• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.67-73
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• 2011

Objectives: To examine the overview of fatigue-related health conditions in the Korean general population. Methods: Data were collected from 2,203 adults (1,126 men and 1,077 women) via a self-reporting questionnaire and their sleeping, exercise, stress, physical problems, use of functional food, and fatigue status were analyzed. Results: The average sleeping hours was about $6.6{\pm}2.0$ hrs per day, and 24.3% of subjects didn't exercise (over 30 min) in a week. Around 16.5% of subjects were under severe stress, and 46.1% (36.9% male vs. 55.6% female) had had trouble with at least one form of physical distress including dyspepsia, headache or muscular pain. 45.4% (37.2% male vs. 53.9% female) of subjects used functional supplements. 46.3% (42.8% male vs. 50.0% female) of subjects complained of chronic fatigue, and they were significantly different compared with no-fatigue subjects regarding severe stress status (8.6% vs. 24.0%), frequency of physical distress (33.2% vs. 69.9%), and use of functional supplements (41.6% vs. 49.8%). Conclusion: This result first reports the features of fatigue-related health conditions including prevalence of chronic fatigue in the Korean population. This data could be helpful to develop fatigue-focused traditional Korean medicine in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.847-854
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• 2004

The resistivity of soils depends on grains size, porosity, water saturation, pore fluid resistivity, caly contents and son on. It is very important to understand the relationship between resistivity and such physical properties of soils, in order to interpret and evaluate ground conditions by using resistivity data obtained from electrical resistivity prospecting. In this paper, to study the relationship between resistivity and physical properties of soils, the resistivity of glass beads and compacted soil samples both in saturated and unsaturated conditions is measured. As the results, the resistivity of saturated soils depends mainly on porosity and clay contents, while that of unsaturated soils is sensitive to compaction conditions, and decreases with increasing water content until the optimum water condition, that is the maximum dry density. But, the relationship between resistivity and water saturation for soils is unique, being independent of compaction energy. Also, the resistivity ratio decrease with increasing water saturation, followed by no significant change of resistivity ratio over 80 percent of water saturation (the optimum water content).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.57-66
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the resource value of existing mud flats in JANGWHARI, KANGWHADO, as strategies for ecotourism. The research methods used in this study are Limits of Acceptable Change(LAC), and Recreation Opportunity Spectrum(ROS). The LAC process draws attention to the existing area conditions that are judged to be acceptable. Managers must define desired area conditions and undertake actions to maintain or achieve these conditions. The ROS is within each of the recreation opportunity classes identified as being used at the regional level. The Results of this study are as follows: 1) The Opportunity Class of the ROS is ecological, physical, social, managerial setting as primitive, semi-primitive. non-motorized, semi-primitive$.$motorized, and roaded natural. 2) The indicator of the LAC is ecological, physical, social, and managerial setting; the indicator of ecological is wildlife populations, water quality, road paving; the indicator of physical is facilities; the indicator of social is visitor needs for knowledge, adventure, eco-experience, and environmental education programs; and, the indicator of managerial is limits of law, and degree of management. 3) Currently, the Opportunity Class of the ROS of JANGWHARI, KANGWHADO is levels II-III, and the Opportunity Class of the suggested ROS is levels I-II. 4) This paper describes strategies for mud flat area management: detection of water quality, resolving problems of equipment, supply of both environmental education programs and guide equipment.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.374-389
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• 2003

The Purpose of this study was to propose the most effective packaging method and storage conditions to apply to home-delivered meals for the elderly Changes in the physical and sensory qualities of pan fried oak mushroom and meat, soy sauce glazed hair tail and roasted dodok, in wrap packaging, top sealing and vacuum packaging were evaluated during storage at 25, 4 and -18$^{\circ}C$, for 5 days. The speed of falling-off in the foods qualities, under chilled and frozen storage conditions did not differ much as the 5 day storage period was too short for a proper assessment. The sensory characteristics of taste and texture were better evaluated in the chilled than in the frozen storage. The most effective packaging method at all the storage temperatures was the vacuum packaging, which assured the safety of the foods by the removal of oxygen. The lightness, springiness and hardness were significantly influenced by the storage temperature, period and packaging method, while the sensory characters were affected by storage temperature and the period. In conclusion, the quality of the vacuum packed pan fried oak mushroom and meat and soy sauce glazed hair tail, in frozen storage, were still fresh after the five days of the experiment. The shelf-life of those foods with wrap packaging, in chilled storage, were suggested to be three days. The quality of the roasted dodok, with vacuum packaging in chilled storage, was preserved for five days.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.224-233
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• 2022

Purpose: In Japan, the Long-Term Care Insurance Act has stipulated visiting rehabilitation since 2000. This study aimed to identify the actual conditions of visiting rehabilitation in Japan through a literature review of reports published by the Japanese government. Methods: This literature review was conducted on eight articles among various government reports on the topic of the actual conditions of visiting rehabilitation. These reports were published by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan based on their own investigations or reports from an external agency entrusted with the task, and were issued between 2000 and 2021. Results: The characteristics of the visiting rehabilitation offices, their number, manpower allocation, the number of users, and their visits to each office were identified. Also, the characteristics of the users, number of users, age and required degree of long-term care, causative disease, and required medical care were identified. To evaluate the actual status of the visiting rehabilitation service, the service use time, frequency, period of use, intervention by doctors and the degree of such intervention, therapist's service content, visitors' address before the use of the service, reason, and timing of the service introduction, evaluation of the service effectiveness, combination of services and transfer destination after termination, and status after service termination were checked. Conclusion: Based on the Japanese experience where visiting rehabilitation was introduced and applied to long-term care insurance, it would be meaningful to review the factors that required benchmarking among the Japanese service models while designing a similar model in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.151-155
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examined the effect of the degree of neck flexion on the muscle activity of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles in the sitting position. Methods: Twenty-five healthy young adults participated in this study. The study was designed to compare the muscle activity of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles according to the neck flexion angle under the three conditions (neutral position, 15° neck flexion, and 45° neck flexion) in the sitting position. During the neck position of three conditions in sitting, the electromyography (EMG) data (% maximum voluntary isometric contraction) of the muscles were recorded using a wireless surface EMG system. Results: The muscle activity of the upper trapezius muscle and the sternocleidomastoid muscles showed a significant difference according to the three-neck position conditions (p<0.05), and in the post-hoc test results, both muscles showed significant differences between the neutral position and 15° flexion, the neutral position and 45° flexion, and the 15° flexion and 45° flexion, respectively. Conclusion: The load on the muscles around the neck and shoulders increased as the neck flexion angle increased. This suggests that performing various daily activities and tasks with the neck as neutral as possible can prevent muscle fatigue or musculoskeletal disorders.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.276-283
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• 2006

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) were a major source of disability and lost work time after 'Foreign Currency Crisis(1998-2000)' in Korea. There is considerable evidence documenting the association between psychosocial risk factors and work disability due to WMSDs. But, there is not much in Korea. The present study aimed to explore the predictive association between the changed working conditions and WMSDs after 'Foreign Currency Crisis' in Korea. A study sample of 8,670 automobile assembly workers were recruited for this study. A structured-questionnaire was used to assess general characteristics, working conditions, and information concerning medical treatment of WMSDs. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, increased overtime work(OR=1.22), daily work time(OR=1.20), work speed (OR=1.32), number of workers(OR=0.83), supervisory control(OR=1.39), physical load(OR=1.39), and mental load (OR=1.25) were all founded to be significantly associated with WMSDs. This study has shown the importance of changed working conditions in the occurrence of WMSDs. Therefore, it will be necessary to reduce WMSDs with controlling both physical and psychosocial factors.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.77-95
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resting periods between exercise sets during isokinetic contraction on recovery from muscle fatigue, strength, heart rate, blood pressure, and lactate level. Sixteen women performed 10 repetitions of isokinetic exercise for three sets in three different conditions. During the sets, they rested 50, 100, and 150 seconds in each condition. And the results were: 1) In this population, the peak torque of extensor during the isokinetic exercise in 100 second resting condition was significantly higher than that in 50 and 150 second resting conditions (p<.01). The total work of extensor was significant in the second and third sets in 50 and 100 second resting conditions (p<.01). 2) During the isokinetic exercise, the heart rate was progressively increased as the sets were advanced in all resting conditions (p<.01). And the increase was significant during the second and third sets than the first in 50 second resting condition (p<.01), while it was significantly greater after the third set than the first in 100 and 150 second resting conditions (p<.01). 4) No difference was found between the resting periods in blood lactate level and blood pressure during the isokinetic exercise. However, differences were found between the sets in these variables (p<.01).

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2008

Design and construction of tunnels require understanding the influence of groundwater. Particularly, it is essential to know how the drainage conditions at the tunnel boundary affect flow behavior of ground adjacent to the tunnels. In this study flow behavior of a leaking tunnel was investigated using physical model tests for tunnel depths and various hydraulic boundary conditions. Particular concerns were given to flow lines toward tunnels. Test results showed that the boundary conditions hardly influence on flow patterns and time required to reach steady state conditions. It is revealed that with an increase in water depth, flow lines concentrated to the drain holes. The physical tests were numerically simulated. Numerical results showed that the flow behavior was represented appropriately by considering filter-drain hole drainage rather than boundary drainage all over the lining.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.17 no.31
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• pp.177-186
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• 1994

Most causes of accidents are due to physical unsafety conditions and human unsafety actions. The design of safety work by ergonomics method is one of the methodes which effectively reduce these unsafety conditions and unsafety actions. This paper presents considerations in design of safety work. And when we try to analyze the accident event by means of probability, there exist some problems because of fuzziness in physical unsafety conditions' components and human unsafety actions' components which are the causes of basic event. For this reason, it is impossible for input probability of basic event to define a crisp value. In consideration of the uncertain probability of components, this paper deals with the Fuzzy set theory by membership value and suggests calculation procedure and analysis of disaster event.