• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.457-465
• /
• 2000

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the thermal performance of the wire-coil inserts method. Tested were the smooth tubes with the wire-nil inserts of various pitch and helix angle combinations. Test fluids were the 50%-solution of the ethylene glycol and the Hue water. Heat transfer coefficient and friction factors were deduced from the measured values of temperatures, flowrates and pressure drops. A unified dimensionless correlation for the heat transfer coefficients was developed as a function of the pitch to diameter ratio, the Reynolds number and the Prandtl number. An exergy analysis was performed to evaluate an optimal operating condition with the wire-coil inserts.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.454-461
• /
• 1997

Heat transfer and pressure drop for single phase flow of water in circular smooth and micro-fin tubes are measured. Copper tubes of 9.52 and 7mm outer diameter were used. The internal roughness in micro-fin tubes was formed by spiral grooves having $25^{\circ}$ helx angle, 0. 12mm fin height and 0.454mm pitch in 9.52mm tubes; $18^{\circ}$ helix angle, 0.15mm fin height and 0.322mm pitch in 7mm tubes. The measured friction factor and heat transfer coefficient are compared with relevant previous works, and the correlations for micro-fin tube are developed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제87권6호
• /
• pp.585-599
• /
• 2023

Geopolymer concrete (GC) can be competently utilized as a practical replacement for cement to prevent a high carbon footprint and to give a direction toward sustainable concrete construction. Moreover, previous studies mostly focused on the axial response of glass fiber reinforced polymer (glass-FRP) concrete compressive elements without determining the effectiveness of repairing them after their partial damage. The goal of this study is to assess the structural effectiveness of partially damaged GC columns that have been restored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (carbon-FRP). Bars made of glass-FRP and helix made of glass-FRP are used to reinforce these columns. For comparative study, six of the twelve circular specimens-each measuring 300 mm×1200 mm-are reinforced with steel bars, while the other four are axially strengthened using glass-FRP bars (referred to as GSG columns). The broken columns are repaired and strengthened using carbon-FRP sheets after the specimens have been subjected to concentric and eccentric compression until a 30% loss in axial strength is attained in the post-peak phase. The study investigates the effects of various variables on important response metrics like axial strength, axial deflection, load-deflection response, stiffness index, strength index, ductility index, and damage response. These variables include concentric and eccentric compression, helix pitch, steel bars, carbon-FRP wrapping, and glass-FRP bars. Both before and after the quick repair process, these metrics are evaluated. The results of the investigation show that the axial strengths of the reconstructed SSG and GSG columns are, respectively, 15.3% and 20.9% higher than those of their original counterparts. In addition, compared to their SSG counterparts, the repaired GSG samples exhibit an improvement in average ductility indices of 2.92% and a drop in average stiffness indices of 3.2%.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.249-258
• /
• 2006

본 논문에서는 새로운 구조의 헬리컬 안테나를 UHF 대역 RFID 리더용 안테나로 제안하였다. 제안된 헬리컬 안테나는 안테나의 선로가 다각 구조의 외부단에서 내부단으로 감겨 들어가는 형태를 가져 복사 이득과 복사 패턴의 조절이 용이하고, 감긴 선로의 수평 회전각과 수직 회전각을 조절하여 양질의 원형 편파를 복사할 수 있다. 세부적인 안테나 설계 변수는 Pareto 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하여 RFID 리더 특성에 적합하도록 최적화 시켰다. 최적화된 RFID 리더 안테나들 중 2단 구조의 표본 안테나를 선별하여 유연한 유전체인 종이 위에 스트립 선로로 제작하였으며, 제작된 안테나의 측정간을 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교, 분석하였다. 제작된 안테나는 kr=3.2의 크기를 가지며 21.4 %의 반사 손실 대역폭, 31.9 %의 원형 편파 대역폭, 약 $5.5m^2$의 인식 영역 특성을 보였다. 안테나 선로의 전류 분포와 선로 구조의 민감도를 조사한 결과, 급전 부위 근처에서 선로가 $0.25{\lambda}$ 정합기로 동작하게 되어 광대역의 정합 특성을 가지며, 꺾이는 스트립 선로 구조는 최적의 진행파를 형성하여 양질의 원형 편파를 발생시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공작기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집(한국공작기계학회)
• /
• pp.28-33
• /
• 2001

Screw conveyors are used extensively in industrial for conveying and elevating materials. Despite their apparent simplicity, the mechanics of the conveying action is very complex. so many engineers depend on experiential data. Capacities of screw are pumping, steady flow of polymer melts, steady volumetric throughput etc. they are affected by geometry of screw, heat flux, pressure on inside barrel, rotating velocity, friction coefficient at screw surface etc. by computation volumetric efficiency increases as rotating velocity increases and decreases as friction coefficient increases. also it decreases with short pitch length. and double flight screw is more effective than single flight screw. The temperature of polymer melts by heating pad and injection pressure play a very important role in the injection molding machine. so in this paper we analyze thermal distortion and stress of screw includes pressure and temperature distributions by finite element analysis to understand what design factors influence on volumetric throughput efficiency of the screw and thermo-mechanical characteristics of screw.

• Journal of Information Display
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.145-149
• /
• 2012

Liquid crystals are useful for a wide range of applications due to their exceptional properties. Doping of liquid crystals with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), even at very low concentrations, produces a detectable effect on the liquid crystal (LC) properties that can be very attractive for various functions. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of CNTs on the electrical properties of a short-pitch and high-spontaneous-polarization ferro-electric LC mixture, FLC-6304, at different temperatures. The inclusion of the CNTs significantly reduced the polarization at temperatures well within the $SmC^*$ phase, but the effect was gradually reversed as the transition temperature was approached. The insertion of the CNTs also reduced the response time and the rotational viscosity of the FLC mixture, which is highly desirable in the LCD industry.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
• /
• pp.839-842
• /
• 2004

We present a fast-switching electro-optical device based on flexoelectro-optic effect in short pitch cholesterics oriented in uniform lying helix texture. The device has two operating modes: amplitude and phase modulation mode. The amplitude modulation mode is a fast in-plane switching of the device optic axis that enables to achieve a high percent of modulation of the transmitted light intensity whereas the phase mode gives a continuous change of the refractive index and thus of the phase shift of the transmitted light. By using a small concentration of diacrylate monomer and selecting the illumination conditions we have been able to create a inhomogeneous polymeric network mostly localized at both substrate surfaces and stabilize the two switching modes.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 제35회 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.285-290
• /
• 2002

Screw in injection molding machine is affected by heat flux, pressure on inside barrel, geometry of screw including flight number, pitch and flight angle. Volumetric efficiency increases as the flight number increases, but it didn't show steady tendency according to helix angle of flight. Heat flux from heating pad and injection pressure play a very important role on the thermal behavior characteristics. The increased number of multi-flight is merits and demerits for a screw efficiency. So, we have to optimize flight number of the screw considering temperature, displacement, distortion and stress of the screw.

• 폴리머
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.92-102
• /
• 2004

하이드록시프로필 셀룰로오스를 6-콜레스테릴옥시카보닐펜타노일 클로라이드와 반응시켜 에스터화도가 2.25-2.91 범위의 값을 갖는 6-콜레스테릴옥시카보닐펜톡시프로필 셀룰로오스들을 합성하였다. 또한 6-콜레스테릴옥시카보닐펜톡시프로필 셀룰로오스의 아크릴산 에스터들과 액정질서를 지닌 이들의 광가교 필름들을 합성하였다. 미가교와 가교시료들의 열방성 액정의 특성과 아세톤 중에서의 가교시료들의 팽윤거동을 검토하였다. 하이드록시프로필 셀룰로오스는 쌍방성 콜레스테릭 상을 형성하는 반면 모든 콜레스테릴을 지닌 미가교 시료들은 단방성 콜레스테릭 상을 형성하였다. 6-콜레스테릴옥시카보닐펜타노일 클로라이드는 단방성 스멕틱 상도 형성하였다. 하이드록시프로필 셀룰로오스는 광학 피치 (λ$_{m}$ )가 온도상승에 의해 증가하는 우측방향의 나선을 형성하는 반면 모든 미가교 유도체들은 λ$_{m}$ 이 온도상승에 의해 감소하는 좌측방향의 나선들을 형성하였다. 6-콜레스테릴옥시카보닐펜톡시프로필 셀룰로오스와 이의 아크릴산 에스터의 액정상의 열적 안정성과 동일한 온도에서의 λ$_{m}$ 의 크기는 에스터화도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 모든 가교시료들은 6-콜레스테릴옥시카보닐펜톡시프로필 셀룰로오스의 아크릴산 에스터들과 달리 반사색깔을 나타내지 않았으며 액정질서를 지닌 가교젤의 특징적인 이방성 팽윤을 나타냈다.

• 소성∙가공
• /
• 제20권7호
• /
• pp.485-490
• /
• 2011

The application of helical gears in crucial parts of automotive transmissions has been steadily increasing due to their higher power transfer performance compared to spur gears. However, the traditional gear manufacturing methods such as hobbing and deburring require large cycle times with expensive production lines so that there have been intensive efforts trying to manufacture gears via forging processes. Although forging processes for spur and bevel type gears have been developed on the practical level, the manufacturing of helical gears is still dependent on the traditional cutting process. Therefore, this paper seeks to develop a cold forward extrusion process for the helical gear with the pitch diameter of 43.5mm and a helix angle of $18.4^{\circ}$. A forward extrusion process was used due to the relatively small diameter of the target geometry. The material deforming behavior influenced by the die geometry was examined by using CAE analysis. Finally, it was found that the helical gear manufactured by the developed extrusion process satisfied the dimensional accuracy and mechanical characteristics for automotive transmissions.