• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2020

The antioxidant activities and β-glucan contents of hot-water extracts of the eggs and fruiting bodies of Phallus indusiatus were investigated using different drying methods, and the amino acid contents as nutritional components of the eggs and fruiting bodies of P. indusiatus were analyzed. DPPH radical scavenging and nitrite scavenging activities of hot-water extracts of the eggs of P. indusiatus obtained after hot-air drying were 59.4% and 15.6%, respectively, at 1 mg/ml concentrations, which showed higher activities than those of freeze dried samples. Total polyphenol and β-glucan contents in hot-air-dried hot-water extracts of the eggs of P. indusiatus were 8.25 mg GAE/g and 45.9%, respectively, which were the highest among all samples. Additionally, 17 amino acids were detected from the hot-water extracts of the eggs and fruiting bodies of P. indusiatus, and the amino acid contents were higher in the eggs than in the fruiting bodies. Cysteine, phenylalanine, and glutamic acid were the most abundant essential and non-essential amino acids in the analyzed extracts. The results of this study showed that the physiological activities of the antioxidants from P. indusiatus, well known as wild edible mushroom, were greater when extracted from the dried samples. Further, the amino acid contents were higher in the egg extracts than in the extracts from the fruiting bodies of P. indusiatus.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.152-161
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• 2019

Phallus impudicus var. impudicus L. is an edible mushroom that has long been used as folk medicine in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, and inflammation inhibitory activities of a methanol extract of fruiting bodies of P. impudicus var. impudicus L. The extract exhibited good 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity, excellent ferrous ion chelating activity, and moderate hydroxyl radical scavenging activity compared with BHT at 2.0 mg/ml. However, the reducing power of the extract was significantly lower than that the BHT positive control. Although the inhibitory activities of methanol extract on acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase were significantly lower than the galanthamine positive control at the concentration tested, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase was 52.83% and 55.17%, respectively, at 1.0 mg/ml. The methanol extract also demonstrated excellent inhibition of inflammation-related activities, such as production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and acute edema induced by administration of carrageenan on the hind paw of rats. The collective results suggest that the fruiting body of P. impudicus var. impudicus L. might be a good source of antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, and anti-inflammation compounds.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 2017

Two new Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) species from the Philippines are described. Hydropsyche philippinensis, n. sp., differs from other congeners in the structure of the phallic apparatus. Diplectrona lagunensis, n. sp., can be distinguished from other congeners by its distinct white band pattern in the forewings and by the structure of the phallus. Both new species were collected from a high mountain stream in the northern part of the Philippines. Paratype materials were barcoded to make the sequences readily available in the GenBank.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.123
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• pp.137-185
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• 2018

This article aims to deconstruct the mechanism of male domination that constantly reproduces the hegemonic class of men. In order to overcome misogyny, we should no longer deny the ontological dimension of the reality of women's oppressions and the pre-eminence of the material condition of women's existence. In addition, the possibility of the category of women as a modality of resistance should be taken into consideration. First, I will highlight the correlation between penis and phallus according to which the phallus refers to the penis which is malleable and fragile and which disappears without being castrated by the external factor. From here we could deduce the fragility and imperfection, the non-absoluteness of the phallic order. Secondly, I will analyze the mechanism of penis-narcissism, which is the modality of the constitution of the individual identity of man. The penis is not only a physiological organ, but a site of self-estimation and the validity of the succession of power and authority of the father's law. With this penis-narcissism, man is constituted as a hegemonic body that can let itself go without worrying about the reactions of others. Thirdly, I will focus on the mechanism of the penis-cartel which is the modality of the formation of the collective identity. The penis-cartel is reinforced by the mutual affirmation of the superiority of men among themselves, but also by the permission and the tacit agreement of their absurdity and lack of rationality and corruption. Because the privilege of men is not monopolized by a small part of the elite, but is consciously and unconsciously shared by all men who are part of the hegemonic and collective category. In order to deconstruct the penis-narcissism and the penis-cartel, it is necessary to demonstrate that the penis is not a self-sufficient body, nor a closed and impermeable body, but that it is a porous body where the organ serves both ejaculation and urinary ejection. The penis is a porous body that is at once the site of sublimity and degradation, purity and impurity. In addition, the penis is no longer an all-powerful and aggressive organ, but it is a malleable and fluid flesh that constantly changes its shape. Linked to a phallus-organ that is the notion of Jacques-Alain Miller, it is a site of deficiency and vulnerability that is not the axis of the penis-cartel. It is through the notion of the double porosity of the penis and the phenomenology of the flesh of the penis, I try to provide the modality of undoing the reproductive mechanism of predatory masculinity. Because this would be an effective strategy to overcome misogyny.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.78-80
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• 2020

A sphingid species, Macroglossum corythus Walker, 1856 is newly recorded from Korea. Macroglossum corythus can be characterized by grayish or dark greenish fore- and hindwings, blackish basal, ante- and postmedial lines with a blackish discal dot on the forewing and transverse antemedial line, as well as a strongly dentate postmedial line and a thick, dark brownish tinged subterminal line on the hindwing. The male genitalia of Macroglossum corythus can be characterized by the long saccular process of valva and the phallus with one hooked distal process and the large penshaped cornutus and a notched ridge. The female genitalia of Macroglossum corythus can be characterized by the long tubular ductus bursae and the long ovate corpus bursae with multiple stripes and a long triangular patch of minute signa. To date, six species of the genus Macroglossum have been identified in Korea.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.489-491
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• 2020

An yponomeutid genus Eumonopyta Moriuti, 1977 is recorded for the first time from Korea, based on the species Eumonopyta unicornis Moriuti, 1977. Eumonopyta is distinguished from Yponomeuta by the lack of the areole in the forewing, the presence of the hindwing veins, Sc and R₁ completely fused, the lack of the spinules on the gnathal processes, and the presence of three spiniform cornuti in the phallus. Eumonopyta unicornis is characterized by the presence of greenish irrotation on the forewings. The Korean records of E. unicornis are based on two male specimens from the islands, Geojedo (Gyeongsangnam-do) and Jejudo (Jeju-do) and one female specimen from the island Dolsando (Jeollanam-do). External appearance and genitalia of E. unicornis are redescribed and illustrated. The occurrence status of E. unicornis in Korea is briefly discussed. With our records from Korea, the distributional range of E. unicornis is expanded from Japan and Taiwan.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.322-329
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• 2021

A depressariid moth, Agonopterix issikii Clarke, 1962, feeing on Orixa japonica was newly recorded from Korea. Agonopterix issikii can be characterized by the brownish forewing mottled dark brown and black scales that show a dentate line at the base and three minute blackish dots in triangular at the median, and the basally pale gray hindwing. Agonopterix issikii is similar to A. ocellana Fabricius in external appearance but can be distinguished by the presence of brownish forewing with three blackish triangular dots at the median. The male genitalia of Agonopterix issikii can be characterized by the elliptic gnathos, the triangular socius, the rectangular valva with rather straight cuiller, and the stout phallus with a short basal process and the absence of cornutus. The female genitalia can be characterized by the funnel-shaped ostium bursae, the long ducuts bursae, and the ovate corpus bursae with a rounded patch of signa. To date, 12 species of the genus Agonopterix have been recorded in Korea.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.38
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• pp.1-28
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• 2015

The work appeared a featured female character in the Disney animation film begins with 'Snow White' released in 1937. After then, the 11 female characters appeared included 'Tangled' in 2010. Female characters reveal their identity due to obedient, family-oriented and marriage with prince and then gradually develop to heroine who leads to man, and is independent, pioneering, and sometimes saves the nation. Nevertheless, the ending of the Disney animation was still not escape the institutional, traditional discourse. Female characters are followed to meet the featured actor kissing and marriage, or was to show the virtues of sacrifice for the actor. However, Elsa in 'Frozen' is the character with an independent identity compared with the patriarchy, male chauvinism and heterosexual dichotomous discourse given so far in Disney. In this study, it is to explain the change of gender identity in the character of Elsa through Queer theory that deconstructs the distinction between sex and gender, and is constituted by the actions typed and performed the gender concept, and is dismantling the dichotomy itself such as male/female, heterosexual/homosexual. The performative of Queer make the boundaries between lesbian-gay, sexuality and heterosexual ambiguous. It can be said that the performative has political nature resisted to the dominant discourse through these parodiable strategy. The performative showed of Elsa is in the boundaries between the sisterhood and the heterosexual. When analyzed in a heterosexual perspective Elsa's identity is to be understood as simply just love the intimacy of a sister and a sister. On the other hand, if you focused on the relationship between women and the relationship between Elsa and Anna is recognized as the point of view of homosexuality. Because if you look at the concept of lesbian continuum, the homosexual love in the female characters of Disney seems like a bond between women, easier than heterosexual love can be hidden sexual desires. Elsa has developed into a performative identity through the expression of performative and the inhibitory of queer identity. And then the her sorcery that was initially contraindicated and the presence of a fear became to the 'lesbian phallus'. The sorcery that can be seen the signifying phallus against to the privileges of heterosexual patriarchy is recognized in the world of Arendal. Elsa is a new women featuring Disney characters. as this character is analysised by Queer theory, this study seeks to expand the area of the various character analysis methods.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.95-98
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• 2010

One interesting parasitic forming fungus, being grown on the eggs of Phallus impudicus was collected from Mulchajoreum and on woods of Saryeoni in Jeju island. This taxon identified as a Podostroma solmsii (E. Fisch.) S. Imai f. octospora Yoshim. Doi (Hyporeaceae) based on morphological characteristics. According to the interpretation of Doi(1978), this taxon hsving the stipitate, genus Podostroma, family Hypocreaceae, Hypocreales, Ascomycota was identified as Podostroma solmsi f. octospora and its korean common name designated by authors. This species is characterized in having the fusiforme to ellipsoidal, unicellular and warted ascospores without septate and with blunt apiculus at each end and mycoparasitic habitat. Although there is some mycologists suggest that this taxon having above characters needs to be derived from Hypomyces. But authors are primarily going to record this species as a named "Podostroma solmsii (E. Fisch.) S. Imai f. octospora Yoshim. Doi" for the fungus flora of Korea. In a future, it is need in detail to compare their DNA sequencing data on the type species and some related species. All collections cited here are deposited in the Herbarium Conservation Center of National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.129
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• pp.53-82
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• 2014

This paper analyzes the concept of Lacanian subject and the structural definition of sexual difference between man and woman, and criticizes some problems of those definitions. It seems to me, to do so, that it is important to know precisely the core terms of psychoanalysis quoted by Lacan. We should analyze the basic meanings and the relation of the Imaginary, Symbolic and the Real, of ideal ego and ego ideal, of phallus and signifier, of desire and the other, of consciousness and unconsciousness, of alienation and separation, etc. I'm going to discuss the relation between the Imaginary and the ideal ego in chapter 2, and then, deal with the relation between the Symbolic and the ego ideal in chapter 3. I'll explain both similarity and difference between the ideal ego and ego ideal through those discussions. In chapter 4, I'm planning to explain the relation among the other, desire and the subject of unconsciousness. In chapter 5, I'll analyze the meaning of phallus and signifier. I'll criticize the Lacanian structural definition of sexual difference on the basis of the work made in former chapters. These discussions will lead to my final conclusion that the concept of Lacanian subject and the structural definition of sexual difference are only dependent on reductionism regarding everything as symbolic, which has in itself a lot of contradiction. In order that All discussions about sexual difference have at least a objective meaning, they have to rely on anatomical differences between man and woman.