• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2005

Ten isolates of Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) were detected in slaughtered cattle and investigated their phenotypic characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility. None of the isolates was positive for eae gene. Only one isolate was positive for uidA gene. Eight out of ten isolates of VTEC were originated from broker's cattle. Thus microbiological monitoring for broker farms should be performed to minimize VTEC contamination. In the antimicrobial susceptibility test, all the isolates were highly resistant to bacitracin and lincomycin whilst they are susceptible to apramycin and neomycin.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2003

Nine dichlorprop-degrading bacteria and three pairs of bacteria showing syntrophic metabolism of the herbicide were isolated from soils, and their genetic and phenotypic characteristics were investigated. Analysis of 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the isolates were related to members of the genera, Sphingomonas, Herbaspirillum, and Bradyrhizobium. Twelve different chromosomal DNA patterns were obtained by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) amplification of repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) sequences from the 15 isolates. The isolates were able to utilize the herbicide dichlorprop as a sole source of carbon and energy and their dichlorprop derogative pathways were induced by the presence of dichlorprop. Most of the isolates and syntrophic pairs were able to degrade both (R)- and (S)-dichlorprop, but strain DP522 exhibited enantioselective degradation of (S)-dichlorprop. The isolates degraded 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid , and mecoprop, in addition to dichlorprop. Oxygen uptake experiments indicated that most of the isolates degraded dichlorprop through 2,4-dichlorophenol.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.521-526
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• 2021

Three isolates belonging to the ascomycetous genus Zygotorulaspora were obtained from the fruits of Cornus officinalis and Smilax china, and flowers of Dendranthema zawadskii var. latilobum in Gongju-si, Korea. Phylogenetic Analyses of the LSU D1/D2 domain and ITS region sequences supported the recognition of two new species: Zygotorulaspora cornina sp. nov. (type strain NIBRFGC000500475 = KACC93346P^PP) and Zygotorulaspora smilacis sp. nov. (type strain NIBRFGC000500476 = KACC93347P^PP). The two novel species revealed no growth on D-Galactose, unlike the other six species in the genus Zygotorulaspora. They are distinguished from each other by their phylogenetic differences and phenotypic characteristics such as assimilation of xylitol, 5-keto-D-gluconate, and ethanol. All species in the genus Zygotorulaspora including the two novel species have phenotypic traits of genus Zygotorulaspora: asci are persistent, sucrose and raffinose are assimilated, and m-inositol is not required for growth, and they are mainly associated with plants.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2021

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common hereditary motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy. CMT is usually classified into two categories based on pathology: demyelinating CMT type 1 (CMT1) and axonal CMT type 2 (CMT2) neuropathy. CMT1 can be distinguished by assessing the median motor nerve conduction velocity as greater than 38 m/s. The main clinical features of axonal CMT2 neuropathy are distal muscle weakness and loss of sensory and areflexia. In addition, they showed unusual clinical features, including delayed development, hearing loss, pyramidal signs, vocal cord paralysis, optic atrophy, and abnormal pupillary reactions. Recently, customized treatments for genetic diseases have been developed, and pregnancy diagnosis can enable the birth of a normal child when the causative gene mutation is found in CMT2. Therefore, accurate diagnosis based on genotype/phenotypic correlations is becoming more important. In this review, we describe the latest findings on the phenotypic characteristics of axonal CMT2 neuropathy. We hope that this review will be useful for clinicians in regard to the diagnosis and treatment of CMT.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.22.1-22.21
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• 2020

In the progression of atherosclerosis, macrophages are the key immune cells for foam cell formation. During hyperlipidemic condition, phagocytic cells such as monocytes and macrophages uptake oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) accumulated in subintimal space, and lipid droplets are accumulated in their cytosols. In this review, we discussed the characteristics and phenotypic changes of macrophages in atherosclerosis and the effect of cytosolic lipid accumulation on macrophage phenotype. Due to macrophage plasticity, the inflammatory phenotypes triggered by oxLDL can be re-programmed by cytosolic lipid accumulation, showing downregulation of NF-κB activation followed by activation of anti-inflammatory genes, leading to tissue repair and homeostasis. We also discuss about various in vivo and in vitro models for atherosclerosis research and next generation sequencing technologies for foam cell gene expression profiling. Analysis of the phenotypic changes of macrophages during the progression of atherosclerosis with adequate approach may lead to exact understandings of the cellular mechanisms and hint therapeutic targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

• 한국미생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물학회 2002년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.223-223
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• 2002

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 2000년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.226.2-226
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.747-755
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• 2009

The feed resource for animals is a major cost determinant for profitability in livestock production enterprises, and thus any effort at improving the efficiency of feed use will help to reduce feed cost. Feed conversion ratio, expressed as feed inputs per unit output, is a traditional measure of efficiency that has significant phenotypic and genetic correlations with feed intake and growth traits. The use of ratio traits for genetic selection may cause problems associated with prediction of change in the component traits in future generations. Residual feed intake, a linear index, is a trait derived from the difference between actual feed intake and that predicted on the basis of the requirements for maintenance of body weight and production. Considerable genetic variation exists in residual feed intake for cattle and pigs, which should respond to selection. Phenotypic independence of phenotypic residual feed intake with body weight and weight gain can be obligatory. Genetic residual feed intake is genetically independent of its component traits (body weight and weight gain). Genetic correlations of residual feed intake with daily feed intake and feed conversion efficiency have been strong and positive in both cattle and pigs. Residual feed intake is favorably genetically correlated with eye muscle area and carcass weight in cattle and with eye muscle area and backfat in pigs. Selection to reduce residual feed intake (excessive intake of feed) will improve the efficiency of feed and most of the economically important carcass traits in cattle and pigs. Therefore, residual feed intake can be used to replace traditional feed conversion ratio as a selection criterion of feed efficiency in breeding programs. However, further studies are required on the variation of residual feed intake during different developmental stage of production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of ultrasound measurements for longissimus dorsi muscle area (LMA), backfat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS) in Hanwoo cows (N = 3,062) at the ages between 18 and 42 months. Data were collected from 100 Hanwoo breeding farms in Gyeongbuk province, Korea, in 2007 and 2008. The cows were classified into four different age groups, i.e. 18 to 22 months (the first pregnancy period), 23 to 27 (the first parturition), 28 to 32 (the second pregnancy), and 33 to 42 (the second parturition), respectively. For each age group, a multi-trait animal model was used to estimate variance components and heritabilities of the three traits. The averages of LMA, BFT, and MS measurements across the cows of all age groups were 50.1 $cm^2$, 4.62 mm, and 3.04, respectively and heritability estimates were 0.09, 0.10, and 0.08 for the respective traits. However, when the data were analyzed in different age groups, heritability estimates of LMA and BFT were 0.24 and 0.47, respectively, for the cows of 18 to 22 months of age, and 0.21 for MS in the 28 to 32 months old cows. When the cows of all age groups were used, the estimates of genetic (phenotypic) correlations were 0.43 (0.35), -0.06 (0.34) and 0.21 (0.32) between LMA and BFT, LMA and MS, and BFT and MS, respectively. However, in the cow age group between 28 and 32 (18 and 22) months, the estimates of genetic (phenotypic) correlations were 0.05 (0.29), -0.15 (0.24) and 0.38 (0.24), for the respective pairs of traits. These results suggest that genetic, environmental, and phenotypic variations differ depending on cow age, such that care must be taken when ultrasound measurements are applied to selection of cows for meat quality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.739-743
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• 2011

The aim of this paper was to estimate genetic parameters for body weight and five body measurements for an experimental population of Iranian Makooei sheep maintained at the Makooei Sheep Breeding Station at Makoo, Iran. To do this, yearling live weight (YW), and five body measurements, i.e., body length (BL), heart girth (HG), height at withers (HW), height at back (HB) and scrotal circumference (SC), were analyzed in a multi-trait animal model using the DXMUX program of DFREML software package. Heritability estimates were $0.22{\pm}0.08$, $0.11{\pm}0.06$, $0.21{\pm}0.07$, $0.17{\pm}0.06$, $0.17{\pm}0.06$ and $0.32{\pm}0.10$ for YW, BL, HG, HW, HB and SC, respectively. These estimates indicate that selection in Makooei sheep would generate moderate genetic progress in body weight and body measurements. Scrotal circumference, as an indicator of reproductive potential, exhibited the highest heritability. This trait, therefore, could successfully be used to increase productivity of males and, indirectly, female fertility. Genetic correlations between traits studied were all positive and ranged from 0.15 (YW/HB) to 0.99 (HW/HB). Phenotypic correlations were also positive and ranged from moderate (0.32, HW/SC) to high (0.94, HW/HB). Positive genetic and phenotypic correlations indicate that improvement in body measurements both at the genetic and phenotypic levels is expected through selection on body weight and vice versa.