• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2010

목 적 : 인공호흡기 사용과 관련된 폐손상에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어져 왔다. 특히 전통적 압력조절방식의 인공호흡기 사용시 발생하는 용적손상의 중요성이 밝혀지면서 신생아 호흡 곤란 증후군의 치료에서 용적조절방식의 인공호흡기가 부각되고 있다. 이에 저자들은 신생아 호흡곤란 증후군 환아를 대상으로 전통적 압력조절방식의 SIMV와 용적조절방식을 바탕으로 한 PRVC를 비교분석하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2007년 5월부터 2008년 4월까지 대구파티마병원 신생아 중환자실에 입원한 환아중 출생 체중이 1,500 g 미만이고 신생아 호흡곤란 증후군이 있어 기도삽관에 의한 인공호흡기 치료 및 폐표면 활성제를 투여한 환아 34명을 대상으로 하여 PRVC 사용군 14명, SIMV 사용군 20명으로 나누어 비교하였다. 폐표면 활성제 투여 후 시간경과에 따른 PIP값의 변화, 감압된 PIP의 누적값, 기도발관까지의 기간, 그리고 전체 인공호흡기 사용기간을 조사하였고, 주요 합병증인 폐외 공기 누출, 기관지폐 이형성증, 폐고혈압, 미숙아 망막증, 뇌실내 출혈, 동맥관 개존증의 빈도를 조사하였다. 결 과 : 재태연령, 출생시 체중, 성별, 극소 저출생 체중아 비율, 1분 및 5분 Apgar 점수, 호흡 곤란 증후군 등급, 폐표면 활성제 투여 횟수 및 분만 방법, 산모의 임신성 고혈압, 조기양막파수 유무에서 두 군간의 임상적 특성 차이는 없었다. 폐표면 활성제 투여 전 및 투여 후 48시간까지의 PIP값은 PRVC군에서 보다 낮게 측정되었고, 투여 후 24시간까지 PRVC군에서 PIP의 감압이 더 잘 이루어 졌다(P<0.05). 기도발관까지 걸린 시간과 전체 인공호흡기 사용기간, 합병증의 발생 빈도 및 퇴원시점까지 소요된 시간 비교에서는 의미있는 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : SIMV군에 비해 PRVC군에서 PIP 값이 낮고, 폐표면 활성제 투여 후 감압이 더 잘 이루어졌다. 급변하는 폐유순도에 상응하는 감압에 있어 PRVC군이 더 유리하다고 볼 수 있다. 호흡기 이탈기간 및 합병증의 발생에 있어 차이는 없었으나, 잠재적인 폐의 용적손상과 관련 기존 SIMV군에서 필요 이상의 PIP가 설정되었던 것으로 생각되는 바, 이는 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2006

This paper presents an analytical method, application of expansion, mechanical design, and integrated expansion design of subsea insulated pipe-in-pipe (PIP) systems. PIP system consists of a flowline and a casing pipe for the transport of high temperature and high pressure product from the subsea wells. To prevent heat lass from the fiowline, insulation material is applied between the pipes. The fiawline pipe and the casing pipe have mechanical connections through steel ring plate (water stops) and bulkheads. Pipeline expansion is defined by temperature, internal pressure, soil resistance, and interaction force between the flowline and the casing pipe. The results of the expansion analysis, the mechanical design of connection system of the two pipes and tie-in spool design are integrated for the whole PIP system.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.194-194
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• 2017

Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) is a potential bio-energy crop that has short life cycle about 90 days and contains high amount of unsaturated fatty acid which is adequate to bio-diesel production. Enhancing environmental stress tolerance is a main issue to increase not only crop productivity but also big mass production. CsRCI2s (Rare Cold Inducible 2) are cold and salt stress related protein that localized at plasma membrane (PM) and assume to be membrane potential regulation factor. These proteins can be divide into C-terminal tail (CsRCI2D/E/F/G) or no-tail group (CsRCI2A/B/C/H). However, function of CsRCI2s are less understood. In this study, physiological responses and functional characterization of CsRCI2s of Camelina under salt stress were analyzed. Full-length CsRCI2s (A/B/E/F) and CsPIP2;1 sequences were confirmed from Camelina genome browser. Physiological investigations were carried out using one- or four-week-old Camelina under NaCl stress with dose and time dependent manner. Transcriptional changes of CsRCI2A/B/E/F and CsPIP2;1 were determined using qRT-PCR in one-week-old Camelina seedlings treated with NaCl. Translational changes of CsRCI2E and CsPIP2;1 were confirmed with western-blot using the antibodies. Water transport activity and membrane potential measurement were observed by cRNA injected Xenopus laevis oocyte. As results, root growth rate and physiological parameters such as stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and electrolyte leakage showed significant inhibition in 100 and 150 mM NaCl. Transcriptional level of CsPIP2;1 did not changed but CsRCI2s were significantly increased by NaCl concentration, however, no-tail type CsRCI2A and CsRCI2B increased earlier than tail type CsRCI2E and CsRCI2F. Translational changes of CsPIP2;1 was constitutively maintained under NaCl stress. But, accumulation of CsRCI2E significantly increased by NaCl stress. CsPIP2;1 and CsRCI2A/B/E/F co-expressed Xenopus laevis oocyte showed decreased water transport activity as 61.84, 60.30, 62.91 and 76.51 % at CsRCI2A, CsRCI2B, CsRCI2E and CsRCI2F co-expression when compare with single expression of CsPIP2;1, respectively. Moreover, oocyte membrane potential was significantly hyperpolarized by co-expression of CsRCI2s. However, higher hyperpolarized level was observed in tail-type CsRCI2E and CsRCI2F than others, especially, CsRCI2E showed highest level. It means transport of $Na^+$ ion into cell is negatively regulated by expression of CsRCI2s, and, function of C-terminal tail is might be related with $Na^+$ ion influx. In conclusion, accumulation of NaCl-induced CsRCI2 proteins are related with $Na^+$ ion exclusion and prevent water loss by CsPIP2;1 under NaCl stress.

• 멤브레인
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2014

초저압용 나노여과 중공사 복합막을 제조하기 위하여 poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) 소수성 중공사막 표면에 무기염인 $K_2Cr_2OH$와 $KMnO_4$ 수용액으로 친수화 처리를 하였으며, 처리된 막 표면 위에 piperazine (PIP)과 trimesoyl chloride (TMC)로 계면 중합하여 복합막을 제조하였다. NaCl, $CaSO_4$, $MgCl_2$ 100 ppm 용액 및 300 ppm의 NaCl과 $CaSO_4$ 혼합용액을 이용하여 코팅물질의 농도, 코팅시간 및 건조시간에 따른 복합막의 투과특성을 알아보았다. 실험 결과 친수화 물질로는 $K_2Cr_2OH$을 사용하였을 때 더 높은 배제율을 보였으며, 친수화 시간이 길어질수록 투과도는 향상되고 배제율은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 촉매인 triethyl amine (TEA)과 sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)의 농도가 높을수록 투과도는 감소하고, 염제거율은 증가하였다. 최적 조건으로는 $K_2Cr_2OH$으로 10분 동안 친수화 시킨 PVDF 중공사막 위에 PIP 2 wt% 용액(PIP 함량 대비 Triethyl amine (TEA) 7 wt%, SLS 20 wt% 혼합용액)과 TMC 0.1 wt%를 이용하여 계면중합한 것으로 공급액 NaCl 100 ppm에 대해서는 투과도 40 LMH, 제거율 50%이었고, $CaSO_4$ 100 ppm에 대해서는 투과도 48 LMH, 제거율 55%를 나타내었다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2009

석류씨, 석류 외피 분말 추출물 및 석류 과즙(주스 1과 주스 2) 추출물을 DPPH 라디컬 소거활동에 HepG-2 세포 그리고 항산화 활동에 추출물의 성장억제를 측정하였다. 높은 농도를 가진 모든 샘플은 HepG-2 세포에 대하여 성장 억제를 보였으며, 2,500 ppm의 처리구에서는 2회 감압 농축한 과즙 농축물(43%)>석류씨 분말 추출물(42%)>석류외피 분말 추출물(38%)>1회 감압 농축한 과즙 농축물(29%) 순으로 나타났다. BHT와 시료들 모두 농도 의존적으로 DPPH 라티칼 소거 활성이 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 12.5 ppm의 처리구에서 석류외피 분말 추출물(60.8%)>BHT(29.9%)>석류씨 분말 추출물(16.2%)>2회 감압 농축한 과즙 농축물(15.1%)>1회 감압 농축한 과즙 농축물(12.6%)의 순으로 나타났으며, 25, 50, 100 및 200 ppm처리구에서는 석류외피 분말 추출물(81.9$\sim$85.3%)>석류씨 분말 추출물(33.4$\sim$83.0%)>BHT(31.3$\sim$47.8%)>2회 감압 농축한 과즙 농축물(15.4$\sim$36.8%)>1회 갑압 농축한 과즙 농축물(13.4$\sim$36.1 %)의 순으로 나타났다.

• 월간 기계설비
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• 통권65호
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• pp.68-75
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• 1995

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2014

This study investigated changes in gene expression by dietary fat source, i.e., beef tallow, soybean oil, olive oil, and coconut oil (each 3% in feed), in both male and female growing-finishing pigs. Real-time PCR was conducted on seven genes (insulin receptor; INSR, insulin receptor substrate; IRS, phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate; PIP3, 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1; PDK1, protein kinase B; Akt, forkhead box protein O1; FOXO1 and cGMP-inhibited 3', 5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase; PDE3) located upstream of the insulin signaling pathway in the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of pigs. The INSR, IRS, PIP3, and PDE3 genes showed significantly differential expression in barrow pigs. Expression of the PIP3 and FOXO1 genes was significantly different among the four dietary groups in gilt pigs. In particular, the PIP3 gene showed the opposite expression pattern between barrow and gilt pigs. These results show that dietary fat source affected patterns of gene expression according to animal gender. Further, the results indicate that the type of dietary fat affects insulin signaling-related gene expression in the LM of pigs. These results can be applied to livestock production by promoting the use of discriminatory feed supplies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1386-1391
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• 2017

The bioactivities of boxthron fruits, a source of oriental medicine, are well known, whereas phytochemical studies of the boxthorn stem are rare. In this study, the stem extract of boxthorn (Lycium chinense Miller) and its subfractions were evaluated for their effects on nitric oxide (NO) inhibition and procollagen type I peptide (PIP) synthesis. A phenolic amide isolated from the stem extract was also assayed for these effects. The compound, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, was identified by $^1H$, $^{13}C$, and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. In NO inhibition, the chloroform fraction (CF) exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity ($MIC_{50}=24.69{\mu}g/ml$) among the subfractions of the ethanol extract (EE). N-trans-feruloyltyramine isolated from the CF showed strong NO inhibitory activity, presenting with an $MIC_{50}$ of $31.36{\mu}g/ml$. The EE, CF, and N-trans-feruloyltyramine shown to have NO inhibition activity were assayed for the activity of PIP synthesis. The EE and CF showed relatively high PIP values of 38.8% and 24.21% at $100{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The PIP value for $20{\mu}g/ml$ N-trans-feruloyltyramine showed a 36% increase compared with the non-treated control, whereas that treated with $20{\mu}g/ml$ ascorbic acid as a positive control showed a 13% increase. The results suggest that the proper stem extract of boxthorn stem could be efficiently used to produce good cosmetic effects.

• Composites Research
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2013

탄소섬유강화 SiC기지상 복합재는 우수한 산화저항성과 우수한 열충격저항성을 가진다. 그리고 이런 특성들은 탄소섬유강화복합재가 고온구조재로서 응용케하였다. 본 연구에서는 $C_f/SiC$ 복합재가 전구체 함침과 액상 함침이 동반된 열분해공정, Cyclohexene을 사용한 화학기상 경화공정을 통해 제조되었다. 최종 제조된 $C_f/SiC$ 복합재는 5회 함침을 통해 $0.43g/cm^3$ 밀도를 갖는 탄소섬유 프리폼에서 $1.76g/cm^3$의 밀도값을 나타내고 있다. 그리고 산화저항성 특성면에서 $C_f/SiC$ 복합재의 무게가 공기중 $1400^{\circ}C$에서 6시간 유지 후에 81%가 남았다. 결과적으로 Cyclohexene을 사용한 화학기상 경화공정은 효과적으로 높은 치밀화와 증가된 산화저항성을 보이고 있다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.549-554
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• 1996

Phosphoinositide turnover in response to platelet-derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and bradykinin was evaluated in NIH 3T3 cells. Platelet-derived growth factor and bradykinin induced a significant increase in incorporation of $^{32}P$ into phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PIP), and phosphatidylinositol 4.5-bisphosphate ($PIP_2$) in serum-starved NIH 3T3 cells. However, epidermal growth factor increased incorporation of $^{32}P$ into these phosphoinositides by only a small amount. Stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor, not bradykinin, caused a rapid elevation of PI and PIP kinase activities that were maximally activated within 10 min. The maximal levels of their elevation in cells with plateletderived growth factor stimulation were 3.2-fold for PI kinase, and 2.1-fold for PIP kinase. Short term pretreatment of NIH 3T3 cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, activator of protein kinase C. caused an approximately 60% decrease in platelet-derived growth factor-induced PI kinase activities, indicating the feedback regulation of phosphoinositide turnover by protein kinase C. These results suggest that although the enhancement of phosphoinositide turnover is a rapidly occurring response in platelet-derived growth factor- or bradykinin-stimulated NIH 3T3 cells, phosphoinositide kinases may be associated with initial signal transduction pathway relevant to platelet-derived growth factor but not to bradykinin.