• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.41-44
• /
• 2006

This study was peformed to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and antifungal of the cambodian mushroom, Phellinus linteus, in various concentrations from the mushroom extracts. It's extracts were found to cause significant free radical scavenging effects on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). This extracts exhibited in vitro broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and without antifungal activity. On the other hand, the extracts had not significant hemolytic activity against human red blood cells. These results indicate cambodian mushroom, Phellinus inteus having antioxidant and antimicrobial activity without hemolytic activity maybe useful as therapeutic agents.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examined the antioxidant activities by water and 70% ethanol extract from durian (Durio zibethinus.) seed, sarcocarp and peel. Durian extract were studied for reducing sugar content, polyphenol content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) like activity, electron donating ability, nitrite scavenging ability, flavonoid content, hydroxy radical scavenging activity. Reducing sugar content were increased peel > sarcocarp > seed. Total polyphenol, flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging ability and SOD like activity were increased seed > peel > sarcocarp. Total polyphenol content was relatively high as $21.90{\pm}0.50mg/g$ in the ethanol extract of the seed. DPPH radical scavenging ability was relatively high as $62.08{\pm}2.63%$ in the water extract of the seed. Nitrite scavenging ability was no significant difference. Hydroxy radical scavenging activity was increased seed > peel > sarcocarp, was relatively high as $58.27{\pm}1.13%$ in the water extract of the seed.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.507-514
• /
• 1999

6-(1-azidoalkyl)-DMNQ derivatives compared to 2-(1-azidoalkyl)-DMNQ isomers, exhibited higher cytotoxic activity against L1210 mouse leukemia cells and stronger inhibition of DNA topoisomerase-I (TOPO-I), suggesting involvement of steric hindrance. However, similar antitumor activity against mice bearing S-180 cell was shown by 2-an 6-(1-azidoalkyl)-DMNQ derivatives.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.289-292
• /
• 1995

Icariside II, a flavonol glycoside, was isolated from the aerial part of Epimedium Koreanum Nakai by the anti-hepatotoxic acitivity guided fractionation technique employing $CCl_4-in-toxicated$ primary cultured rat hepatocytes as an assay system. Its anti-hepatotoxic activity was evaluated by measuring activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase released from the $CCl_4-in-toxicated$ primary cultured rat hapatocytes. Icariside II significantly reduced the activity of glutamic pyruvic transaminase released from the $CCl_4-in-toxicated$ primary cultured rat hepatocytes and resulted in 78% recovery of the toxicity at the concentration of $200{\;}\mu\textrm{m}$. The anti-hepatotoxic activity of icariside II on the $CCl_4-in-toxicated$ primary cultured rat hepatocytes was as potent as that of silybin.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 1998

A series of 5-hydroxy-4-quinolone (3) and 5-methoxy-4-quinolone (4) derivatives were synthesized as truncated acridone analogues and evaluated for antitumor, antiheroes and antituberculosis activities. Among them 5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-quinolone showed potent antitumor activity ($IC_{50}$=17.7 $\mu\textrm{M}$ for HL60) which was greater than that of acronycine. However, these compounds didn't show any significant antiheroes or antituberculosis activity.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.41 no.5
• /
• pp.295-300
• /
• 2011

Paclitaxel is a well known anticancer agent and has been a pharmaceutical challenge because of its extremely poor water-solubility and susceptibility to the p-glycoprotein (p-gp)-mediated efflux in multi-drug resistant (MDR) cancer cells. Tributyrin (TB), a triglyceride with relatively short fatty acid chains, was chosen as solubilizing vehicle for paclitaxel based on the solubility study (26.6 mg/mL). Tributyrin (10%) o/w emulsion containing paclitaxel (5%), egg phosphatidylcholine (5%) and pegylated phospholipid (0.5%) was prepared by high pressure homogenization to obtain submicron-sized emulsion. The mean particle size of the resultant TB emulsion was 395.5 nm. Paclitaxel in TB emulsion showed higher anticancer activity against human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, than free form delivered in DMSO solution. On the other hand, its anticancer activity was significantly reduced in MCF-7/ADR, a MDR variant cancer cell line of MCF-7, and recovered by the presence of verapamil, suggesting of the susceptibility to the p-gp mediated efflux even though paclitaxel was encapsulated into emulsion. The TB emulsion showed great potential as a promising vehicle for water-insoluble anticancer agent, paclitaxel.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.552-556
• /
• 2011

A novel agar-degrading bacterium mbrc-1 was isolated from seashore of Kyungpo at Gangwon province and cultured in marine broth 2216 medium. Isolated bacterium mbrc-1 was named as Flammeovirga sp. mbrc-1 based on the 16S rDNA sequence. Its agarase showed maximum activity of 923 units/L at pH 7.0 and $45^{\circ}C$ and sustained 90% remaining activity after exposed to $45^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. The enzyme hydrolyzed agarose to yield neoagarohexaose (18.5%), neoagarotetraose (38%) and neoagarobiose (43.5%), indicating that the enzyme is ${\beta}$-agarase. Thus, isolated bacterium and its ${\beta}$-agarase would be useful for the industrial production of neoagarotetraose and neoagarobiose.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.232-236
• /
• 2006

The hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity of methanolic extract of Pluchea indica Less. (Asteraceae) (MEPI) leaves were studied in normal rats and in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats respectively. The blood glucose levels were measured at 1, 4, 8, 16 and 24 h intervals after the treatment. The MEPI leaves showed reduction in blood glucose level in normal (35.12% and 36.01 % for 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o. respectively) and in steptozotocin induced diabetic rats (36.10% and 41.87% for 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively). A toxicity study has been performed for the extract, which revealed that the extract is safe to use even at the doses of 3.2 gm/kg of body weight orally.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 2006

The methanol extracts of the roots, root bark and stem of Berberis tinctoria, were investigated for their hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_4)$ induced toxicity in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, HEp-G2 cells and animal models. The methanol extracts were able to significantly normalise the levels of aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerides, total proteins, albumin, total bilirubin and direct bilirubin, which were altered due to $CCl_4$ intoxication in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes and also in animal models. The anti-hepatotoxic effect of the methanol extracts in vitro were observed at $600\;-\;1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ concentrations. A dose dependent increase in the percentage viability was observed when $CCl_4$ exposed HEp-G2 cells were treated with different concentrations of the methanol extracts. The highest percentage viability of HEp-G2 was observed at a concentration of $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. The results from the present investigations also indicate good correlation between the in vivo and in vitro studies.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 2006

Activity-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the whole plant from Solanum lyratum resulted in the isolation of a new pregnane derivative glycoside, 16-dehydropregnenolone 3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranosyl-($1{\to}2$)-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosid uronic acid (2), as well as other six known compounds: 16-dehydropregnenolone (1), allopregenolone (3), protocatechuic acid (4), vanillic acid (5), caffeic acid (6), and scopoletin (7). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data and chemical evidences. Compounds 1, 3, 4 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Compound 1 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against A375-S2, HeLa, SGC-7901, and Bel-7402 with $IC_{50}$ values of $13.1{\pm}0.9,\;21.5{\pm}1.0,\;40.2{\pm}0.7$, and $49.8{\pm}1.2\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively.