• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.528-537
• /
• 2015

폐기물의 재활용을 도모하기 위해 음식점이나 정육점에서 폐기되는 뼈(골분)를 합판용 접착제의 충전제로서 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. 현재 업계에서 합판의 제조에 사용되고 있는 3종의 접착제(UMF, UF 및 PF수지)에 대해 3종의 골분(소골분, 돼지골분 및 조개골분)을 첨가하여 제조한 라티에타파인 합판의 접착성능을 기존의 소맥분과 비교하였다. 3수지에서 모두 소맥분을 전부 소골분, 돼지골분 및 조개골분으로 각각 대체한 합판의 접착성능은 상태나 습윤 강도 및 목파율 모두 소맥분 첨가 합판보다 낮았다. 따라서 소맥분을 전혀 첨가하지 않고 골분으로 모두 대체하는 것은 곤란하였다. 그러나, 소맥분의 절반을 소골분과 돼지골분으로 각각 대체하여 제조한 합판의 성능은 소맥분을 사용한 합판과 거의 동등하거나 오히려 우수한 내수성능을 발휘하여 소맥분과 병용해서 사용하면 충분히 이용이 가능할 것으로 생각된다. 소맥분과 병용한 경우, 3종의 골분 중에는 조개골분을 첨가하여 제조한 합판 보다는 소골분과 돼지골분을 첨가한 합판의 성능이 우수하였으며, 소골분과 돼지골분 간에는 큰 차이가 없었다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.366-368
• /
• 2013

BACKGROUND: Composting is the most frequently used waste management process for animal manure in Korea's livestock industry. In the composting process, a large amount of nitrogen (N) is volatilized to the atmosphere as amonia ($NH_3$). However, quantitative information of $NH_3$ emission from composting of liquid manure is required to obtain emission factors for management of livestock manure in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: To evaluate the $NH_3$ emission from composting of liquid manure affected by aeration, we conducted composting of liquid pig manure with three forced aeration systems. The aeration conditions were continuous (A60), cycle of 30 min aeration and 30 min pause (A30S30) and without aeration(A0). All treatments were aerated 12 hour per day with these aeration systems. The total ratio of $NH_3$ volatilization loss to total N content in liquid manure throughout composting period was estimated to 19.9% for A0 treatment, 25.9% for A30S30 treatment and 36.3% for A60 treatment. The A30S30 and A60 aeration systems increased $NH_3$ volatilization by 30.2 and 82.3% compared with systems without forced aeration. CONCLUSION(S): Ammonia emission during liquid pig manure composting was highly affected by forced aeration. The development of liquid pig manure composting systems with forced aeration would be considered both reducing ammonia emission and efficiency of composting.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.165-168
• /
• 2001

육성비육돈의 분뇨배설량 및 분뇨특성을 조사한 결과 시험기간중 사료섭취량은 3.07 kg/일.두, 음수량은 3.84kg/일.두였으며, 평균 분뇨 배설량은 각각 1.80kg/일.두, 2.76kg/일 .두로 총 4.57kg의 분뇨를 배설하는 것으로 조사되었다. 이화학적 특성에서 돈분의 수분 함량은 74.1%, pH 6.5, 질소 0.89%, $P_2O_5$ 0.46%였으며, BOD 및 SS는 각각 74,224m/l, 261,089mg/l였다. 돈뇨의 경우에는 수분 98.2%, pH 7.5, 질소 0.83%, P$_2$O$_{5}$ 0.05% 였으며, BOD 및 SS는 각각 6,054mg/l, 453mg/l였다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.189-196
• /
• 1999

Anaerobic digestion is a naturally occuring microbial process involving the decomposition of organic materials such as livestock manure. This study explores the effect of the operating conditions, HRT (Hydraulic Retention Time) and feeding frequency on treatment efficiency for digestion of pig slurry, which has been one of most difficult organic waste for proper treatment in livestock production industry in Korea at the present time. The pilot-scale CSTR of 5 m3 in volume was designed. manufactured, and operated at the temperature of 35$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$. The digester was designed to hydraulically stir for complete mixing and to supply heat from the water bath to maintain mesophilic temperature. The HRT of the digester for Test 1 and Test 2, and Test 3 was set for 17 days and 13 days respectively and pig slurry was fed once a day with 300$\ell$ each for Test 1 and Test 3, while twice with 150$\ell$each for Test 2. Test 2 showed better performance by increase of 4% in VS removal efficiency and 5% in biogas production rate. This is mainly attributed to smaller temperature drop by feeding frequently with half amount, which eventually led to lesser impact on anaerobic mocrobes in the digester. Test 2 maintained optimum pH 7.8 which uplifted the activaton of sulfur-reduction bacteria, alkalinity of around 4,000mg/$\ell$, VA of over 3,000mg/$\ell$ for whole period of experiment. Further research may require to provide the practical operation strategy of anaerobic treatment system for treatment of pig slurry.

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.45-49
• /
• 2006

폐기되는 돼지 뼈로 제조한 bone char를 이용하여 용액 중에 존재하는 구리이온 제거를 검토하였다. 이 논문은 구리이온 농도가 50mg/L 인 시료 용액에 흡착제로 bone char를 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15g/L 첨가하여 실험한 결과 흡착제 첨가량은 5g/L가 적합하였고 30 시간 처리하였을 경우 구리이온 제거효율은 96.5% 이었으므로 반응시간은 30 시간 이상이 효과적이었다. 구리이온 수용액의 초기 pH 증가는 흡착제 무게당 구리이온 흡착량이 증가하였다. 구리 이온의 흡착 실험자료는 Freundlich 등온식 모델에 잘 일치하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.609-614
• /
• 2010

The effluent from anaerobic digestion contains organic nitrogen and phosphorus, which are both required for growth of Spirulina platensis. Effluent (20%) from the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) from a pig farm, supplemented with 4.5 g/l sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$) and 0.2 g/l urea fertilizer (46:0:0, N:P:K), was found to be not only a suitable medium for the growth of Spirulina platensis but also a low-cost alternative. Cost calculation showed that this medium is 4.4 times cheaper than modifized Zarrouk's medium. The average productivities of a semi-continuous culture grown under outdoor conditions in a 6-1 scale and a 100-1 pilot scale were 19.9 $g/m^2/d$ and 12 $g/m^2/d$, respectively. In addition, the biomass of organisms grown in UASB effluent contained approximately 57.9% protein, 1.12% $\gamma$-linolenic acid, and 19.5% phycocyanin. The average rates of bicarbonate, total nitrogen, and phosphorus removal were 380 mg/l/d, 34 mg/l/d, and 4 mg/l/d, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.19-23
• /
• 1993

Spirulina platensis NIES 39 was grown in effluents from a wastewater treatment plant utilizing activated sludge process at a pig farm to reduce pollutants and to produce feed resources. The addition of 2 g/l NaCl was required for the growth of S. platensis in the effluents with about 100 mg/l ammonia nitrogen concentration. The growth was stimulated by the addition of 2 g/l sodium bicarbonate and 4 mg/l ferrous sulfate. The microorganism grew well at pH 8~11, and the optimum pH for the growth was 10. The algal concentration of 1.1 g/l was attained after 8 days of growth at the optimum condition with the removal of 95% ammonia nitrogen and 34% phosphorus.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
• /
• pp.1395-1404
• /
• 1993

Application of water-saving self-feeders can reduce water consumption of pigs by more than 50% . so the feeding-watering system one of the most important way of the reduction of the slurry. Bioactive deep litter housing can eliminate slurry. Matured urine, faeces and litter can use for the purposes of soil conditioning and fertilizing . Water-saving slurry handling technology can halve manure dilution so it can double the nutrient content of the slurry. By using of straw bale biofilter for reducing emissions of pig houses makes fattening of pigs possible close to populated area. Developed rate control system for slurry application make avoiding over-fertilization possible , can fulfill better the demand of nutrient of plants. By means of computer aided manure utilization system area distribution of soil characteristics can determinate . The system is suitable for planning the utilization of manure and slurry in environment -friendly way.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.15-19
• /
• 1996

To utilize the waste materials and develope wood adhesive from isolated bloods of slaughtered cow and pig and also to prevent water pollution, simple and rapid method of isolation and purification of plasma proteins from pig bloods with trichloroacetic acid(TCA) treatment was developed. Adding of TCA-precipitated blood powder to the phenol formaldehyde resin(PF) improved dry and wet strength of plywood and resulted in fast hot pressing times.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.55-70
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 음식물류폐기물을 활용한 퇴비의 안전한 농업적 활용을 위하여, 음식물류폐기물 활용 퇴비 등을 논에 장기간 시용하고 벼를 재배하면서 벼 생육에 미치는 영향 및 토양환경 변화를 조사하였다. 시험에 사용된 재료는 질소, 인산, 칼리의 함량이 각각 $24g\;kg^{-1}$,$8g\;kg^{-1}$, $10.4g\;kg^{-1}$인 돈분퇴비와 질소, 인산, 칼리의 함량이 각각 $20g\;kg^{-1}$, $20.1g\;kg^{-1}$,$6.5g\;kg^{-1}$인 음식물류폐기물 활용 퇴비로써 $2{\times}2{\times}2m$ 크기의 라이시미터에 화학비료의 질소 시용량과 동일하게 시용한 후 추정벼를 재배 실험하였다. 음식물류폐기물 활용 퇴비를 시용한 시험구의 벼 생육은 무비구 보다는 양호하였으나 화학비료구에 비해서는 대등하거나 수량이 감소하였다. 시험 후 토양의 성분 함량은 퇴비의 시용에 의해 유기물, 질소 및 인산의 함량이 증가하였으며, 특히 음식물류폐기물 활용 퇴비의 시용은 토양의 통기성을 크게 하였다. 퇴비의 시용에 따른 논토양 수질을 조사한 결과 표면수, 침투수, 지하수에서 화학비료구 또는 무비구에 비해 영향이 크지 않은 것으로 나타났다.