• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.47-54
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• 1986

The immunopotentiating effect of ethanol extract, butanol fraction and petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng on the immunotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene were investigated in mice. A single administration of benzo(a)pyrene induced an apparent but relatively transient reduction in HY titer, Arthus reaction, delayed type hypersensitivity, rosette forming cell and natural killer cell activity Ethanol extract very significantly restored HY titer, Arthus reaction. RFC and natural killer cell activity. Butanol fraction have no effect. But petroleum ether extract very significantly restored humoral and cellular immune response and especially natural killer cell activity.

• 약학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.355-360
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• 1987

The immunopotenciating effects of ethanol extract, butanol fraction and petroleum ether extract of Korean Ginseng on the immunotoxicity of mitomycin C were investigated in mice. A single administration of mitomycin C induced an apparent but relatively transient reduction of spleen weight, hemagglutination titer, Arthus reaction, RFC and natural killer cell activity. Ethanol extract of Ginseng significantly restored spleen weight, HA titer, RFC and natural killer cell activity. Butanol fraction of Ginseng significantly restored HA titer, RFC and natural killer cell activity. Petroleum ether extract of Ginseng very significantly restored spleen weight, Arthus reaction, DTH, RFC and natural killer cell activity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제3권3_4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1988

Experiment was performed to investigate the immunotoxicity of cadmium administered orally and the effect of ginseng petroleum ether fraction on it. Mice were given 3, 30, or 300 ppm cadmium as cadmium chloride orally in the drinking water and injection of ginseng petroleum ether fraction intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. Mice were sensitized and challenged u'ith sheep red blood cells (5-HBC). Immune response was evaluated by delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), Rosette forming cell (RFC), phagocyte activity, and natural killer cell activity (NK cell activity). In the present study, cadmium suppressed the cellular immunity, It also depressed phagocyte activity very significantly in all cadmium-administered groups, NK cell activity in the cadmium-300 ppm administered group. Ginseng petroleum ether fraction showed restoring effect on the decrease in RFC by cadmium-administration. Remarkably, it showed very significant restoring effect on the depression of phagocyte activity induced by cadmium-administration. From this result, we suppose that the anti-tumor effect of ginseng ether or petroleum ether extract, which has been reported by some other researchers, is mainly due to the increase of phagocyte activity by it's administration.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.315-320
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• 1997

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer has been extensively used in the traditional oriental medicine as a restorative, tonic and prophylatic agent. This study was devised to develop a chemopreventive agent from panax ginseng to be able to suppress the genotoxicity and oxidative damage by ractive oxygen species, which are involved with cancer or aging. Ginseng petroleum ether extract (GPE) and one of its fraction, P2, showed an antioxidative effect on the lipid peroxidiphenyl-2-picryl hydrazil (DppH) radical generation. They also showed the suppressive effect of H2O2 or KO2 induced DNA damage by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). Results from our study indicate that GPE and P2 are capable of protecting lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA damage. Therefore, GPE and P2 may be useful chempreventive agents which are involved with cancer and aging.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.334-340
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• 1992

Ethanol, total saponin and petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer were tested for their anticlastogenic effects against induction of micronuclei by cyclophosphamide and benzo(a)pyrene in mice. Ginseng petroleum ether extract (GPEE) showed the highest suppressive effect among three extracts. GPEE was also tested to compare their anticlastogenic effect against several well-known carcinogens: such as mitomycin C, 7, 12-dimethyl benzo(a)anthracene, ethyl methane sulfonate, dimethylnitrosamine and busulfan. GPEE showed the anticlastogenic effect against most of carcinogens, although there were no significant effects against 7, 12-dimethyl benzo(a) anthracene, dimethyl nitrosoamine and busulfan-induced micronuclei.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2005

Earlier we have reported the antidiabetic activity of fresh juice of rhizomes of Zingiber officinale (Z. officinale) and its correlation with 5-HT receptor antagonism. Since 6-gingerol the marker compound of Z. officinale is reported to posses 5-HT anatgonistic activity, the present investigation, was undertaken to find out the concentration of 6-gingerol present in methanolic extract of Z. officinale and its different fractions (petroleum ether, toluene and chloroform). We also evaluated these fractions for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neonatal type 2 diabetic rats. Fasting glucose and insulin levels in non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) rats were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher than control rats and these were significantly decreased by treatment with methanolic extract of Z. officinale and its fractions. The results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that methanolic extract and its fractions significantly (P < 0.05) decreased both STZ-induced increase in $AUC_{glucose}$ and $AUC_{insulin}$ values in NIDDM groups. Treatment with petroleum ether fraction produced a greater reduction in elevated glucose and $AUC_{glucose}$ levels as compared to treatment with other fractions. Treatment with methanolic extract of Z. officinale and its fractions also produced significant reduction in the elevated lipid, serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) levels in NIDDM rats. The effect of petroleum ether fraction on elevated lipid, SGOT and SGPT levels was significantly greater as compared to treatment with other fractions. The concentration of 6-gingerol was found to be maximum in petroleum ether fraction (11.430%) and minimum in chloroform fraction (0.973%). The methanolic extract and toluene fraction was found to contain 3.080% and 2.191 %, 6-gingerol respectively. In conclusion, our data suggest that methonolic extract and its fractions possess significant antidiabetic activity in NIDDM rats. The extent of activity appears to be dependent on the concentration of 6-gingerol present in the extract or its fractions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.799-808
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• 1998

To investigate the antitumor activity of mugwort (Artemisia princeps Pampan), petroleum ether extract of mugwork was partially purified by a silica gel chromatography. Among several fractions, the fraction which was obtained under the elution with acetone, showed potent cytotoxicity against mouse leukemia cell line(Ll210), human colon cancer cell line (HCT-48) and human hepatoma cell line (Hep G2) , but was less effective with normal cell line(mouse embryo cell). Acetone fraction appeared to be glycolipid by Benedict test and the major fatty acids of the lipid were C16 ; 0 , C 18: 3by GC/MS analysis.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 식중독 유발세균에 대한 항균활성이 우수한 천연 항균성 물질을 검색하기 위해 예로부터 민간과 한방에서 널리 이용되어 온 선학초를 각종 유기용매로 추출하여 식중독 유발세균에 대한 항균활성을 조사해 보았다. 선학초를 methanol로 추출한 후, Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate를 이용하여 실온에서 각각 용매별로 계통 분획하고, 수용성추출물을 얻은 후, 9종의 식중독 유발세균 (Staphylococcus Aureus, Bacillus Cereus, Salmonella Enteritidis, Shigella Flexneri, Escherichia Coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Shigella Dysenteriae, Pseudomonas Aruginosa, Shigella Sonnei)에 대하여 항균효과를 조사하였다. 선학초 추출물의 농도별 항균 활성 검색에서는 선학초의 petroleum ehter 추출물이 가장 큰 항균 효과를 보였으며 Pseudomonas Aruginosa가 가장 민감하게 반응하는 균주였다. 선학초의 petroleum ehter 추출물과 자소엽의 methanol 추출물을 혼합하여 항균력을 측정해 본 결과 두 추출물을 섞어 첨가했을 경우가 단독으로 사용했을 때 보다 상승효과를 나타내었다. 또한 선학초의 petroleum ehter 추출물이 식중독 유발세균의 성장에 미치는 효과를 검정하기 위해 Bacillus Cereus와 Salmonella Enteritidis 배양액에 선학초의 petroleum ehter 추출물을 각각 4,000 ppm 농도로 첨가했을 때, Bacillus Cereus의 생육이 24시간 이상까지 억제됨을 관찰할 수 있었고, Salmonella Enteritidis 의 생육도 36시간까지 지연시킬 수 있었다. 이상의 결과 선학초의 petroleum ehter 추출물은 Bacillus Cereus와 Salmonella Enteritidis의 성장을 억제하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과 선학초의 petroleum ether 추출물은 각종 식중독 유발세균의 성장을 억제하는 천연 식품보존제 개발의 신소재로 활용될 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 1992

This study was divised to observe the inhibitory effect of growth rate of human colon cancer cells by Eucommial leaf extract, in vitro. Three species of human colon cancer cells, HRT-18, HCT-48 and HT-29, were used for the experiment. Each extract of Eucommial leaf was prepared by extraction with water, 95% alcohol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether, and then the inhibitory effect of each extract on the growth rate of cells was compared with control group and each other. The experimental results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Inhibitory effects on growth rate of human colon cancer fells were strongest in the petroleum ether extract and next in the chloroform extract. 2. Inhibitory effects on the growth rate of the cancer cells by extracts of water, 95% alcohol and acetone were weaker than that of petroleum ether and chloroform. 3. Inhibitory effect of each extract on the cancer cell growth was shown most strong activity in HT-29, and was in order of HRT 18 and HCT-48. In view of the results, it could be suggested that inhibitory effects of non-polar solvent's extracts against the cancer cell growth were more stronger than that of polar solvents and the effects were indicated difference according to the species of the cells.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.79-89
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• 1988

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 리기다소나무(Pinus rigida Mill)를 petroleum ether로 추출(抽出)한 추출액(抽出被)과 흑액(黑液)으로부터 얻은 tall oil과의 조성(組成)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)하기 위하여 실시(實施)하였다. 생재(生材)의 유기용매(有機溶媒) 추출액(抽出液)과 tall oil 을 DEAE-Sephadex 칼럼과 aluminum oxide 칼럼을 사용하여 수지산(樹脂酸)과 지방산(脂肪酸)으로 분리(分離)한 후 이를 개스크로마토 그래프로 분석(分析)하였다. 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서 얻는 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 생재(生材)의 유기용매(有機溶媒) 추출액(抽出液힘)과 tail oil은 주로 수지산(樹脂酸)으로 구성(構成)되어 있고 특히 abietic-type acide의 함량(含量)이 매우 높게 나타났으며, tall oil의 조성(組成)은 생재(生材)의 유기용매(有機溶媒) 추출물(抽出物)에 비(比)해 지방산(脂肪酸)의 함량(含量)이 증가(增加)한 반면 수지산(樹脂酸)은 감소(減少)하였고, 증해시(蒸解時) 고온(高溫)과 증해약품(蒸解藥品)에 의하여 불포화(不飽和) 지방산(脂肪酸)의 이중결합(二重結合) 위치(位置)의 변화(變化) 및 이성질화(異性質化)에 의하여 미확인(未確認) 물질(物質)의 양(量)이 증가(增加)하였다.