• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2011

Fast food is popular among children and adolescents; however, its consumption has often been associated with negative impacts on nutrition and health. This study examined current fast food consumption status among middle school students and explored factors influencing fast food consumption by applying Theory of Planned Behavior. A total of 354 (52.5% boys) students were recruited from a middle school. The subjects completed a pre-tested questionnaire. The average monthly frequency of fast food consumption was 4.05 (4.25 for boys, 3.83 for girls). As expected, fast food consumption was considered to be a special event rather than part of an everyday diet, closely associated with meeting friends or celebrating, most likely with friends, special days. The Theory of Planned Behavior effectively explained fast food consumption behaviors with relatively high $R^2$ around 0.6. Multiple regression analyses showed that fast food consumption behavior was significantly related to behavioral intention (b = 0.61, P < 0.001) and perceived behavioral control (b = 0.19, P < 0.001). Further analysis showed that behavioral intention was significantly related to subjective norm (b = 0.15, P < 0.01) and perceived behavioral control (b = 0.56, P < 0.001). Attitude toward fast food consumption was not significantly associated with behavioral intention. Therefore, effective nutrition education programs on fast food consumption should include components to change the subjective norms of fast food consumption, especially among peers, and perceived behavioral control. Further studies should examine effective ways of changing subjective norms and possible alternatives to fast food consumption for students to alter perceived behavioral control.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.456-470
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• 2002

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to test the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in the prediction of smoking cessation intention and smoking cessation behavior among adolescent smokers, in order to provide basic data to develop a future smoking cessation program as a nursing intervention. Method: The study subjects were 80 adolescent smokers who had smoked one cigarette and attended a five-day school smoking cessation program. The data were collected from October 24 to December 21, 1999. The instruments used in this study were the tools developed by Jee (1994) to measure TPB variables such as attitude toward smoking cessation behavior, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, smoking cessation intention, and smoking cessation behavior. The data were analyzed with the SAS/PC program using descriptive statistics, hierarchical multiple regression, and logistic multiple regression. Results: 1. Attitude toward smoking cessation behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were partially significant in predicting smoking cessation intention. 2. Smoking cessation intention and perceived behavioral control toward smoking cessation behavior did not significantly predict smoking cessation behavior. 3. There were partial interaction effects among the attitude toward smoking cessation behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control in the prediction of smoking cessation intention. 4. There were partial interaction effects between smoking cessation intention and perceiver behavioral control toward smoking cessation behavior in the prediction of smoking cessation behavior. Conclusion: This study partially demonstrated support for the TPB model that was partially useful in predicting smoking cessation intention and smoking cessation behavior among adolescent smokers. Therefore, it is recommended that attitude toward smoking cessation behavior and perceived behavioral control should be considered in developing smoking cessation programs and implementing nursing interventions to change the smoking behavior of adolescent smokers.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.201-211
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• 2008

According to IPCC fourth assessment report in 2007, global mean temperatures have risen by 0.74 degrees Celsius over the past 100 years. Moreover, in the recent 25 years, global mean temperatures have risen by 0.45 degrees Celsius, which is 2.4-times larger than those in the past 100 years. The evidences for climate change, such as sea level rise, arctic glacier melt, and desertification in Asia, have occurred and increased over the globe. In Korea, because regional climate has been changed, types of agriculture and fishery should be replaced. And as precipitation pattern behave differently from the past decades, water management would be more difficult, furthermore, atmospheric environment, related to concentrations for ozone, sulfate, etc., could be worse. Nevertheless, we have only focused on greenhouse gas reduction duty for the Convention of Climate Change. Fortunately, in the fourth plan on climate change, we have planned to manage climate change more actively since 2007. In Korea, the emission of carbon dioxide has increased about 1.9-times more, from 311million ton in 1990 to 591million ton in 2004. And also about 2 ppm rise every year for concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As a result, ecosystem, quality of water and atmosphere would be affected. Here, the emission of greenhouse gases over the globe is examined, and the effect of greenhouse gases for climate change is reviewed from the results of previous studies. In addition, the countermeasures of mitigation and adaptation on climate change were discussed for the understanding.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2000

Hyperlipemia is the most leading risk factor of cardiovascular disease which is the main cause of death in Korea. However, there is a tendency to neglect the prevention and treatment since it has no specific symptoms. It has been reported that the level of serum-lipid can be lowered by the improvement of eating habits. Therefore, it is highly likely that the development of programs on the improvement of eating habits through behavioral theory is required to the community nursing practice. The theory of planned behavior, which assumes that human behaviors are determined by one's intention to carry out the behavior, can be characterized by the point that behaviors are not only individual factors but also social behaviors relating to subjective norms. It is widely recognized that this theory has a high predictability on health behavior due to it's simplicity clearness, and measurability as well as high quality of being general. Thus, the theory of planned behavior could be useful in developing a model of a health promotion program to the change of behaviors of the risk group of cardiovascular disease. Consequently, based on the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this study is to develop an intention promotion program of the diet, and then to testify the effects. The sample of this study consisted of 26 industrial workers who had proved hyperlipemia from a medical examination in 1996 (experimental group 13, control group 13). The intention promotion program, which includes education, monitoring, pressure, counselling on the level of individuals, families and organizations, was conducted for 10 weeks The purpose of this program was to promoting intention of the diet through changes of the prerequisite factors of intention such as behavioral belief, outcome evaluation, normative belief and control belief. When it came to data analysis, the ${\chi}^2$-test and Fisher's Exact test were used to compare the general characteristics between the experimental and the control group, an independent t-test for the other variables. ANOVA was used to the test hypothesis, and the Pearson correlation test for variable's correlation. The results of this study can be summarized as follows ; 1) There was a significant increase in the intention(F=18.51, p=.00) of diet in the experimental group. 2) Diets(F=32.51, p=.001) in the experimental group were better carried out than in the control group. 5) There was a moderate correlation between the intention of diet and performance (r=.587. p=.003). From the results, it can be concluded that the intention promotion program is very effective, leading to the change of health promotion behavior. Above all, it is really valuable that the intention promotion program in this study regards health promotion behavior as a social behavior and that intervention was done on the level of family and organization. Consequently, when performing a health promotion program, social approach elevating the intention should go hand in hand in order to make the program effective.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제54권
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• pp.285-307
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• 2012

This study analyses the transformation of Asian steel trade and the change of corporate strategy. The purpose of this paper is to examine the circumstances of Asian steel industrial policies, and considering the feature of each nation's steel industrial policies, and the effect of the corporate strategy. In China, mighty steel productive capacity had already formed under original planned economy and industrial policy. In 2003, crude steel production have exceeded 220 million ton in China and that is 23.2% of the steel production share in the world. On the other hand, not only the amount but also the quality becomes an important point in the steel industry in the future. I consider, on researching Asian steel industry, it is important to build up partnership in Korea and Japan for achieve strategic alliance in the steel industry policies and understanding the change of corporate strategy.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2019

The goal of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the effects of the additional construction of urban railroads. To this end, 1) establish accessibility as a measure of quantitative evaluation of construction effects; 2) select the 'Integration' of Space Syntax as a quantifiable indicator of accessibility; 3) represent the Seoul railroads as a network; 4) calculate the 'Integration' form the network before and after the additional construction of the urban railroads. By calculating the change of the 'Integration' of the individual nodes and the change of the sum of the 'Integration' of given zones, the change in accessibility of a particular node and the change in accessibility of a particular region were calculated. After analyzing the change in accessibility in nodes and areas as well, it was confirmed that the additional construction of urban railroads was improving accessibility as a whole of Seoul. It was also identified that there was a degree of difference in the extent of the accessibility change for the different areas. It is particularly noteworthy that changes occur in the accessibility ranking. While certain regions were improving relative rankings, others fell in rank. With this finding, it could be argued that active consideration of the areas in which the relative decline occurs is needed when the planned urban railroad is being built.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.1791-1798
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• 2010

본 연구는 Space syntax를 이용한 도시공간구조의 객관적, 정량적 분석을 통하여 신 주거단지 개발에 따른 공간구조의 변화와 특성을 예측하고, 이를 도시현황통계자료와 정성적인 분석을 연계하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 현재의 계획대로 대규모의 동내면 신 주거단지를 개발하였을 경우 신 주거단지로의 접근성이 떨어지고, 신 주거 단지 개발로 인한 외부의 공간적 파급효과 또한 미약할 것으로 예측되어 구조적으로 도시를 통합시키는 역할을 하지 못하고 도시구조를 단절시키는 구조적인 문제를 야기할 것으로 예측된다. 2) 2004년 춘천시 도시계획총괄도에 의해 계획된 기존도심과 주 간선도로 사이의 도시계획도로가 같이 개발하였을 경우 춘천시 전체공간과 신 주거단지로의 접근이 용이하게 되어, 신 주거단지가 춘천시 도시공간 전체에 대한 부분으로 전체에 적절히 통합되어, 결과적으로 춘천시 중앙부와 주변의 주거지의 용도상 구분이 명확해지는 것으로 예측된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2002

With the dynamically changing environment of society, managing change is the vital element of organizations's survival and growth. Health care organizations have expended enormous resources to restructure patient care delivery. Despite the growing literature describing these organizational innovations, there is a paucity of credible data that reflects systematic measurement and evaluation of such changes. This study examined the nurses' psychological response toward the work process redesign, newly introduced by the nursing department in a acute care hospital. The aim of the study was to figure out how nurses's general perception of change and perceived attributes of change affected their acceptance of change during the organizational transition. This was descriptive- correlational. The sample for the study included 50 head nurses and 135 staff nurses. Data was analyzed using SPSS PC+, version 10.0. The major findings of the study were as follows: First, the mean score of the perception of change was 71.2(SD=13.8) with the range of 0-100, which means nurses generally perceived change positively. There were significant differences in perception of change by gender and education level. Head nurses perceived change more positively than staff nurses. The higher education level showed the more positive view of change. Second, among the perceived attributes of change, trialability had the highest mean score, which means nurses perceived the change more positively if it is testable on a limited basis. Relative advantage was perceived the most negatively. Finally, factors influencing the acceptability of the work-process redesign were perceived comparability, complexity, relative advantage, and observability, which accounted for 43.7% of the variance in the acceptability of change. This study evaluated the preliminary effects of the nursing process for reengineering, focusing on nurses' acceptability towards change. The usefulness of this research study was to determine the factors influencing acceptance of organizational members during transitional periods of change and to suggest effective strategies for increasing adoption as well as for decreasing resistance to change.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.129-143
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• 2020

최근 경력단절여성의 사회 복귀 정책의 일환의 하나로 창업으로의 진로가 강조되고 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 경력단절여성의 계획된 우연역량이 창업의지에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 개인의 환경요인인 성공적 역할모델과 사회적 지원세력의 조절효과를 검증하였다. 경력단절 경험이 있는 여성 139명을 대상으로 실증분석 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 경력단절여성의 계획된 우연역량이 창업의지에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 경력단절여성의 계획된 우연역량과 창업의지와의 관계에서 성공적 역할모델은 조절효과는 나타나지 않는 걸로 검증되었다. 셋째, 경력단절여성의 계획된 우연역량과 창업의지와의 관계에서 사회적 지원세력의 조절효과는 나타나지 않는 걸로 검증되었다. 경력단절여성들에게는 개인 환경요인의 조절효과 보다는 개인의 심리적역량인 계획된 우연역량이 창업의지에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 경력단절여성의 창업의지를 높이기 위해서는 창업의 접근성을 높이고 창업에 대한 인식을 높일 수 있는 심리적 역량강화 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다. 또한, 경력단절여성의 창업의지의 고취는 계획된 우연역량을 향상시키는 노력과 동시에 경력단절 후 창업에 성공한 역할모델과 성공사례 발굴 등의 노출 기회를 지속적으로 확대할 필요가 있고, 창업기회를 발견할 수 있도록 용기, 조언, 변화 관리에 도움을 줄 수 있는 사회적 지원세력을 확대해 나가는 것이 필요하다.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review behavior change theories in terms of important variables, concept definitions, and applicability to diabetes self-management behavior. Methods: Six behavior change theories (the Transtheoretical Model, the Health Belief Model, the Theory of Reasoned Action, the Theory of Planned Behavior, Social cognitive theory, and Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills Model) were reviewed which were applied in diabetes self-management interventions. Results: The five key concepts from the five non-stage behavior change theories were delineated. Based on the key concepts, a theoretical framework was formulated as the explanatory model of diabetes self-management behaviors. The four major concepts in Information-Motivation- Behavioral skills Model were included. The cognitive arm of the proposed theoretical framework included constructs related to diabetes knowledge, motivation (beliefs, attitude, social norm), self-efficacy, and intention. Conclusion: The theoretical framework described here includes the key factors of successful diabetes self- management intervention. However, the concept of motivation needs further exploration and clarification for operationalization.