• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.432-440
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• 2008

In this paper, a user-friendly mobile photo album system and albuming functions to support it are introduced. Stand-alone implementation in a mobile device is considered. The main idea of user-friendly photo browsing for albuming functions is to enable users to organize and browse their photos along semantically meaningful axes of events, personal identities, and categories. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method would be sufficiently useful and efficient for browsing personal photos in mobile environment.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.442-446
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• 2010

In this paper we propose an indexing method supporting the browsing scheme for effective image search on large photo database. The proposed method is based on M-tree, a representative indexing scheme on matrix space. While M-tree focuses on the searching efficiency by pruning, it did not consider browsing efficiency directly. This paper proposes node selection method, node splitting method and node splitting conditions for browsing efficiency. According to test results, node cohesion and clustering precision improved 1.5 and twice the original respectively and searching speed also increased twice the original speed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2007.10c
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• pp.267-271
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• 2007

디지털 카메라의 보급과 U.C.C. 개념의 등장으로 인하여 개인이 생산하는 사진의 양도 많아지고, 이를 감상하는 시간도 많아졌다. 사진이란 추억을 회상하는데 하나의 포인트 역할을 하는 매체이다. 따라서 인간의 감성적인 부분을 많이 자극되는데, 이 과정에서 추가적인 자극을 줌으로써 사용자의 감성을 더욱 자극할 수 있다. 하지만, 기존의 연구들은 디지털 사진을 검색하고 관리하는데 초점이 맞추어져 있었다. 본 논문에서는 사용자가 사진 앨범을 감상할 때에 개별 사진을 분석하여 전체 사진과 가장 잘 어울리는 배경음악을 추천/재생하는 ListenPhoto 시스템을 제안한다. 그리고, 시스템의 필요성에 대한 평가와 시스템 성능에 대한 평가 두 부분으로 나누어 평가를 진행하였다. 사용자들은 이 시스템을 통하여 풍부하게 디지털 사진 생활을 즐길 수 있게 될 것이다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.429-434
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 기울임 동작에 기반한 휴대기기 상의 사진 감상 UI를 제시하고 사용성을 평가한다. 기존의 기울임 입력 방식의 세가지 조작성 문제(overshooting, fluctuation, 부분 이미지 제시)를 개선하기 위하여, 사진 위치 및 기울임에 의존하는 사진 이동 제어 dynamics 모델을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 기울임 감지용 가속도 센서, 기울임에 의한 사진 이동 제어 dynamics 모델, 다중모달(시각, 청각, 촉각)을 통한 모델 상태 출력부로 구성된다. 센서 입력과 다중 모달 출력을 위하여, 삼성 MITs 4300 PDA의 배터리 팩을 개조하여 3축 가속도 센서와 진동 출력장치 (VBW32)를 장착하였다. 제안하는 시스템은 기존의 대표적인 사진 감상 입력 방법인 버튼과 iPod wheel과 비교하였다. 정량적 비교를 위하여 7명의 사용자에게 100장의 사진 중 20장을 차례로 검색하는 과제를 부여하면서 수집한 로그를 분석하였으며, 정성적인 비교를 위하여 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 실험 결과 제안한 방법이 기존 기울임 기반 dynamics에 비하여 overshooting 횟수를 30%, 사진간 이동 거리를 25%, 이동 시간을 17% 감소하였다. 또한 제안한 방법이 버튼과 유사한 조작성을 갖고 있으며, 버튼과 iPod보다 더욱 흥미성이 뛰어났다. 상업적으로 뛰어난 성공을 거둔 iPod이 다수의 overshooting 발생으로 실제로는 사용성이 떨어진다는 점이 예상치 못한 흥미로운 발견이었다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.25-33
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• 2010

With the popularization of digital photography, people are now capturing and storing far more photos than ever before. However, the enormous number of photos often discourages the users to identify desired photos. In this paper, we present a novel method for fast and intuitive browsing through large collections of geo-referenced photographs. Given a set of photos, we construct a hierarchical structure of clusters such that each cluster includes a set of spatially adjacent photos and its sub-clusters divide the photo set disjointly. For each cluster, we pre-compute its convex hull and the corresponding polygon area. At run-time, this pre-computed data allows us to efficiently visualize only a fraction of the clusters that are inside the current view and have easily recognizable sizes with respect to the current zoom level. Each cluster is displayed as a single polygon representing its convex hull instead of every photo location included in the cluster. The users can quickly transfer from clusters to clusters by simply selecting any interesting clusters. Our system automatically pans and zooms the view until the currently selected cluster fits precisely into the view with a moderate size. Our user study demonstrates that these new visualization and interaction techniques can significantly improve the capability of navigating over large collections of geo-referenced photos.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.7
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• pp.1346-1367
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• 2011

As the size of camera modules is decreasing and as the computing performance of portable devices is improving, taking photos has become a part of daily life. However, existing photo management programs and products that manage such photos still require extensive user effort to facilitate the sharing and browsing of images. It is especially difficult for novice users to manage and share photos. In this paper, we develop a round-robin concept-driven user preference feedback mechanism for achieving direct photo sharing, instant display, and easy management using optimized user controls and user preference-driven classification. Compared with commercial photo management systems, our proposed solution provides new features: optimized user controls, direct sharing and instant display, and user preference feedback driven classification. These new features boost the round-robin concept-driven user preference feedback. This paper proposes a photo finder that automatically searches for photos in storage spaces or cameras. The proposed photo finder relies on user preference feedback to share photos by leveraging user preferences, and the round-robin connection transmits photos to the family's digital photo frame or web album by arbiter. The proposed method saves time and spares users the effort required for photo management. Moreover, this method does not merely direct photo sharing and simple photo management, but it also increases the satisfaction level of users viewing the photos.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.711-716
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• 2006

Since the introduction of digital camera to the mass market, the number of digital photos owned by an individual is growing at an alarming rate. This phenomenon naturally leads to the issues of difficulties while searching and browsing in the personal digital photo archive. Traditional approach typically involves content-based image retrieval using computer vision algorithms. However, due to the performance limitations of these algorithms, at least on the casual digital photos taken by non-professional photographers, more recent approaches are centered on time-based clustering algorithms, analyzing the shot times of photos. These time-based clustering algorithms are based on the insight that when these photos are clustered according to the shot-time similarity, we have "event clusters" that will help the user browse through her photo archive. It is also reported that one of the remaining problems with the time-based approach is that people perceive events in different scales. In this paper, we present an adaptive time-based clustering algorithm that exploits the usage history of digital photos in order to infer the user's preference on the event granularity. Experiments show significant performance improvements in the clustering accuracy.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.405-413
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• 2009

Tagging system is the system that allows internet users to assign new meta-data which is called tag to article, photo, video and etc. for facilitating searching and browsing of web contents. Tag cloud, a visual interface is widely used for browsing tag space. Tag cloud selects the tags with the highest frequency and presents them alphabetically with font size reflecting their popularity. However the conventional tag selection method includes known weaknesses. So, we propose a novel tag selection method Freshness, which helps to find fresh web contents. Freshness is the mean value of Kullback-Leibler divergences between each consecutive change of tag co-occurrence probability distribution. We collected tag data from three web sites, Allblog, Eolin and Technorati and constructed the system, 'Fresh Tag Cloud' which collects tag data and creates our tag cloud. Comparing the experimental results between Fresh Tag Cloud and the conventional one with data from Allblog, our one shows 87.5% less overlapping average, which means Fresh Tag Cloud outperforms the conventional tag cloud.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.11 no.1 s.30
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• pp.15-27
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• 2006

In this paper, a novel approach is addressed to facilitate the browsing of large collection of digital photos associated with specified person(s) in the photos. The goal of the proposed method is to exploit additional person-identity features as incorporating facial regions and peripheral clothes region associated with them. For more effective incorporation of the clothes and facial features, situation-based photo clustering is also proposed. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed method experiment was performed with 1120 generic home photos. The experiment results showed that the proposed method outperformed the conventional method us El.g only face feature as showing the average performance of about 92% contrary to the average performance of about 70% in the conventional method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.498-501
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• 2011

최근 모바일 기기의 저장장치 용량이 늘어나면서 사용자는 대량의 사진을 휴대하고 다닌다. 하지만 현재 대량의 사진을 한정적 크기의 화면에 효과적으로 보여줄 수 있는 인터페이스가 부족하다. 모바일 기기에서 사용자 입장에서 편의성을 제공하는 사진 브라우징을 위해서는 직관적인 탐색 방법과 탐색시간을 단축시키는 방법이 필요하다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 모바일 기기에 저장된 사진들에 대해 이벤트 별사진을 자동 분류하며 이벤트 내의 객체 인식을 통해 이벤트에 자주 나오는 객체 정보들을 제공하여 직관적인 브라우징이 가능하도록 하는 방법들을 제안한다. 제안한 방법으로는 이벤트 기반의 브라우징과 객체 기반의 브라우징 방법이 있다. 이벤트 기반의 브라우징을 위해서 시간과 위치정보를 이용하여 이벤트를 군집화하고 통계적 자료에 근거한 이벤트 자동 경계 검출 방법을 사용했다. 또한 객체 기반의 브라우징을 위해서 객체 인식을 통해 사진들을 객체별로 분류하는 방법을 사용하였다. 사진내에서 객체의 인식을 위해 BoW(Bag of Word)를 사용하였으며 인식율을 높이기 위해 TF-IDF를 적용한 방법을 제안하였다. 본 방법은 기존의 방식에 비해 객체 인식률이 더 높음을 확인했다.