• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2024

Effects of glutamic acid (Glu) and monosodium glutamate (MSG) on oxidative stability of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions with different emulsifier charges during riboflavin (RF) photosensitization were evaluated by analyzing headspace oxygen content and conjugated dienes. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Tween 20, and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were used as cationic, neutral, and anionic emulsifiers, respectively. Glu acted as an antioxidant in CTAB- and Tween-20-stabilized O/W emulsions during RF sensitization, whereas Glu acted as prooxidants in SDS-stabilized O/W emulsions in the dark. However, adding MSG did not have a constant impact on the degree of oxidation in O/W emulsions irrespective of the emulsifier charge. In RF-photosensitized O/W emulsions, the emulsifier charge had a greater influence on antioxidant properties of Glu than on those of MSG.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.37-40
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• 2015

To examine the photosensitized biomolecules damaging activity, dimethoxyP(V)tetrakis(2-naphthyl)porphyrin (NP) and dimethoxyP(V)tetraphenylporphyrin (PP) were synthesized. The naphthyl moiety of NP hardly deactivated the photoexcited P(V)porphyrin ring in ethanol. In aqueous solution, the naphthyl moiety showed the quenching effect on the photoexcited porphyrin ring, possibly through electron transfer and self-quenching by a molecular association. Binding interaction between human serum albumin (HSA), a water soluble protein, and these porphyrins could be confirmed by the absorption spectral change. The apparent association constant of NP was larger than that of PP. It is explained by that more hydrophobic NP can easily bind into the hydrophobic pockets of HSA. The photoexcited PP effectively induced damage of the tryptophan residue of HSA, through electron transfer-mediated oxidation and singlet oxygen generation. NP also induced HSA damage during photo-irradiation and the contributions of the electron transfer and singlet oxygen mechanisms were speculated. The electron transfer-mediated mechanism to the photosensitized protein damage should be advantageous for photodynamic therapy in hypoxic condition. The quantum yield of the HSA photodamage by PP was significantly larger than that of NP. The quenching effect of the naphthyl moiety is considered to suppress the photosensitized protein damage. In conclusion, the naphthalene substitution to the P(V)porphyrins can enhance the binding interaction with hydrophobic biomacromolecules such as protein, however, this substitution may reduce the photodynamic effect of P(V)porphyrin ring in aqueous media.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.6-13
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• 1997

여러 종류의 coumarin 유도체가 광화학 반응에 의하여 OH·라디칼을 생성하는 반응을 ESR 및 레이저 섬광분해 반응으로 진행시키고 반응속도 상수를 구하여 반응성가 메카니즘을 알아보았다. 본 연구에서 사용된 9종류의 coumarin 유도체는 모두 OH·라디칼 생성반응 메카니즘으로 반응이 진행되었으나 1-ethy1-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine은 광조사에 의해 OH·라디칼 생성반응이 일어나기 전에 분해하여 카르벤 중간체로 변하였다. 9개의 coumarin 유도체는 DMPO-OH 스핀부가 생성물에 해당하는 시그날을 나타내었다. OH·라디칼을 소진시키는 NaN3, EtOH, HCOONa 등은 강한 광증감제로 작용하였다. 수화된 전자의 소멸 THRE 상수는 N20을 첨가했을 때가 K3Fe(CN)6을 첨가했을 때보다 크게 나타났다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.120-124
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• 1986

In order to investigate effective solar energy conversion system, the light-induced electron transfer reactions have been examined across single-lamellar liposomes incorporated organic photosensitizers such as anthracene and naphthalene derivatives. We have observed photosensitized reduction of methyl viologen (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-$bipyridinium^{2+}$) dissolved in the exterior aqueous phase of the pigmented phospholipid liposomes when EDTA, as electron donor, is dissolved in the enclosed aqueous phase of the liposomes. The anthroyl stearic acid incorporated in the hydrophobic bilayer of liposomes leads to much less quantum yield for the photosensitized reduction of $MV^{2+}$ than the anthracene carboxylate incorporated in the outer hydrophilic layer. However, ${\beta}$-carotene with anthroyl stearic acid incorporated into the bilayer enhances the quantum yield significantly (${\Phi}{\simeq}0.2-0.3$), preventing the reverse reaction of electron transfer ($MV^+_\ {\rightarrow}MV^{2+}$) so that it might be useful for solar energy conversion into chemical energy. A naphthalene derivative, octadecyl naphthylamine sulfonic acid incorporated into the outer layer of liposomes results in less efficiency of $MV^{2+}$ reduction than anthroyl stearic acid. These results have been also tested with respect to lipid components of liposomes.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.717-722
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• 2005

불포화지방산의 대표적인 물질 중 하나인 올레산에 백열등 조사와 리보플라빈에 의해 생성되는 휘발성 물질들을 분리 및 동정하였다. 리보플라빈 첨가 시료에서는 리보플라빈 무첨가 시료 보다 39시간 동안 270%의 휘발성 물질이 더 생성되었으며 수용액형태가 비수용액 시료보다 휘발성 물질이 유의적으로 많이 발생하였다(p<0.05). 2-Heptenal은 리보플라빈 첨가 시료에서만 검출되었으며 heptane, octane, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, 2-nonenal은 리보플라빈 광산화 시료에서 대조구에 비해 39시간 동안 각각 8.71, 5.88, 2.58, 2.16, 2.80, 5.84배 이상 증가하였다. 2-Nonenal과 heptanal과 같이 기존 삼중항산소 산화기작에 의해 설명될 수 없었던 휘발성물질의 생성 기작을 일중항산소에 의한 산화 기작을 통해 제시하였다. 본 연구는 올레산 첨가 식품의 광산화에 의한 휘발성분 profile 규명 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제10권3_4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1995

The photodegradation of TCBs in humic acid solutions at pH 7 was evaluated under laboratory sunlight simulated irradiation for 8 and 42 days. The irradiation to TCBs in solution in the presence of humic acid produced trichlorophenols, dichlorophenols in addition to the minor photodegraded products such as dichlorobutadiene, dichlorobenzaldehyde and pentachlorobiphenyls. The formation of photodegradation products indicate that the excited singlet oxygen and solvated electrons play a major contributors to the photodegradation process.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.983-984
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• 2014

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2014

Gompertz modeling은 고령화 사회에 접어들기 시작하며 노령인구 예측에 성공적인 결과를 보여줌으로써 최근 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 또한 항암 치료제의 독성으로 인해 발생할 수 있는 부작용을 미연에 방지하고자 보다 효과적인 치료제의 사용에 관한 의료 생체분야에서 활발한 개발이 시도되어 왔으나 전임상 및 임상실험으로의 응용이 가능한 모델링은 극히 제한적이며, 모델링의 검증을 위한 생체실험의 분석 시스템의 최적화가 힘들다는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 Gompertz modeling을 응용하여 새로운 겸형적혈구의 약물유출 예측시스템을 개발하고, 여기된 광증감제의 겸형적혈구 부착을 통해 효과적인 약물유출 제어방법을 ex-vivo 실험을 통해 검증하여 최적화된 예측 시스템의 결과를 비교 분석 할 수 있었다. 따라서 이와 같이 최적화된 Gompertz modeling을 이용한 새로운 약물전달 시스템이 항암치료에 반영된다면 부작용에 기인한 환자들의 신체적 고통과 치료를 위한 경제적 부담을 경감시키는 효과를 유도하며, 나아가 항암 치료제의 정확한 전달률을 증가시켜 보다 효과적인 항암치료를 기대할 수 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.441-452
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• 1996

The effects of chlorophyll, tocopherols($\alpha$-tocopherol, ${\gamma}$-tocopherol and $\delta$-tocopherol), carotenoids ($\beta$-carotene and lutein), light sources, light intensities and strage temperatures on the photooxidative stability of soymilk were studied by measuring TBA value and depleted headspace oxygen(DHO) of soymilk. The samples were stored in the light storage box for 6 days and evaluated for the photooxidative stabilities. As the concentrations of chlorophyll increased, TBA value and DHO of the sample increased significantly(p<0.05), indicating chlorophyll acting as a photosensitizer. However, as the concentrations of tocopherols ($\alpha$-tocopherol, ${\gamma}$-tocopherol and $\delta$-tocopherol) and carotenoids ($\beta$-carotene and lutein) increased, TBA values and DHO of the samples decreased significantly(p<0.05). The light screening effects of carotenoids on DHO in the samples were not significantly different from the control at p>0.05. Therefore, there was no light screening effects of carotenoids on the oxidative stability of soymilk. The results indicate that tocopherols and carotenoids reduce the photooxidative stability of soymilk. $\delta$-Tocopherol was the most effective in photosensitized oxidation followed by ${\gamma}$-and $\alpha$-tocopherols in the order of increasing stability. $\beta$-Carotene was significantly(p<0.05) more effective than lutein in minimizing the chlorophyll-sensitized photooxidation of soymilk. Visible light was more effective than UV light in decreasing the photooxidative stability of soymilk. Therefore, photooxidation of soymilk containing chlorophyll is mainly due to photosensitized oxidation rather than photolysis reaction. As the intensities of fluorescence light increased, TBA values and DHO of the samples increased significantly at P<0.05. However, as the storage temperatures increased, TBA values and DHO of soymilk did not change significantly at p>0.05.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 1990

The photooxidation of human erythrocyte ghosts has been studied and the effects of ginseng water extract on it have been investigated. In the presence of photosensitizer, rose bengal, human erythrocyte ghosts have caused photooxidation by lO2 and produced lip)id hydroperoxides. Ginseng water extract and d-${\alpha}$-tocofherol have inhibited photooxidation, ,whereas ascorbic acid has developed in low concentrations but inhibited in high concentrations. On the other hand, amounts of lipid hydroperoxide produced by photooxidation were decreased by addition of catalase after irradiation and according to sequential addition of ginseng water extract into it, the formation of lipid hydrolleroxide was decreased simultaneously.