• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.341-349
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• 2009

Natural grape extraction was extracted from grape component using diethyl ether as a solvent, and we tested various pharmaceutical and chemical characteristics of this extract. Characteristic experiments to use natural grape extract tested antimicrobial experiment using microbe in pharmaceutical material, and tested dye experiment using fiber in chemical material. From the result of characteristics experiment, some conclusions are obtained as follow. From the result of characteristics experiment, it obtained about 7.5%-grape extraction ratio as semi-solid state, and after dried in freezing from grape extract of semi-solid state, it obtained about 10%-grape extraction ratio as solid state of dark purple color. From result of antimicrobial experiment of grape extract, number of staphylococcus aureus (KCMC-01) and aspergillus niger (KCMC-02) in microbe decreased more and more according to time passage. This phenomenon showed that grape extract influences to antimicrobial effect. From the result of dye experiment of grape extract, it appeared in direction of dark purple color after dyed to use cotton and silk with fiber to control in pH 7.5. Specially the result which confirmed dye of fiber with optical electron microscope(OEM), we could know that it appears darker silk than cotton.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.3957-3962
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• 2012

Iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONs) with biocompatible coatings are the only nanostructural materials which have been approved by the FDA for clinical use. Common biocompatible coatings such as hydrocarbons, polymers, and silica have profound influences on critical characteristics of IONs. Recently, amino acids were introduced as a novel biocompatible coating. In the present study, the effects of amino acids on IONs synthesis and characteristics have been evaluated. Magnetite nanoparticles with L-arginine and L-lysine coatings were synthesised by a coprecipitation reaction in aqueous solvent and their characteristics were compared with naked magnetite nanoparticles. The results showed that amino acids can be a perfect coating for IONs and would increase particle stability without any significant effects on the critical properties of nanoparticles such as particle size and magnetization saturation value.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.393-401
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• 2011

Natural Curcumin belongs to Zingiber Officinale Roscoe was known to possess natural odor, natural taste, natural color, and other pharmaceutical & chemical characteristics. Natural Curcumin extract was made to use ethanol as a solvent was to show a yellow color having state of solid powder and an active component. Natural Curcumin extract tested pharmaceutical & chemical experiment to dilute in curcumin 1%-water solution. Curcumin extract tested antimicrobial experiment using microbe, and tested dye experiment using fiber. Some conclusions in the result of characteristics experiment was obtained as follow. The result of antimicrobial experiment showed that the growth of staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-001) and aspergillus niger (ATCC-002) as microbes decreased according to passage of time. This phenomenon could know that Curcumin compoment showed influence to antimicrobial effect. Also, the result of dye experiment showed that cotton and sick with fiber dyeing dyed in direction of dark yellow color. This phenomenon could know that Curcumin extract showed influence to dyeing effect in observation of optical electron microscope(OEM.) The result of instrument analysis ascertained inorganic components of K(53.300ppm), Na(1.150ppm), Ca(0.711ppm), Ti(0.351ppm), Li(0.256ppm), Cu(0.233ppm) etcs from Curcumin component with ICP/OES, and ascertained organic components of propanoic acid(1.859), benzene(10.814), phenol(14.194) etcs from Curcumin component with GC/MSD.

• BMB Reports
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.452-457
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• 2012

Diketoreductase (DKR) from Acinetobacter baylyi contains two tryptophan residues at positions 149 and 222. Trp-149 and Trp-222 are located along the entry path of substrate into active site and at the dimer interface of DKR, respectively. Single and double substitutions of these positions were generated to probe the roles of tryptophan residues. After replacing Trp with Ala and Phe, biochemical and biophysical characteristics of the mutants were thoroughly investigated. Enzyme activity and substrate binding affinity of W149A and W149F were remarkably decreased, suggesting that Trp-149 regulates the position of substrate at the binding site. Meanwhile, enzyme activity of W222F was increased by 1.7-fold while W222A was completely inactive. In addition to lower thermostability of Trp-222 mutants, molecular modeling of the mutants revealed that Trp-222 is vital to protein folding and dimerization of the enzyme.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.535-540
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• 2012

A series of benzamide-based histone deacetylases (HDACs) inhibitors possessing N-(aminopyridine) residue as the zinc binding site of HDAC were synthesized and evaluated. Among these derivatives, compounds with N-(2-amino-4-pyridine) benzamide moiety have been found as the most potent ones. Moreover, introduction of appropriate substituents on the terminal aryl group acting as the surface-recognition domain could significantly improve the antiproliferative activity. In particular, the compound 4k possessed favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics and exhibited potent antitumor activity on xenograft model in mice at well tolerated doses, thus suggesting a good therapeutic index.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.35-46
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to find out the intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) and its determinants in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry of Bangladesh. Research design, data, and methodology - This research study is conducted on the listed firms of pharmaceutical and chemical industry in Bangladesh during the period of 2016 to 2017. This study develops a self-structured intellectual capital disclosure index; and the proxies of determinants of ICD are used as board characteristics (board size, independent directors and female directors), ownership structures (institutional ownership and director ownership), and firm characteristics (firm size, leverage and performance). The study uses a content analysis to analyze the extent of ICD and a pooled cross-sectional method to find the determinants of ICD. Research Findings - This study finds that intellectual capital disclosure is positively associated with firm size, leverage, and firm performance and negatively associated with director ownership and institutional ownership. This study also finds that there is no significant association of ICD with independent director or female director. Conclusions - The study recommends that the regulatory authority should develop mandatory guidelines on ICD for ensuring proper and consistent disclosure about the intellectual capitals. Besides, the companies should include a separate section in the annual reports to disclose the measurement and management of intellectual capital.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.291-306
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• 2009

One-dimensional soil-column studies were carried out to understand the interaction of three industrial effluents namely amino acid ('highly acidic'), surfactant ('highly organic') and pharmaceutical ('organic and toxic') on the physicochemical behavior, index properties and shear strength of bentonite due to artificial contamination extending to nearly 300 days. Changes in inorganic and organic pollutants present in the effluents due to the interaction of the above effluents and soil were assessed to understand the physico-chemical behaviour. Batch and continuous modes of operation, 8 hrs and 16 hrs Hydraulic Retention Time [HRT] and 25%, 50% concentrations of effluents, were the parameters considered. Amino acid, surfactant and pharmaceutical effluents have shown a high variation in pH (7 to 8) after artificial contamination on bentonite that is their original characteristics of the above effluents have been completely reversed. Further, it is found that the shear strength of bentonite has reduced by about 20%, and with respect to liquid limit and plastic limit shows an increasing trend with time within the period of contamination.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.169-172
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• 1995

The changes in blood pressure may relate to the alterations of the responsiveness to vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, and these alterations can arise the modifications in the properties of angiotensin II (AII) receptor. In order to examine the changes of AII receptor in the hypertensive mechanism of renin-dependent hypertensive rats (RHRs; two-kidney, one-ligated type), we compared the equilibrium binding characteristics of $[^3H]$All in adrenal cortex and medulla from RHRs and normotensive rats. The dissociation constants of AII binding in both tissues of RHRs were very similar to those in the respective tissue of normotensive rats. However, the maximum binding was increased from 805 to 1050 fmole/mg protein in the adrenal cortex of RHRs, and decreased from 172 to 126 fmole/mg protein in the adrenal medulla of RHRs. These results imply that the up- and down-regulation of the All receptor population on the cell surface of adrenal glands from RHRs are consorted with the elevation of blood pressure and the activation of renin-angiotensin system.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.93-97
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• 2019

Black ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) is a short-lived ginger plant with dark purple colored root and is known to be effective in treating diabetes and obesity. To find out the difference in the characteristics of the black ginger according to the variety of production, 1D proton NMR experiments were performed on 4 types of black gingers from different regions. The NMR spectra of all black ginger showed the characteristic peaks of the polymethoxy flavone compounds, and the chemical shifts and intensity of peaks showed slight differences depending of the type of black ginger implying the difference in molecular environment. These initial NMR experiments can be applied to the identification of the diversity of black ginger in physiological function according to the climate of regions using SNIF-NMR (Site-specific Natural Isotope Fractionation studied by NMR).

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 1992

The characteristics and stabilities of phosphatidylcholine liposomes covalently coupled with immunoglobulin fragments prepared by the REV method were investigated by the dynamic light scattering, absorbance and calcein release. Using a sulfhydryl-reactive phospholipid derivative of N-[4$({\rho}-maleimido-phenyl)$ butyl] phosphatidylethanolamine (MPB-PE), Fab' antibody fragments were covalently combined with preformed large unilamellar vesicles (LUV), Coupling ratio was $250\;{\mu}g$ of $Fab'/{\mu}mol$ of phospholipid in vesicles, From dynamic light scattering, it was found that the size of the vesicles increases as the ratio of cholesterol to lipid increases, but that apparently, the size of liposomes was not sensitive to the existence of Fab' fragments. Regardless of inserting Fab' fragments, the absorbance of liposomes decreased as the amounts of bile salt (BS) added. At very low BS concentrations, BS/lipid aggregates would be formed in the outer vesicles monolayer, while, at the high BS concentrations, mixed micelles would be preferred. The vesicles incorporated with Fab' fragments, however, are more resistant to the bile salts than the MPB-PE vesicle are. The absorbance of vacant liposomes and calcein release resulted in that the Fab' vesicles and MPB-PE vesicles by the REV method are very stable, but that those by the sonication method sufferred the significant change of turbidities.