• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.333-338
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• 2001

In research. which Korean pickled cucumber was treated wish various methods, including blanching. brining in hot solution, and treating with trehalose. I examined the changes of properties of material. The Korean pickled cucumber were fermented 4∼5$^{\circ}C$ for 42 days in 1% salt solution. The physiochemical properties were pH, total acidity, total cell count, lactic acid bacteria and texture properties were also evaluated. The result showed that the effect of blanching and soaking cucumber in 100$^{\circ}C$ hot salt solution significantly reduced the softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was found for those preserved with salt. The effect of trehalose treatment inhenced fermentation but it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture. The texture evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that heat treatment with blanching after soaked in hot solution and trehalose treatment had a positive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue.

• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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• 2001.12a
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• pp.131-131
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• 2001

The enzyme activity and organoleptic properties of Korean pickled cucumber were studies for their changes during fermentation. The Korean pickled cucumber were prepared by blanching and high temperature soaking in salt solution and trehalose treatment The results shelved that the effect of combined heat and trehalose treatment significantly reduced the fermentation rate and softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was for those pleserved with salt. The effect of trehalose treatment enhenced fermentation and it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture by 2% treatment. The sensory evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that combined heat treatment with blanching and hot solution had a positive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue, however, odor and taste were not significantly affected. This study suggested that combined heat and trehalose treatment might have potential for affording protection against softness of cucumber tissue during the fermentation time.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.385-390
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• 2001

The enzyme activity and organoleptic properties of Korean pickled cucumber were studies for their changes during fermentation. The Korean pickled cucumber were prepared by blanching and high temperature soaking in salt solution and trehalose treament. The results showed that the effect of combined heat and trehalose treatment significantly reduced the fermentation rate and softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was for those preserved with salt. The effect of terhalose treatment enhanced fermentation and it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture by 2% treatment. The sensory evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that combined heat treatment with blanching and hot solution had a positive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue, however, odor and taste were not significantly affected. This study suggested that combined heat and trehalose treament might have potential for affording protection against softness of cucumber tissue during the fermentation time.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2003

Preparation method and characteristics of high quality Korean pickled cucumber made with acetic acid-treated cuttle bone powder (KPCCP) were examined and compared to those of Korean pickled cucumber prepared by traditional methods (control). Optimal concentration of acetic acid-treated cuttle bone powder for KPCCP preparation was revealed as 10%. Salt concentration of KPCCP fermented for 3 days was 4.5%, slightly higher than that of the control, whereas that of KPCCP fermented for over 6 day was about 4.8%, similar to that of the control. The pH, greenness, and hardness of korean pickled cucumber decreased during fermentation, with the control showing a greater extent of decrease than KPCCP Total acidity and alcohol insoluble calcium contents increased during fermentation, with KPCCP showing higher extent of increase. These results indicate that quality of KPCCP is superior to that of Korean pickled cucumber prepared by traditional methods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.838-844
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• 1989

The physicochemical and organoleptic properties of Korean pickled cucumbers were studies for their changes during fermentation. The Korean pickled cucumbers were prepared by salting in 5-15% NaCl solution and fermented for 7-10 days. The results showed that the increase of salt concentration in cucumber had a linear relationship with logarithmic value of brining time. The higher NaCl concentration in salt solution resulted a rapid salt penetration into cucumber while the rate of changes in pH, the total acidity and turbidity were reduced. The color of cucumber surface were changed from green to yellow-green color as the fermentation progressed. The hardness of cucumber decreased repidly after one day of fermentation, followed by a little decreased until it reached to pH 3.2. A little increase in pH and decrease in total acidity were measured thereafter. The evaluation of sensory quality showed that the acidic and fresh cucumber-like-flayer decreased and yeast-moldy increased as the fermentation progressed. The sensory changes were more evident for lower salt concentration of NaCl solution. The softness of cucumber became to be significant from 4th day of fermentation in 5% salt solution.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.845-850
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• 1989

Effect of high temperature soaking in salt solution and short time microwave heat treatment on quality of Korean pickled cucumbers during fermentation was investigated. The Korean pickled cucumbers were fermented at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in 10% salt solution. The physicochemical properties measured were pH, the total acidity, hardness and the sensory properties of odor, taste and texture were also evaluated. The result showed that the effect of soaking cucumber in $80-90^{\circ}C$ hot salt solution significantly reduced the fermentation rate and softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was found for those soaked in $60-70^{\circ}C$. The effect of microwave treatment inhenced fermentation a little for short treatment but it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture by 3 minutes heating. The sensory evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that heat treatments with hot solution and microwave heating had a possitive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue, however odor and taste were not significantly affected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.133-140
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• 1995

This investigation was undertaken for the purpose of studying the changes of pectic substances in alcohol insoluble solids(AIS) extracted from cucumbers pickled in salt. The preparation methods were brining the cucumbers in 10% NaCl solution (bolied, method A), 20% NaCl solution(bolied, method B) and 20% NaCl solution(cool to $25^{\circ}C$ after boiling, method C). The composition ratio of hot water soluble pectin(HWSP) in AIS decreased during brining, while that of 0.4% sodium hexametaphosphate soluble pectin(NaSP) increased remarkably. The contents of Ca and Mg in AIS increased regardless of preparation methods used. By DEAE-cellulose chromatography, HWSP from fresh and brined cucumbers were divided into six fracitons. 0.2M peak was the main fraction in fresh cucumber, whereas 0.05M and 0.2M peak were the main fraction in pickled cucumbers. On the other hands, NaSP from fresh and brined cucumbers were divided into five fractions and 0.4M peak was the main fraction. However, the composition ratios of galacturonic acid and neutral sugar of 0.4M fraction in brined cucumbers were higher than those of fresh cucumber.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.419-424
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate changes in the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Oiji(Korean pickled cucumbers) prepared with different salts(bay, refined and purified salt). The pH of Oiji prepared with bay salt was higher than those prepared with refined and purified salts. The salt concentration of Oiji prepared with purified salt showed the highest value during fermentation period. The cutting forces at middle part of Oiji prepared with bay and refined salts were higher than those of raw cucumber, and bay salt resulted in the highest force during fermentation period. The result of sensory evaluation indicated significant differences in color, odor, taste, texture and overall acceptability among salts at 5% level. Oiji prepared with bay salt showed the highest score in most the sensory characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.721-728
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• 2005

The physicochemical and microbial characteristics of pickled cucumber prepared with dry salting method, which has been used for industry, were investigated. Salting and storage conditions were HSHT $(30\%,\;25^{\circ}C)$, MSMT $(21\%,\;15^{\circ}C)$, MSLT $(21\%,\;0^{\circ}C)$, LSMT $(15\%,\;15^{\circ}C)$ and LSLT $(15\%,\;0^{\circ}C)$. Acidity was lower, and pH was higher in higher salt concentration as well as lower temperature groups. At the storage of 165 days, acidity and pH reached to $0.21\%$ and 4, respectively in MSLT and HSHT, of which conditions fermentation was retarded, compared to the other groups. During storage of pickled cucumber, greenness (-a) of Hunter color system showed the highest in MSLT ranged from -10.70 to -8.08, while in LSMT, the lowest to 1.17. Total microbial and lactic acid bacteria number in HTST and MSLT were the lowest than in other groups, while tile highest in LSMT. Yeast was not detected in HSHT and MSLT after 36 days of storage, while higher in LSMT Texture profile analysis exhibited that fracturability (2,318 g and 2,318 g) and hardness (849 g and 702 g) were highest in HSHT and MSLT, compared to the other groups. Scores of over-all preference for MSLT and LSLT were higher with 8.8 and 7.6, respectively, compared to the other products (p<0.05). Based on these results, lower saltiness and lower storage temperature condition was better for pickled cucumber preparation in industry.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.92-99
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• 2006

For standardization of quality and reduction of salt concentration of pickles manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang Region, the physicochemical characteristics of 90 pickles of 10 items were compared. Persimmon, garlic, cucumber, radish, Codonopsis lanceolata L., and Japanese apricot pickles were mixed with kochujang, perilla leaf pickle was mixed with soybean paste, cucumber pickle in wine cake was mixed with wine cake, and red pepper was mixed with soybean paste or soy sauce. Moisture contents, pH, and titratable acidities of pickles were various depend upon characteristics of materials. Sugar contents of pickles test,34 were ranged from $22.10{\pm}3.04$ (red pepper pickled with soy sauce) to $55.53{\pm}7.67\;^oBrix$ (garlic pickle), and sugar contents of pickles mixed with kochujang were higher than those of soybean paste or soy sauce. Salt concentration of pickles were ranged from $3.56{\pm}1.11$ (Japanese apricot) to $9.15{\pm}6.35%$ (red pepper pickled with soy sauce), and salt concentration of pickle mixed with soy sauce was the highest among the pickles tested. Total aerobic counts of pickles tested were similarly ranged from $5.62{\pm}0.10$ (red pepper pickled with soy sauce) to $6.83{\pm}0.55$ log CFU/g (perilla leaf pickled with soybean paste). These results indicate salt concentration and quality of pickles manufactured in Folk Villages of Sunchang region must be lowered and standardized, respectively.