• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2010

Korean folk medicine 'DulGugWha' has been used to cure common cold, cough and chronic and acute gastiritis in Korea. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of 'DulGugWha', the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Chrysanthemum species growing in Korea, i.e. C. boreale, C. indicum, C. zawadskii and C. zawadskii var. latilobum were studied. As a result, 'DulGugWha' was proved to be the whole plant body of Chrysanthemum boreale of Compositae.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.396-401
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• 1998

Korean folk medicine 'No Ru Gui' has been used to cure fracture and bruise. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of 'No Ru Gui', the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Hepatica species growing in Korea, i.e. H. asi-atica, H. insularis, H. maxima were studied. As a result, 'No Ru Gui' was proved to be the whole plant body of Hepatica asiatica and H. insularis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.205-210
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• 1974

Four kinds of Bupleuri Radix, namely 'Dang shiho', 'Won shiho', 'Shik shiho' and 'Jook shiho', are currently used in the market of Korea. It is thought that 'Dang shiho' is the root of Bupleurum falcatum and B. scorzoneraefolium. It was also reported that 'Won shiho' and 'Shik shiho' are the root of B. falcatum. Since 'Jook shiho' which is widely used in the market and even exported, has not been clarified as to the origin of the plant and the chemical components, the author obtained some results by this study, the summaries of which are as following: 1. The results of microscopical examination of 'Jook shiho' and 'Kae shiho' were entirely identical and the TLC patterns were coincided as well. It was therefore definitely clarified that the origin of 'Jook shiho' is Bupleurum longe-radiatum. 2. The TLC patterns of 'Won shiho', 'Jook shiho' and 'Kae shiho' which are belonging to the same family and the same genus, appeared identical, and reveal the similarity of the chemical constituents and thereby strongly support the fact that 'Jook shiho' can be used for the same purpose as 'Won shiho'.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.320-327
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• 1999

'Gu Maig(瞿麥)' is one of the Chinese crude drugs used mainly to cure a diuretic, gonorhoea and menostasis, etc. With regard to the botanical origin of 'Gu Maig', it has been considered to be Dianthus spp. of Caryophyllaceae, but there has not been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of the "Gu Maig", the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the leaves and stems of Dianthus species growing in Korea, i.e. D. sinensis, D. superbus var. longicalycinus, D. repens, D. morii, D. superbus var. speciosus were compared. As a result, it was determined that 'Gu Maig' was the whole plant body of Dianthus sinensis and D. superbus var. longicalycinus.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2009

Korean folk medicine Bae Pung Dung has been used to cure a cold and jaundice. The botanical origin of the crude drug has never been studied pharmacognostically. To clarify the botanical origin of Bae Pung Dung, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the leaves and stems of Solanum species growing in Korea, i.e. S. japonense Nakai, S. lyratum Thunb., S. nigrum L. were compared. As a result, it was determined that Bae Pung Dung was the whole plant body of Solanum lyratum and Solanum japonense.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.167-178
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• 1994

For the identification of the optimal operating conditions of phosphoric acid plant, an intelligent simulation was performed based on the dissolution reaction of phosphate rock. A phosphoric acid plant consists of three main processes : ball-mill grinding process, rock reaction process and slurry filteration process. The grinding and filteration processes are relatively simple processes and most of the simulation works are on the reaction process. The practical operation data of phosphoric acid plant at Namhae Chemical Corp. were utilized in the simulation. The operation of the phosphoric acid plant is highly dependent on the heuristics of operators and so the expert system technology was employed. The operation of phosphoric acid plant varies with the origin of phosphate rock. Results of the simulation showed the optimal values of major process variables and optimal operating conditions. The knowledgebase for the expert system was constructed based on the interview with the experienced plant operators.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2016

Medicinal plants resources are becoming important assets since their usages have been expanded to the development of functional foods for human health, natural cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, names are different from each country and their phylogenetic origins are not clear. These lead consumers to be confused. In particular, when they are morphologically similar and distributed as dried roots, it is extremely difficult to differentiate their origins even by specialists. Recently, molecular markers have been extensively applied to identify the origin of many crops. In this review, we tried to overview the current research achievements for the development of suitable 'origin identification' regarding to the differentiation of Angelica species. Furthermore, more advanced techniques including amplification genome based marker analyses are also discussed for their practical applications in the authentication of particular medicinal plant in Angelica species.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1083-1092
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• 2010

The spatial variability in the food chain structure of an estuary environment (Nanakita estuary, Japan) was investigated using fatty acid. Potential organic matter sources (terrestiral plants, macroalgae, benthic microalgae, dinflagellates and bacteria), sedimentary organic matters and benthic invertebrates (Nuttallia olivacea and Nereidae) were sampled in four locations with different tidal flat type. The main objective of the present study was to determine the origin of sediment and the food sources of N. olivacea and Nereidae along with small-scale spatial variability. The origin of sedimentary organic matters were mainly the fatty acid of bacteria and benthic microalgae. Especially, The organic matter of terrestrial plant origin was found the highest in station C. The diets of N. olivacea and Nereidae were found to be dominated by diatoms and terrestrial plants. Whereas, macroalgae and dinoflagellates showed little influence to benthic invertebrates. Moreover, according to principal component analysis, it is showed that benthic invertebrates in the same region are using the same food without relation with species. On the other hand, the N. olivacea and Nereidae of station D clearly contrasts with station B in terms of main food sources. From these results, it is suggested that food competition of benthic invertebrates revealed high a connection between small-scale spatial variability and food source in estuary.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1151-1151
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• 2001

The international coffee trade is conducted almost exclusively with green coffee. The main coffee producing countries include Brazil, Columbia, Indonesia, Mexico and the Ivory Coast. About 99 % of the coffee grown throughout the world belong to two coffee plant varieties that are commonly known as Arabica and Robusta. The quality of green coffee can be assessed according to several ISO standards (1,2,3,4,5). However, no official international standards for the authenticity of green coffee have been issued. It is important to know the country of origin of the coffee for the purposes of fair international trade. The geographic origin of the coffee is often stated on the label of coffee products such as speciality roasted and soluble coffees. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) is an accepted technique for quantitative analysis of various parameters in routine QC analysis of food products. It would appear to be a promising candidate as a tool for identification of green coffee origin and numerous feasibility studies have appeared in the literature on its use for soluble, roasted and green coffee variety identification as well as identification of arabica or robusta coffees. NIR spectrophotometers when configured in the reflectance mode are able to perform a complete profile of the NIR spectrum on whole beans. The data can then be interpreted by discriminant chemometrics data analysis. This is the approach used in the present study.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.105-115
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• 2019

Saline or alkaline condition in soil inhibits growth of most crop plants and limits crop yields in many parts of the world. Augmenting an alkaline soil with alkali-tolerant bacteria capable of promoting plant growth can be a promising approach in expanding fertile agricultural land. Near-shore environments of Dokdo Island, a remote island located in the middle of the East Sea, appear to have patches of seawater-influenced haloalkaline soil that is unsupportive for growth of conventional plants. To exploit metabolic capacities of alkali-tolerant bacteria for promoting plant growth in saline or alkaline soils, we isolated of alkali-tolerant bacteria from near-shore soil samples in Dokdo and investigated properties of the isolates. Alkali-tolerant bacteria were selectively cultivated by inoculating suspended and diluted soil samples on a plate medium adjusted to pH 10. Fifty colonies were identified based on their $GTG_5$-PCR genomic fingerprints and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Most isolates were affiliated to alkali-tolerant and/or halotolerant genera or species of the phyla Firmicutes (68%), Proteobacteria (30%) and Actinobacteria (2%). Unlike the typical soil bacterial flora in the island, alkali-tolerant isolates belonged to only certain taxa of terrestrial origin under the three phyla, which have traits of plant growth promoting activities including detoxification, phytohormone production, disease/pest control, nitrogen-fixation, phosphate solubilization or siderophore production. However, Firmicutes of marine origin generally dominated the alkali-tolerant community. Results of this study suggest that haloalkaline environments like Dokdo shore soils are important sources for plant growth promoting bacteria that can be employed in bio-augmentation of vegetation-poor alkaline soils.