• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.760-768
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• 2022

The purpose this study was to investigate the influences of 5% mung bean (Phaseolus aureus L.) on BUN and enzyme activities in serum of hyperlipidemic rats. Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats (24 male) were divided into four groups, namely the BD group(normal-nonhyperlipidemic diet), BM group(normal-nonhyperlipidemic diet+5% mung bean), BH group(control-hyperlipidemic diet), and BHM group(hyperlipidemic diet+5% mung bean). Serum concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and uric acid were significantly decreased (p<0.05) by mung bean supplementation diet. The activities of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, amylase and lipase in sera of mung bean diet group were significantly decreased (p<0.05). The catalase activity in serum of mung bean supplementation group was significantly increased than hyperlipidemic diet (p<0.05). In vivo experiment with hyperlipidemic rats showed that ingestion of mung bean were effective in kidney and hepatic functional enzyme activities. Which suggests that mung bean material could be used for further studies as a potential source for nutraceutical foods.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.456-463
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 3 types of medicinal herbs (Glycyrrhizae radix, Astragali radix and Dioscorea rhizoma) extracts on estrogen-like activities, proliferation and differentiation in osteoblast. Human breast cancer cell line MCF7 was transfected using an estrogen responsive luciferase reporter plasmid for measure the estrogen-like activity. Estrogen-like activities of extracts were in the range of 1.11~5.73 fold to that of negative control. The extract of G. radix showed the strongest estrogen-like activities. The estrogen-like activities of 50 and $500{\mu}g/ml$ extracts of G. radix were similar to that of $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-7}$ M standard solution ($17{\beta}-estradiol$), respectively. G. radix extract showed no cytotoxicity against osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells at $1{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/ml$. The extract of A. radix showed no significant proliferation of osteoblast. However, the extract of G. radix and D. rhizome showed maximum 148% and 133% proliferation effects. The extract of G. radix also increased alkaline phosphatase activity and the maximum was 122% at $100{\mu}g/ml$ compared to that of control. The nodule formation by the method of the Alizarin red S staining increased compared to control. These results suggest that G. radix is able to perform the bone formation and prevent osteoporosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.1535-1542
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• 2009

To find the new use of Korean ginseng and mushroom, crude polysaccharides were prepared from submerged cultures of Hericium erinaceum in the medium supplemented with Korean ginseng extracts. When we fractionated crude polysaccharides (HE-GE-CP-1, 3, and 5) from hot-water extracts of submerged cultures of H. erinaceum with ginseng extracts (1%, 3%, and 5% addition of total medium), the yields of HE-GE-CP-1, 3, and 5 were identified at 5.7, 5.1, and 4.8%, respectively. Among crude polysaccharide fractions, HE-GE-CP-5 was significantly higher (1.89-fold of the saline control) than those of HE-GE-CP-1 (1.64-fold) or HE-GE-CP-3 (1.76-fold) on mitogenic activity of splenocytes. HE-GE-CP-5 also had the more potent bone marrow cell proliferation (1.83-fold) rather than HE-CP or HE-GE-CP-1 or HE-GE-CP-3 (1.59- or 1.44- or 1.69-fold, respectively), and anti-metastatic activity as anti-cancer effect showed the highest prophylactic value (72.4% inhibition of tumor control) in 5% supplementation of ginseng extract. However, the lysosomal phosphatase of macrophage was significantly stimulated after HE-GE-CP-3 treatment (2.03-fold). In addition, the immunostimulating and anti-metastatic crude polysaccharide, HE-GE-CP-5, contained mainly neutral sugars (63.2%) with considerable amounts of uronic acid (19.3%) and a small amount of proteins (8.8%). HE-GE-CP-5 can stimulate immune system to inhibit tumor metastasis, and its anti-tumor metastasis may be associated with macrophages, splenocytes and Peyer's patch cells activation.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 1999

It has long been recognized that dropwort contains specific funtional subtances for protecting human liver and preventing and curing its diseases, and thus it has been widely utilized in traditional folk remedy. In the present study. fresh of fermented extract of dropwort shoots grown on dryland and fresh extract of those grown on flooded fie1d were fed to the rats suffering from acute, subacute or chronical toxication induced by alcohol administration, and their affects were investigated. Administration of alcohol to rats and mice for 2 days at 5ml of 30% EtOH/kg/day raised total cholesterol and total glyceride which were, however, great1y supressed when alcohol was administered to the laboratory animals previously fed on fresh or fermented extract of dryland dropwort, or fresh extract of flooded field-grown dropwort for 20 days, without significant differences among the extracts. The levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase which were raised by alcohol adminstration were also lowered by feeding dropwort extract, among which that of fermented dryland-grown one was more effective than the other two. Chronic alcohol toxication was induced to rats by administering 10% alcohol for 10 months and fermented dropwort extract or tap water was fed to the rats for 5 days. The rats fed on fermented dropwort extract were lower in total cholesterol by 40% and in tota1 glyceride by 60% than the control. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the rats fed on fermented dropwort extract were decreased by 87.2% and 91.7%, respectively, compared to the control, and the rats recovered almost to normal. Activity of alkaline phosphatase, catalase, superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase changed greatly by alcohol administration in the rats suffering from chronic as well as acute toxication. The extract of fermented dry land dropwort significantly lowed the activity of those enzymes, especially, alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase. The present results suggesting the possible medicinal effect of fermented dropwort extract to liver diseases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.415-422
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• 2009

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of grape pomace on lipid peroxidation and related enzyme activities of rats fed high fat diet. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 90 g were assigned to 4 experimental groups of 8 rats on the basis of their body weight. The high fat diet contained additional 15% lard to AIN 93-based diet. Rats were fed experimental diets containing 5% grape pomace for 4 weeks. Dietary supplementation of grape pomace reduced serum concentration of lipid peroxide in rats fed high fat diet. Hepatic concentration of lipid peroxide tended to be lower by feeding grape pomace. Hepatic total glutathione content and GSH/GSSG ratio were increased by grape pomace feeding in normal or high fat diet groups. Hepatic superoxide dismutase activity of grape pomace group with high fat diet was induced significantly compared with high fat diet group without grape pomace. Hepatic catalase activity of high fat fed rats was induced by feeding grape pomace. Grape pomace diet increased glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat liver fed high fat. Hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity was not affected by dietary supplementation of grape pomace in rats fed high fat. These results suggest that dietary supplementation of grape pomace may alleviate lipid peroxidation through antioxidant effect in rats fed high fat.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.144-148
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• 2006

Apoptotic death of articular chondrocytes has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) has been used for several years as a marker enzyme of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. This study investigated the activity of TRAP in media of apoptotic cell death-induced canine chondrocyte. We exposed canine chondrocyte to capsaicin and the results showed that capsaicin induced cell death in a dose dependent manner. And we measured TRAP activity in media of chondrocyte death induced by capsaicin treatment and the results capsaicin significantly increased the activity of TRAP in media for dose dependent. We also investigated whether the combination treatment with capsaicin and TRAIL enhance apoptotic cell death in canine chondrocyte. We exposed canine chondrocyte to capsaicin for 24 hrs at the indicated dose, and then treated with recombinant TRAIL protein for 24 hrs. TRAIL alone did not induce cell death after 24 hours, but the combined treatment of both induced more cell death compared with capsaicin alone in a dose dependent manner. Also, the combination treatment with capsaicin and TRAIL increased the activity of TRAP in culture media. These results suggest that TRAP can flow out into extracellular after chondrocyte damage, and TRAP may be a successful biomarker for detection of joint disease such as osteoarthritis.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1983

This research is to examine the detoxication effect of methionine on cadmium intoxication For this purpose, this paper provides an analysis of the data on the groups of mice (ICR), one group of mice treated with 40 ppm of cadmium only. and other groups of mice combined-treated with cadmium and 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% methionine. After breeding for 40 days, the data on the growth of mice, changes in activation of alkaline phosphatase in blood, and the cadmium content in the liver and kidney, are analysed. The results were as follows: 1) The growth-rate of mice, in the cadmium only injected group, was declined by 9% in comparison with the control group after 40 days. But the two groups of cadmium with 0.5% and 1% methionine showed the rise of 9% ana 14% respectively above the growth-rate of the control group. The results from the groups of cadmium with 0.1% and 0.25%, methionine were similar to that from the cadmium only injected group. 3) Changes in activation of alkaline phosphatase in blood decreased to 86.45% in the cadmium only injected group behind the 100% activation of the control group. The groups of cadmium with 0.1% and 0.25% methionine showed no difference with the former group. But the groups of cadmium with 0.5% and 1% methionine recovered to the 93.14% and 96.08% of activation respectively. 3) The mean content of cadmium in the liver was $0.028{\pm}0.001{\mu}g/g$ in the control group. The cadmium only injected group showed the mean cadmium content of $2.80{\pm}0.62{\mu}g/g$ in the liver, which was similar to $2.82{\pm}1.03{\mu}g/g$ in the group of cadmium with 0.1% methionine, and $2.56{\pm}0.77{\mu}g/g$ in the group of cadmium with 0.25% methionine. But the groups of cadmium with 0.5% and 1% methionine showed the reduction of cadmium contents in the liver to $1.84{\pm}0.56{\mu}g/g$ and $1.74{\pm}0.35{\mu}g/g$ respectively. In the kidney, the groups of cadmium with 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5% methionine shelved the similar cadmium content to the group treated with cadmium only. But the group of cadmium with 1% methionine showed a small increase to $4.13{\pm}1.00{\mu}g/g$ in comparison with the group treated with cadmium only. This analysis proves that the mobility and diffusion of cadmium in tile tissues advance faster ill the group treated with cadmium and methionine than in the group treated with cadmium only.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.885-892
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• 2017

We estimated the limiting nutrient and DIP limiting history based on alkaline phosphatase (APase) activity during the spring of 2017 in the Southern Sea, Korea. In the frontal area, concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN): DIP ratio and Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) were < $0.2{\mu}M$, 23.2 and $2.2{\mu}g/L$, respectively, indicating high productivity despite DIP limiting. The relationship between APase and DIP indicates that the study area had limited DIP because of a strongly reverse correlation (r= -0.81; P<0.001). Relationship between APase and Chl-a (r=0.61, p<0.001) also indicated that APase may have been induced by phytoplankton (ca. 60 %) and bacteria (ca. 40 %). In DIP limiting history in this study area, frontal area and non-frontal areas might have induced long-term DIP limitation and the recent relief from DIP-limitation, respectively, based on distributions of dissolved APase and particulate APase. Thus, these results suggest that by measuring the enzyme that hydrolyzes organic matter such as APase in frontal area, it is possible to estimate temporal and spatial characteristics of limiting nutrient, thereby improving our understanding of biogeochemistry cycles.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-63
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• 1985

This paper was aimed to study the effects of Cobalt-60 gamma ray irradiation on Albino rat blood cells and the activity of enzymes were measured using blood cell auto analyzer (Cell-Dyn 900) and enzyme autoanalyzer (Gilford 3500) respectively. Cobalt-60 gamma rays those are grouped into 200R, 400R, 600R, 800R, 1,000R, 1,200R, 1,300R, 1,400R, 1,500R and 1,600R to the rats of male and female and measured the numeral varieties of blood corpuscles of the rats and the active varieties of enzyme of acid, alkaline phosphatase (ACP, ALP), lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. (GPT) those came out after 1, 3, 5 or 7 days. The results are summarized as follows: 1. In both case of male and female, the numeral varieties of the erythrocytes, in the 200R group of irradiation showed the minimum value in the 3 days group and a tendency of increase in the 5 and 7 days groups, while the numeral varieties of the leucocytes in every groups of irradiation showed a tendency of a rapid decrease after a day. The numeral varieties of the blood platelet in both case of male and female didn't show generally any great change in a day and 3 days groups, but showed a rapid decreasing appearance after the 5 days. 2. In both case of male and female, the activities of ACP were on the decrease gradually after 3 days of the irradiation and the activities of ALP were on the decrease after 5 days. Similarly in both case of mate and female, the activities of LDH showed the decrease after 3 and 5 days, and the phenomenous of GOT showed an appearance of increase in a day, but decreased after 3 days. As for the GPT activities couldn't find any great change in the male rats in comparison with the control groups, but in the female rats a tendency of the increase in 600R, 800R, 1,000R groups after 3 days. 3. In the case of the irradiation of high quantity of ray more than 1,200R, all rats died after 4 days, and by the irradiation of 1,600R all rats died after 3 days, and it showed the sensitive response of a living body to the irradiation of high quantity.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.142-149
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• 2002

Objectve : Okadaic acid is a specific inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 and 2A. In order to know the mechanism of apoptosis induced by okadaic acid, we treated FRTL-5 thyroid cells with okadaic acid and measured the changes of important proteins that are involved in apoptosis. Materials and Methods: We measured caspase 3 activity, $PLC-{\gamma}1$ degradation, the expression of XIAP, cIAP1, cIAP2, and cytochrome c release in okadaic acid-treated FRTL-5 thyroid cells. Results: Okadaic acid-induced caspase 3 activation and $PLC-{\gamma}1$ degradation and apoptosis were dose-dependent with a maximal effect at a concentration of 80 nmol and time-dependent with a maximal effect at 24 hours after treatment. The elevated caspase 3 activity in okadaic acid treated FRTL-5 thyroid cells are correlated with down-regulation of XIAP and cIAP1, but not cIAP2. General and potent inhibitor of caspases, z-VAD-fmk. abolished okadaic acid-induced caspase 3 activity and $PLC-{\gamma}1$ degradation. The release of cytochrome c in okadaic acid-induced FRTL-5 thyroid cells was dose-dependent with a maximal effect at a concentration of 80 nmol. Conclusions: These findings suggest that mechanism of okadaic acid-induced apoptosis is associated with cytochrome c release and increase of caspase 3 activation in FRTL-5 thyroid cells.