• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the efficacy of aromatherapy, relaxation therapy and exercise therapy on depression. Methods : Survey of on nonpharmacotherapies on depression - related articles was done through online paper databases from 1998 to 2010 published in Korean journals. Results : 1. We found 30 articles from 1998 to 2010 published in Korean journals: Aromatherapy(16), Relaxation therapy(6) and Exercise therapy(8). 2. 14 of the 16 articles on aromatherapy reported that aromatherapy was effective in the decrease of depression. 3. 5 of the 6 articles on relaxation therapy reported that relaxation therapy was effective in the decrease of depression. 4. 6 of the 8 articles on exercise therapy reported that exercise therapy was effective in the decrease of depression. Conclusions : In this study, it seems that aromatherapy, relaxation therapy and exercise therapy were effective on reducing depression.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2012

Music therapy had been widely used in the area of psychiatry. However recently, participation of psychiatrist has been decreased, due to recent trends of emphasizing biological psychiatry and rapid effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. A 46 years old male PTSD patient was admitted to psychiatric ward. He has suffered from PTSD symptoms, such as intrusive distressing recollection of his past traffic accident, social avoidance, insomnia and depression. Music therapy, which is conducted by a psychiatrist and a music therapist, was applied. This case suggests the positive role of music therapy in treatment of PTSD and emphasizes the importance of participation of psychiatrist, as an organizer during music therapy.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.403-408
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• 2020

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) involves chronic neuropathic pain, characterized by attacks of repeating short episodes of unilateral shock-like pain, which are abrupt in onset and termination. Anticonvulsants, such as carbamazepine, are the gold standard first-line drugs for pharmacological treatment. Microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery is often the course of action if pharmacological management with anticonvulsants is unsuccessful. MVD surgery is an effective therapy in approximately 83% of cases. However, persistent neuropathic pain after MVD surgery may require reintroduction of pharmacotherapy. This case report presents two patients with persistent pain after MVD requiring reintroduction of pharmacological therapy. Although MVD is successful for patients with failed pharmacological management, it is an invasive procedure and requires hospitalization of the patient. About one-third of patients suffer from recurrent TN after MVD. Often, alternative treatment protocols, including the reintroduction of medications, may be necessary to achieve improvement. This case report presents two cases of post-MVD recurrent pain. Further research is lacking on the success rates of subsequent medication therapy after MVD has proven less effective in managing TN.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 2021

The World Anti-Doping Agency has made efforts to promote the safe use of medications and prevent doping in sports globally. International standards have been established and experts have advocate anti-doping education to athletes and healthcare professionals. Pharmacists are expected to participate in the pharmaceutical care activity of sports medicine in protecting the athletes while providing the spirits of clean sports. In this review, we described the pharmacists' roles and functions in six areas of sports pharmaceutical care: awareness, treatment, prevention, optimization, abuse, and monitoring. Sports pharmacists should be able to prevent inappropriate drug use and manage athletes' illness and injury using pharmacotherapy. Further pharmacists should actively involve to educate and counsel athletes, trainers, and healthcare teams. In conclusion, pharmacists are expected to play important roles in sports pharmacy, which is the emerging area of specialized pharmaceutical care services.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2021

Background: This study aims to determine whether the new 6-year pharmacy curriculum is designed to help students in their career path based on the employment status of the current 2+4 pharmacy school graduates. Methods: An online survey was conducted to the pharmacists who graduated from Woosuk University College of Pharmacy between 2015 and 2021. The survey questions included the current employment status of the graduates and their feedback on the clinical pharmacy curriculum at Woosuk University. Results: There were a total of 104 graduates who responded to the survey out of 312 graduates of whom the school had current contact information. Most of the graduates are currently working in a community pharmacy (63.5%), followed by hospital pharmacy (27.9%) and pharmaceutical industry (4.8%). Although most graduates were satisfied with clinical pharmacy courses at our college, many thought there needs to be a reinforcement or improvement in the curriculum, including pharmacotherapy and pharmacy practice experiences as well as social pharmacy courses. Conclusion: Based on our study, clinical and social pharmacy are the courses that teach the knowledge and skills required in community and hospital pharmacy and yet, are most in need of improvement. As most graduates work in a community or hospital pharmacy, it is necessary to improve our pharmacy curriculum so that they can learn and demonstrate their clinical skills effectively.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.58-63
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• 2020

Depressive disorder is a very common disease, clinical manifestations vary, and the mechanism is not clear. Therefore, a pharmacotherapy is very important to achieve sufficient therapeutic effect, but the choice of drug is not easy due to the occurrence of side effects of treatment and confusion with clinical features. It is easy to overlook the side effects of weight gain with antidepressants compared with antipsychotics, but they are frequently observed in clinical settings. The first-generation antidepressants have higher weight gains than selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are observed to have less weight gain, and dopamine norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors have weight loss effect due to decreased appetite. Mirtazapine, an atypical antidepressant, has a strong histamine H1 blockade, and gains weight gain from short-term use. The effects of desvenlafaxine, vortioxetine, and agomelatin on weight, which have recently been increasing in use, have not been largely identified. For better compliance, studies on weight gain due to the use of antidepressants are needed.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2009

Purpose: This study is to summarize of Western-Eastern books and articles on sleep disturbances and to analyze the trends of nursing research in Korea. Methods: The Western-Eastern books and articles on sleep disturbances were comprehensively reviewed. The 70 articles published from 1981-2008 of Korean nursing research about sleep disturbances were reviewed using a structured form. Results: In Oriental medicine, the main cause of sleep disorder is unbalance of Yin and Yang, the treatments are herb therapy, acupuncture, moxibustion, psychotherapy, sleep hygiene, etc. In Western medicine, the International Classification of Sleep disorder is dyssomnia, parasomnia, mental/neurologic or other medical disorders, proposed sleep disorder and the treatments are pharmacotherapy, cure treatment of sleep hygiene, cause, behavior and perception. The number of nursing research and experimental study about sleep disorder in Korea is increasing. The most common subjects were hospitalized patients and the elderly, Of the 34 experimental studies, foot reflexology was the most commonly used as a nursing intervention. Conclusions: Nurses should concern more on patients' or clients' sleep disturbances to increase their quality of life. This literature study is useful for the access to effective nursing intervention for sleep disturbances.

• Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.119-132
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• 2018

Despite the fact that pharmacotherapy depressive disorders have proven efficacy, a substantial number of patients are resistant to conventional management. As neuroscientific research about pathophysiology of depression have accumulated, repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have emerged as an important mechanism-based treatment modality. This overview provides a review of therapeutic application of rTMS and tDCS in patients with depression. The clinical and basic studies of rTMS and tDCS in depression were reviewed and integrated using a literature review and interview with experts. rTMS is a noninvasive procedure of a localized pulsed magnetic field to the surface of the head to cause a depolarization of neurons in the brain cortex. tDCS has a mechanism of modulating cortical excitability in a polarity-specific manner without eliciting action potentials. rTMS and tDCS seem promising for treating depression. Although therapeutic parameters and further technical improvement remain to be systematically investigated, rTMS and tDCS would be a safe and effective intervention to treat depression.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.113-133
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• 2023

Owing to a large-jeopardized myocardium, left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) represents the substantial high-risk anatomical subset of obstructive coronary artery disease. For several decades, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has been the "gold standard" treatment for LMCAD. Along with advances in CABG, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has also dramatically evolved over time in conjunction with advances in the stent or device technology, adjunct pharmacotherapy, accumulated experiences, and practice changes, establishing its position as a safe, reasonable treatment option for such a complex disease. Until recently, several randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and observational registries comparing PCI and CABG for LMCAD have shown comparable long-term survival with tradeoffs between early and late risk-benefit of each treatment. Despite this, there are still several unmet issues for revascularization strategy and management for LMCAD. This review article summarized updated knowledge on evolution and clinical evidence on the treatment of LMCAD, with a focus on the comparison of state-of-the-art PCI with CABG.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.73-81
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of various treatment modalities including pharmacotherapy, educational-behavioral therapy, and complementary alternative treatment for children with mental retardation (MR) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Korea. Methods : The sample consisted of 50 parents who have children with MR (N=28) or ASD (N=22) : 38 boys, 12 girls ; mean age 14.06 (4.14) years old. A questionnaire was composed of the experienced modality, duration, cost, satisfaction, etc. Results : According to the results, 56.0%, 100.0%, and 36.0% of children with MR or ASD have experienced pharmacological treatment, educational-behavioral therapy and complementary alternative medicine (CAM), respectively. Children who experienced educational-behavioral therapy and CAM experienced 3.52 kinds of education-behavioral therapy and 2.78 kinds of CAM, respectively. Monthly cost of pharmacological treatment was lowest among three modality categories. Regarding treatment satisfaction by parental report, the lowest score was recorded for CAM. Conclusion : Parents who have a child with MR or ASD are trying many treatment modalities and feeling the burden of their treatment.