• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.27-29
• /
• 1995

Within regional and municipal planning we are using several levels or types of EIA in the city of Dresden. Some of these types, practical aspects and some experiences of our work will be presented in this contribution. Firstly I may introduce you to some general conditions for your better understanding of our principles of work. Surely you know about. the destruction of the political and economical structures in Eastern Germany since 1989. Until today our not quite simple task is to build up new ones. At the same time people were in great expectation of freedom and high standard of living as soon as possible. Economical difficulties increased in association with the breakdown of the market in Eastern Europe. How to rebuild industrial estatements and how to renew the traffic systems? We had to find answers to all these complex question. Should we only repair the former damages or could we reach a really environmental sound production for the future? The demand for a rapid economic growth is an incredible challenge for the application of new environmental ideas. I am truly not sure whether you know the city of Dresden or not. So I would like to give you a short introduction. Dresden is situated in a valley shaped by the river Elbe. There live about 500,000 people. Dresden has a great reputation for arts and sciences. Its also well know as a town of high technology industries such as electronics and optics. We restored the power plant and therefore we don't need any atomic power plants actually we haven't got one. Since 1990 there were founded many official agencies in Dresden because it is the capatal of Saxony. Considering nature and environment we there is a large forest area called "Dresdner Heide". The river Elbe and the meadows are situated on both sides of the river. There are a lot of green and free places in the city area too. Furtheron there is something unusual for a large city: about 50% of the drinking water resources mostly take place within the city itself. The origin is the ground water as well as water from the river Elbe after filtration of course.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 2017.04a
• /
• pp.136-136
• /
• 2017

By-products has been considered lately in Total Mixed Ration (TMR) as an alternative to livestock feed around the world. This is due to the high cost of using forage as feed, less expense in exploring by-products of agriculture origin and environmental concerns with their disposal. However, by-products usually contain contaminants and the production process requires fermentation using a storage and fermentation tank. Animal feed is the start point of the food safety chain in the 'farm-to-fork' model. This necessitated a study to model a protocol that will culminate to safe feed production. Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP), a systematic preventive approach to food safety from biological, chemical and physical hazards in production processes that can cause the finished product to be unsafe was explored. Implementation of this model provides a mechanism that ensures product safety is continuously achieved. The entire production process of By-products feed production was evaluated using HACCP wizard software. This includes the plant layout, technical standards, storage and fermentation tank cleansing method, staff assignment, safety control method, and distribution. The potential biological, chemical, and physical hazards that may exist in every step of the production process were identified, and then critical control points (CCPs) were selected. This will ensure the safety of products made from livestock that consumes by-product feed. These includes cheese, milk, beef, etc.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.455-460
• /
• 2009

Foods of plant origin, especially fruits and vegetables, have attracted attention because of their potential benefits to human health. In this report, Rubi Fructus (RF), the dried unripe fruit of Rubus coreanus Miq (Rosaceae) and ellagic acid (EA) purified from RF were used to test their potential hepatoprotective effect against acetaminophen (AAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. RF extract (RFext) and EA reduced the elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum and the content of lipid peroxide in liver by AAP administration, while the increment of the cellular glutathione (GSH) content and the induction of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) which were decreased by AAP administration. RFext and EA from RFext did not affect the two major form of cytochrome P450s, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), but downregulated the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) related to the conversion of AAP to N-acetyl-P-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). These results suggest that RFext and EA from RF exhibit a hepatoprotective effect not only by increasing antioxidant activities but also by down-regulating CYP3A4 in the AAP-intoxicated rat.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.249-253
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to develop convenient and reproducible methods for identifying the genetic relationship among germplasms of Panax species based on molecular genetics. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses, genetic polymorphism of the Panax species was investigated with following cultivars and accessions, such as Chunpoong, Yunpoong, Kopoong, Sunpoong, and Kumpoong in domestic cultivars, Hwangsuk, Jakyung and Suckju in domestic accessions, and Panax quinquefolius L. and Panax japonicus C.A. Meyer in foreign introduced accessions, respectively. Specific DNA fragments ranging from 200 to 3,000 base pairs in size could be obtained with various ISSR and RAPD primers under the optimized PCR conditions. The dissimilarity coefficients among the genetic polymorphisms of ginseng cultivars and accessions were calculated from 0.26 to 0.90 in RAPD and from 0.12 to 0.89 in ISSR analysis, respectively. Eleven plant samples were grouped siblings together with cultivars and parents based on cluster analysis of genetic distance depending on genetic property such as origin of the species. In results, both RAPD and ISSR analyses were useful for identifying the genetic relationship among cultivars and accessions of Panax species at DNA level.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.577-587
• /
• 2007

Single-copy chloroplast loci are used widely to infer phylogenetic relationship at different taxonomic levels among various groups of plants. To test the utility of chloroplast loci and to provide additional data applicable to hybrid evolution in Musa, we sequenced two introns, rpl16 and ndhA, and two intergenic spacers, psaA-ycf3 and petA-psbJ-psbL-psbF and combined these data. Using these four regions, Musa acuminata Cola(A)- and M. balbisiana Colla (B)-containing genomes were clearly distinguished. Some triploid interspecific hybrids contain A-type chloroplasts (the AAB/ABB) while others contain B-type chloroplasts (the BBA/BBB). The chloroplasts of all cultivars in 'Namwa' (BBA) group came from the same wild maternal origin, but the specific parents are still unrevealed. Though, average sequence divergences in each region were little (less than 2%), we propose that petA-psbJ intergenic spacer could be developed for diversity assessment within each genome. This segment contains three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and two indels which could distinguish diversity within A genome whereas this same region also contains one SNP and an indel which could categorize B genome. However, an inverted repeat region which could form hairpin structure was detected in this spacer and thus was omitted from the analyses due to their incongruence to other regions. Until thoroughly identified in other members of Musaceae and Zingiberales clade, utility of this inverted repeat as phylogenetic marker in these taxa are cautioned.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.35 no.2 s.137
• /
• pp.164-170
• /
• 2004

The flavonoids are a very large and important group of polyphenolic natural products, which are united by their derivatization from the heterocycle, flavone. They are distributed in higher plants and occur widely in the fruits and vegetables that make up the human diet. They exhibit a wide range of biological properties, including antitumor, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, insecticidal and estrogenic activities. They are also major components of many plant drugs and it is possible that they contribute to the curative properties. For the purpose of developing anticancer agent of natural origin, we have evaluated forty four kinds of naturally occurring flavonoids for the inhibitory activity upon the proliferation of cultured human tumor cells such as A549 (non small cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (melanoma), XF498 (central nerve system) and HCT-15 (colon) in vitro.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.113-118
• /
• 2017

A new tetracyclic triterpenoid [4,4,24-trimethylcholesta-${\Delta}^{8,9;14,5;24,28}$-trien-$3{\beta},11{\beta},12{\alpha}$-triol-12-acetate, 3-sulfate] sodium salt (1), together with eight known compounds including ergosterol $5{\alpha},8{\alpha}$-endoperoxide (2), 1,9-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-2-methylpterocarpan (3), 3-O-${\beta}$-D-2-acetyl-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranoxyloleanoic acid (4), hydnocarpin (5), derrone (6), isovitexin (7), erythrinin C (8), and 5,4'-dihydroxy-2"-hydroxyisopropyldihydrofurano [4,5:7,8]-isoflavone (9), were isolated from the EtOAc soluble fraction of the methanol extract of aerial part of Desmodium uncinatum collected in the western highland of Cameroon. The structures of these compounds were established by comprehensive interpretation of their spectral data mainly including 1D- ($^1H$ and $^{13}C$), 2D-NMR($^1H$-$^1H$ COSY, HMQC, HMBC) spectroscopic and ESI-TOF-MS mass spectrometric analysis. The isolation of an integracide-like compound from plant origin is a very unusual finding.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.439-445
• /
• 2015

Background : Correct identification of Panax species is important to ensure food quality, safety, authenticity and health for consumers. This paper describes a high resolution melting (HRM) analysis based method using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 5.8S ribosomal DNA barcoding regions as target (Bar-HRM) to obtain barcoding information for the major Panax species and to identify the origin of ginseng plant. Methods and Results : A PCR-based approach, Bar-HRM was developed to discriminate among Panax species. In this study, the ITS1, ITS2, and 5.8S rDNA genes were targeted for testing, since these have been identified as suitable genes for use in the identification of Panax species. The HRM analysis generated cluster patterns that were specific and sensitive enough to detect small sequence differences among the tested Panax species. Conclusion : The results of this study show that the HRM curve analysis of the ITS regions and 5.8S rDNA sequences is a simple, quick, and reproducible method. It can simultaneously identify three Panax species and screen for variants. Thus, ITS1HRM and 5.8SHRM primer sets can be used to distinguish among Panax species.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.11-15
• /
• 2011

To provide basic information for Verticillium spp., molecular methods were applied to analyze genetic characteristics within Verticillium spp. including Verticillium dahliae, isolated from diseased plants in two regions of Korea. Five Korean isolates of V. dahliae causing Verticillium wilt on chrysanthemum were analyzed, together with six other Verticillium spp., using mitochondrial small subunit rRNA gene (rns) sequence and random-amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). In a phylogenetic tree based on rns region sequences, Korean V. dahliae isolates formed a single clade with foreign isolates, whereas the other Verticillium spp. formed separate groups. In addition to rns sequence analysis, a dendrogram based on RAPD fragment patterns also showed clustering of all V. dahliae isolates into one group, separate from the six different Verticillium spp., and the V. dahliae isolates formed three subgroups which corresponded to the regions of origin, Kumi, Busan city and Canada. This indicates that high genetic variation exists between regions, although the fungus was isolated from the same host plant, chrysanthemum. These results provide the foundation for the study of genetic diversity and relationships among V. dahliae isolates in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.317-323
• /
• 2007

Almost all the people, particularly the rural people are directly dependent on the continued productivity of natural resources, like water, soils, forests and fisheries. But the overuse by the extremely high population pressures has degraded the natural resources into severe widespread deforestation. The degradation of natural resources, particularly the plant resources has been a great concern for socio-economic and sustainable development of the country. The Forests in Bangladesh have been depleted and degraded in volume, area, and quantity, thus requiring urgent forest protection by identifying the causes of forest loss. There are so many causes of deforestation and loss of genetic resources such as; the timber industry, which, legal or not, are cutting too many trees; indigenous forest dwellers, having their own types of problems; migrants, who, because of problems in their places of origin, have decided to move to the forests and the government through its Forest Department which is not able or willing to implement suitable policies to regulate the cutting trees and to prevent illegal cutting. Because it is a time consuming task to mitigate the first and second sets of factors, we recommend involving forest dwellers in forestry practices as much as possible and taking necessary steps to alleviate the third and fourth sets and thereby reduce the rate of forest depletion. Accordingly, a number of strategies that should be adopted to halt the loss of remaining forest cover are discussed.