• 제목/요약/키워드: plant mixture

검색결과 884건 처리시간 0.027초

도로사면녹화를 위한 식생배합에 관한 연구 (Studies on Seed Mixtures for Slope Revegetation of the Road)

  • 이재필;김남춘;홍성관
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.113-123
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    • 1995
  • This study was conducted to find out appropriate rates of seed mixture of both native and foreign plants in order for stabilization of early afforestation and proper vegetation on road slope. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Characteristics of germination : After seeding, 2 weeks for both Lespedeza bicolor and Lespedeza cuneata, and 4 weeks for both Arundinella hirta and Zoysia japonica were needed for vigorous germination, and 1-4 wee17s for 3 cool-season grasses were spent for gradual germination. 2. Plant height : There was no difference between Lespedeza cuneata and Lespedeza bicolor in plant height by 7 treatments. As mixture rates of cool-season grasses were lowered, plant height of Arundinella hirta became longer. Descending order of co81-season grasses for plant height was Tall fescue, Perennial ryegrass and Creeping redfescue. 3. Number of tillers : The number of tillers tended to increase in the experimental plots where competition was low. 4 Ground cover rate : Ground cover rate was the highest in Mixture IV (96.7%) and was fluctuated from 13.3% on Sept. 13 to 45% on Nev. 3 in Mixture III. Descending order of gronud cover rates in 7 treaments was Mixture IV, Mixture III. Mixture II, Mixture Ⅶ, Mixture V, Mixture Ⅵ, Mixture I, and Mixtur III when measured on Oct. 13 5. Visual assessment: High preferences were observed on Mixture IV and Ⅶ In sun the best seed mixtures were Mixture IV and Ⅶ. It meant that (1) either mixture of 70% the native plants with 30% cool-season graaes or (2) mixture of 80% the native plants with 20% cool-season glasses was best for this study.

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Survey of Fungicide Resistance for Chemical Control of Botrytis cinerea on Paprika

  • Yoon, Cheol-Soo;Ju, Eun-Hee;Yeoung, Young-Rog;Kim, Byung-Sup
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.447-452
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    • 2008
  • Four hundred and sixty six isolates of B. cinerea were obtained from infected leaves, stems and fruits of paprika grown in greenhouses or plastic film houses in Gangwon province, Korea, between August and November in 2006 and 2007. These isolates were classified into five representative phenotypes of resistant (R) and sensitive (S) reactions as SSR, SRR, RSS, RRS and RSR according to the responses of isolates against benzimidazole, dicarboximide and N-phenyl-carbamate fungicide in order. The percentage of five phenotypes were 51.3, 2.4, 35.6, 8.1 and 2.6%, respectively. The SSR phenotype (51.3%) was the most common. Among the nineteen fungicide products evaluated to compare their efficacy against gray mold pathogen on the paprika fruit inoculated with fungal mycelia, the mixture of diethofencarb and carbendazim was the most effective followed by iprodione, boscalid, the mixture of iprodione and thiophanate-methyl, fludioxonil, polyoxin-B, fluazinam, the mixture of tebuconazole and tolyfluanid and procymidone; while in the assay methods inoculated with fungal spores, the mixture of tebuconazole and tolyfluanid was the most effective in controlling gray mold followed by boscalid, fludioxonil, the mixture of diethofencarb and carbendazim and the mixture of pyrimethanil and chlorothalonil.

생약제(Miracle® 첨가가 포유모돈의 생산성, 자돈의 성장 및 혈액성상 변화에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Herbal Plant Mixture(Miracle®) Supplementation on the Productivities of Lactating Sows and Growth Performance and Hematological Characteristics of Piglets)

  • 민병준;권오석;홍종욱;손경승;김인호
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.371-378
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    • 2005
  • This study was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary herbal extracts mixturetMiracle" included Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Rehmanniae Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Schizandrae Fructus, Plantago asiatica and Dioscoreae Radix) on the productivities of lactating sowsand growth performance and hematological characteristics of piglets. Twenty seven sows (Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace ${\times}$ Duroc, 1 to 3 parities) were used in a 21 day old trial. Dietary treatments included 1) CON (control; basal diet), 2) HPMO.l (basal diet + herbal plant mixture 0.1 %) and 3) HPMO.2 (basal diet + herbal plant mixture 0.2 %). Backfat thickness losses from farrowing to weaning was decreased in HPM treatmentscompared with control(linear effect, P $\leq$ 0.003). ADFI was decreased in sows fed herbal plant mixture(linear effect, P < 0.05). Also, treatments of dietary herbal plant mixture reduced day of return to estrus compared with control(linear effect, P < 0.05). Energy digestibility in HPM treatments were higher than control(linear effect, P $\leq$ 0.05). In piglets, weight gain(P > 0.05) and survivability(P> 0.05) after weaning werenot affected by treatments. No statistical differences were found(P> 0.05) forhematological characteristics in piglets. In conclusion, dietary herbal plant mixture reduces backfat thickness losses and day of return to estrus and improves energy digestibility in lactating sows.

비육돈에 있어서 생약제 혼합물의 급여가 성장율, 영양소 소화율, 혈청학적 변화 및 도체특성에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Dietary Herbal Plant Mixture on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Serological Changes and Carcass Characteristics in Finishing Pigs)

  • 권오석;김인호;김지훈;홍종욱;민병준;이원백;손경승
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.334-340
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구는 지황, 천궁, 감초, 오미자, 차전자, 산약, 둥글레, 당귀 그리고 황백 등을 배합한 복합생약제제의 비육돈 사료내 첨가가 성장율과 도체특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 시험 1은 개시시 체중 81.58±3.20㎏의 3원교잡종[(Duroc×Yorkshire)×Landrace]비육돈 80두를 공시하여 45일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험설계는 옥수수-대두박 위주의 사료인 1) NC(negative control; antibiotics-free diet), 2) PC(positive control; NC diet added 0.1% of chlortetracycline), 3) NCM(NC diet added 0.1% of herbal plant mixture) 그리고 4) PCM(PC diet added 0.1% of herbal plant mixture)의 4개의 처리구로 하여 처리당 5반복, 반복당 4두씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 시험 1에서는 사양기간동안 일당증체량에서는 대조구에 비해 생약제 첨가구인 HPM과 PHMP 처리구가 높았으며(P<0.08), 무항생제 처리구(NC)에 생약제를 첨가하므로서 체중의 증가 효과를 보였다. (P<0.01). 사료섭취량과 사료효율에 있어서는 PC처리구와 NCM처리구에서 증가를 보였으나 처리구간의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. Total protein에서는 항생제가 없는 대조구에 생약제를 첨가하므로서 증가 효과가 있었다(P<0.04). 시험 2는 개시시 체중 77.36±2.0l㎏의 3원교잡종[(Duroc×Yorkshire)×Landrace] 비육돈 100두를 공시하여 28일간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험설계는 옥수수-대두박 위주의 사료인 1) NC(negative control; antibiotics-free diet), 2) PC(positive control; NC diet added 0.1% of chlortetracycline), 3) PM0.1(NC diet added 0.1% of herbal plant mixture) 그리고 4) PM 0.2(NC diet added 0.2% of herbal plant mixture)의 4개의 처리구로 하여 처리당 5반복, 반복당 5두씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 시험 2에서는 사양기간동안 PM0.1 처리구가 다른 처리구들보다 증체량이 증가 되었으나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 도체중에서는 대조구가 다른 처리구와 비교하여 높게 평가되었다(P<0.06). 등지방 두께에서는 PC처리구가 다른 처리구보다 높았지만 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 하지만 도체 등급에서는 생약제를 첨가한 처리구가 대조구 보다 A등급율이 높게 나타났다(P<0.04). 이상의 결과로 종합하여 볼 때 비육돈 사료내 생약제의 첨가는 성장율이나 혈액 내 면역글로불린에 좋은 영향을 미치는 것으로 보인다.

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벼의 약 부유배양에서 캘러스 유도 및 식물체 분화에 미치는 생장조절제와 항산화제의 영향 (Effect of Growth Regulators and Antioxidant Mixture on the Anther Floating Cultures of Rice)

  • 이승엽;이재길;권태오
    • 식물조직배양학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.83-87
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    • 2000
  • 벼 소포자 유래의 반수성 세포집단을 기내 돌연변이 유기 연구에 이용하기 위하여, 액체배지를 이용한 약 부유배양에서 캘러스 유도에 미치는 생장조절물질의 영향과 유도된 캘러스의 갈변화에 따른 활력저하를 막기 위하여 배지내 항산화제의 첨가효과를 조사하였다. 약 부유배양을 위한 액체배지는 N6배지에 1 mg/L 2,4-D와 1 mg/L kinetin을 첨가한 배지에 서 캘러스 형성율 48.5%, 녹색체 분화율 6.8%, 총 식물체 분화율 9.0%로 가장 높았다. 약 부유배양에서 항산화제 (antioxidant mixture, Sigma Chemical Co.)의 첨가는 캘러스 형성율에 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 캘러스 갈변방지와 총 식물체 분화율 향상에 유의한 효과를 보였다. 항산화제의 적정농도는 250mg/L 였으며, 캘러스 유도배지와 식물체 분화배지에 모두 첨가하는 것이 가장 좋았다.

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Molecular Analysis of Botrytis cinerea Causing Ginseng Grey Mold Resistant to Carbendazim and the Mixture of Carbendazin Plus Diethofencarb

  • Kim, Joo-Hyung;Min, Ji-Young;Bae, Young-Seok;Kim, Heung-Tae
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.322-327
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    • 2009
  • A total of 23 isolates of Botrytis cinerea causing the grey mold were collected from infected ginseng in several fields of Korea. The sensitivity to carbendazim and the mixture of carbendazim plus diethofencarb was determined through a mycelial inhibition test on PDA amended with or without fungicides. B. cinerea isolates were classified as 3 phenotypes, which were the first phenotype resistant to both of carbendazim and the mixture ($Car^RMix^R$), the second one resistant to carbendazim and sensitive to the mixture ($Car^RMix^S$), and the last one sensitive to both of them ($Car^RMix^S$). Carbendazim resistance correlated with a single mutation $\beta$-tubulin gene of B. cinerea amplified with primer pair tubkjhL and tubkjhR causing a change of glutamate to alanine at amino acid position 198. Furthermore, the substitution of valine for glutamate led the resistance to carbendazim and the mixture at the same position of amino acid. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis using the restriction endonuclease, Tsp451 and BstUI allowed differentiation of the PCR fragment of $\beta$-tubulin gene of $Car^SMix^S$ isolates from that of $Car^RMix^R$ and $Car^RMix^S$ isolates. This method will aid in a fast detection of resistance of carbendazim and the mixture of carbendazim plus diethofencarb in B. cinerea in ginseng field.

고온 스트레스 환경내 산란계에 있어 생약제의 급여가 생산성에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Herbal Plant Mixture Supplementation on the Performance of Laying Hens under Heat Stress)

  • 민병준;이원백;권오석;손경승;홍종욱;조진호;김인호
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.9-15
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    • 2004
  • 본 연구의 목적은 고온 스트레스 환경내의 산란계에 있어 생약제의 급여가 생산성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 실시되었다. 사양시험은 54주령 ISA Brown 갈색계 192수를 공시하였으며, 처리구로는 옥수수 대두박 위주의 사료(CON; 기초사료), 기초사료에 생약제를 0.05%(HPM0.05; 기초사료 + 0.05% herbal plant mixture), 0.1%(HPM0.1; 기초사료+0.1% herbal plant mixture), 그리고 0.2% 첨가한 구(HPM0.2; 기초사료+0.2% herbal plant mixture)의 4개 처리로 구성되었다. 56일간의 총 사양시험기간 동안, 생약제를 0.1%와 0.2% 첨가한 처리구의 산란율이 대조구에 비해서 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 시험종료시의 난중은 HPM0.1구에서 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로 높게 평가되었다(P<0.05). 생약제의 첨가는 난각강도, 난각두께, Haugh unit 및 난황색에 대해서는 별로히 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 난황 내 총 콜레스테롤의 감소량은 생약제의 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 혈액 내 전체 단백질함량에 있어서는 생약제를 급여한 처리구가 대조구와 비교하여 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 혈액 내 Albumin의 함량은 생약제를 0.05%와 0.1%를 첨가한 처리구가 대조구와 비교하여 증가하였다(P<0.05). 혈청 내 RBC와 WBC는 HPM0.1 처리구와 HPM0.2 처리구에서 대조구과 비교하여 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 결론적으로, 고온 스트레스에 노출된 산란계에 있어 생약제의 급여는 난중의 개선과 혈액 내 전체 단백질함량, Albumin의 함량 및 혈청 내 RBC와 WBC의 함량을 증가시키는 것으로 사료된다.양교육의 실시가 아동들의 편식교정 및 기호도 변화와 영양지식 수용 등에 효과적이었다고 볼 수 있으나 식습관과 식생활태도 전반에 걸쳐 유의적인 변화를 가져오지는 못하였다. 따라서 바람직한 식습관 형성을 위해서는 반복적인 교육을 통하여 행동의 변화를 유도하도록 하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 교육이 단기간에 그치거나 지식전달 위주의 교육이 아니라 보다 체계적이고 지속적인 교육형태로 실시되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.0.0%) 간에 차이가 없었으나, 60${\mu}$sec 1회(18.2%)보다 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높게 나타났다. 돼지 난자의 경우 융합율은 30${\mu}$sec 1회(48.1%), 2회(45.2%)및 60${\mu}$sec 1회(48.6%)간에 차이가 없었으며, 분할율은 30${\mu}$sec 1회(78.4%)와 60${\mu}$sec 1회 (79.4%)간에 차이가 없었으나, 30${\mu}$sec 2회(53.6%)보다 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높게 나타났다. 이종간 핵이식란의 체외발달에 있어서 수핵란이 소 난자의 경우 상실배와 배반포기로의 발달율이 22.6%로써 단위발생란 30.6%와 차이가 없었으며, 돼지 난자의 경우는 이종간 핵이식란이 5.1%로써 단위발생란 37.4%보다 유의적(P<0.05)으로 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 실험결과로 보아 산양의 체세포를 이용한 이종간 핵이식 복제수정란의 생산을 위하여 수핵란으로 소와 돼지를 사용하여 복제수정란의 발달을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이종간 핵이식에 있어서 수핵란, 공여세포, 융합, 활성화 및 배양조건 등 아직 초보 수준에 있으며, 앞으로 보다 많은 연구를 통하여 이러한 문제들이 해결되면 멸종위기

Sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp. Isolated from Grapes in Korea to Carbendazim and the Mixture of Carbendazim Plus Diethofencarb

  • Hwang, Sook-Yung;Kim, Hye-Ryoung;Kim, Joo-Hyung;Park, Jong-Han;Lee, Sang-Bum;Cheong, Seung-Ryong;Kim, Heung-Tae
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2010
  • Thirty-six isolates of Colletotrichum spp. were obtained from infected grapes in two different locations of Korea; 18 isolates from Cheonahn, where carbendazim (MBC) and the mixture of MBC and diethofencarb (NPC) had been applied to control grape ripe rot, and 18 isolates from Cheongju, where no fungicides had been used. Sequences analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the $\beta$-tubulin gene identified 34 of the 36 isolates as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The remaining two isolates from Cheongju were identified as C. acutatum. Of the 18 isolates from Cheonahn, 12 were resistant to both MBC and the mixture (MBC+NPC), and six were sensitive to them. All C. gloeosporioides isolates from Cheongju, but not the two C. acutatum isolates, were sensitive to these fungicides. Sequence analysis of the $\beta$-tubulin gene in all isolates revealed that C. gloeosporioides resistant to MBC and MBC+NPC had a tyrosine instead of phenylalanine at the amino acid position 200. The appearance of resistance to MBC and the mixture in C. gloeosporioides correlated with the history of fungicide application in Korea.

Effect of the Mixture of Two Plant Alkaloids Isolated from Corydalis longipes Against Balsam Powdery Mildew on Detached Leaves and Pea Powdery Mildew in Field

  • Gohain, Leena;Maurya, S.;Pandey, M.B.;Pandey, V.B.;Singh, U.P.
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.155-159
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    • 2004
  • N-Methylhydrasteine hydroxylactam and 1-methoxyberberine chloride, both alkaloids, extracted from Corydalis longipes have been assayed for their activities against two powdery mildews. The spore germination of Erysiphe cichoracearum on detached leaf of balsam(Impatiens balsaminia) following pre- and post-inoculation treatments by their mixture has shown high efficacy against the pathogen at 100, 200 and 300 ${\mu}g/ml$. The mixture was also effective at both pre- and post-inoculation treatments at 500, 1000, 1500 ${\mu}g/ml$ doses against E. pisi causing pea powdery mildew in pea(Pisum sativum) under field conditions. The significant efficacy of the mixture of two compounds against spore germination on detached leaves of balsam and also under field conditions in pea warrants its inclusion in trials against some other diseases under field conditions.