$, P3 result is $7.31ton\;ha^{-1}$. Experiment in Banyuwangi resulted optimum production of IPB3S variety productivity number are 7.29 ton ha-1, while Ciherang are $6.73ton\;ha^{-1}$.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-58
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• 2000

Recently the harmfulness of W radiation is in creasing due to encironmental pollution. Environmental population may also play a role in global decrease of ozone layer, A major consequence of ozone depletion is increase in solar ultra violet radiation received at the earth's surface excessive exposure to W radiation cause a lot of problems in our skin. Plant extract that possess antioxidative activities has been reported to retard the oxidation process in product to which they have been added. Plant are alived under solar light. So it is expect the plants have so many protection mechanisms and UV absorbent ingredients against ultra violet radiation such as UVB, UVA. Plant extract which were flavonoids, alkaloids and others could be transformed into UV absorber by chemical modification. Therefore with the aim of finding alternative natural absorber that can safely be used in cosmetic, we have screened various extract for their UV absorbent effect. Thus, the cosmetic safety against human skin, antimicrobial effects and others could be improved by using the silicon.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.55-55
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• 2023

With the COVID-19 pandemic, there is increasing interest in anti-obesity strategies. According to the National Statistical Office, the obesity rate in Korea was 38.3% in 2020 and 37.1% in 2021. Obesity is a risk factor for several severe diseases, including stroke, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Pinus rigida × Pinus taeda is a hybrid of Pinus rigida Mill and Pinus taeda Linn, and its cones are considered a by-product. Although previous studies have investigated their pharmacological effects on antioxidant activity and protection against oxidative DNA damage, few researchers have explored their potential as functional natural materials. Therefore, we evaluated the anti-obesity effects of the cone of ethyl acetate fraction of P. rigida × P. taeda (ERT), specifically its ability to inhibit lipid accumulation. Our analysis showed that ERT contains phytochemicals (catechin and caffeic acid) which are known to improve immune function and inhibit cell damage. ERT inhibited lipid droplet accumulation at the cellular levels through Oil Red O staining. Furthermore, ERT suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ and CEBP/α) as well as downstream lipogenic target genes (FAS and SREBP-1) thereby inhibiting adipogenesis. ERT also down-regulated key adipogenic markers, including aP2α, while inducing the phosphorylation of AMPK. It has been reported that PPARγ and CEBP/α are expressed in the early stages of adipose differentiation, while SREBP-1 is expressed in the late stage. Therefore, our findings suggest that ERT activates AMPK signaling pathways, which inhibits adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1) and lipogenic genes (FAS and aP2α), thereby blocking lipid accumulation and preventing obesity and related disorders. ERT showed potential as a new resource for developing a functional material for anti-obesity agents.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.114-129
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this paper is to confirm the event timings and the magnitude of fission product aerosol release from the Fukushima accident. Over a few hundreds of technical papers have been published on the environmental impact of Fukushima Daiichi accident since the accident occurred on March 11, 2011. However, most of the research used reverse or inverse method based on the monitoring of activities in the remote places and only few papers attempted to estimate the release of fission products from individual reactor core or from individual spent fuel pool. Severe accident analysis code can be used to estimate the radioactive release from which reactor core and from which radionuclide the peaks in monitoring points can be generated. Materials and Methods: The basic material used for this study are the initial core inventory obtained from the report JAEA-Data/Code 2012-018 and the given accident scenarios provided by Japanese Government or Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) in official reports. In this research a forward method using severe accident progression code is used as it might be useful for justifying the results of reverse or inverse method or vice versa. Results and Discussion: The release timing and amounts to the environment are estimated for volatile radioactive fission products such as noble gases, cesium, iodine, and tellurium up to 184 hours (about 7.7 days) after earthquake occurs. The in-plant fission product behaviors and release characteristics to environment are estimated using the severe accident progression analysis code, MELCOR, for Fukushima Daiichi accident. These results are compared with other research results which are summarized in UNSCEAR 2013 Report and other technical papers. Also it may provide the physically based arguments for justifying or suspecting the rationale for the scenarios provided in open literature. Conclusion: The estimated results by MELCOR code simulation of this study indicate that the release amount of volatile fission products to environment from Units 1, 2, and 3 cores is well within the range estimated by the reverse or inverse method, which are summarized in UNSCEAR 2013 report. But this does not necessarily mean that these two approaches are consistent.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.121-134
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• 1976

There are many evidences that vaiious plant pathogenes were introduced with imported plants and agricultural productsrfrom foreign countries and caused heavy losses of domestic economic plants, ever since the early twentieth century when our country began to trade plants and agricultural products with foreign countries. There are many ways that foreign plant pathogenes have been introduced into our country, but the main route is considered to be imported plants and agricultural products contaminated with plant pathogenes. Plant quarantine which prevent effectively introduction of plant pathogenes from abroad was practiced for the first time in our country in 1912, and that is relatively earlier activity in the history of plant quarantine of the world. Several plant pathogenes have been introduced into our country even after plant quarantine had been practiced. Particularly for about 15 years, from the 2nd World War to 1961 when the law of Plant Protection was enacted and practical works of plant quarantine was reoperated, Korean agriculture was opened to various foreign plant pathogenes as a lapse period of plant quarantine in our country. Introduced plant pathogenes are, for the most part, from Japan because of depending upon Japan in the foreign trade of plants and agricultural products of our country. As present plant quarantine is required more exactness and rapidness, reasonable organization of quarantine system including more trained quarantine specialists, modernized facilities and introduction of improved quarantine techniques are necessary. Reasonable organization and improvement of plant quarantine system are important not only for protection of korean agriculture to plant pathogenes possible to be introduced from foreing countries, but also for increasing and stabilization of export of plants and agricultural product of our country.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2018

Background: A model to assess the activity concentration of agricultural products and the public ingestion dose as result of a nuclear accident is necessarily required to manage the contaminated agricultural systems by the accident, or to estimate the effects of chronic exposure due to food ingestion at a Level 3 PSA. Materials and Methods: A dynamic compartment model, which is composed of three sub-modules, namely, an agricultural plant contamination assessment model, an animal product contamination assessment model, and an ingestion dose assessment model has been developed based on Korean farming characteristics such as the growth characteristics of rice and stockbreeding. Results and Discussion: The application study showed that the present model can predict well the characteristics of the activity concentration for agricultural products and ingestion dose depending on the deposition date. Conclusion: The present model is very useful to predict the radioactivity concentration of agricultural foodstuffs and public ingestion dose as consequence of a nuclear accident. Consequently, it is expected to be used effectively as a module for the ingestion dose calculation of the Korean agricultural contamination management system as well as the Level 3 PSA code, which is currently being developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.433-442
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• 1993

Coolstore air relative humidity (RH) is an important factor affecting the quality of horticultural products, particularly via product moisture loss. RH also has an important effect on the performance of the refrigeration evaporators and can affect the strength of paper-based packaging materials. In a large New Zealand apple coolstore, RH increased from about 75% early in season to 90% at the end, as activities in the coolstore and external conditions changed. A steady-state analysis of sensible and latent heat entry and heat removal during four typical operational periods over the season was carried out. Predicted RH was in good agreement with measured dat. For the coolstore studied, evaporator surface area and the occurrence of pre-cooling within the coolstore were the design and operational factors having greatest effect on RH. Door protection and management, and floor insulation were the next more significant factors. The method of analysis has more general application and ould be used in a variety of situations so that design for optimum RH can be performed systematically.