• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.128-134
• /
• 2001

Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, also called comet assay, is a rapid and sensitive method to detect DNA damage in single cell level. To evaluate the DNA damage of lymphocytes of pesticides sprayers, SCGE assay was carried out for 50 pesticides sprayer and 58 control subjects. They were interviewed with structured questionnaire to get the information about the kinds and amount of pesticide. Insecticides and fungicides were predominant among pesticides. Major components of pesticides were organophosphorus, organosulfate, cartap, carbamates, and triazole. Sprayed pesticides were classified into two groups. Group I included organophosphorus, organoarsenic, organotin, tetrazine, triazole and gramoxone, which were known to cause DNA damages. Group II pesticide were carbamates, surfactants, organosulfates, etc., which were not found as DNA damaging agents in scientific documents. Olive tail moments of 100 lymphocytes were measured by KOMET 3.1 program for each person. The means of tail moments were compared between farmers exposed to pesticides and control subjects. Farmers showed higher tail moments than control subjects (2.07$\pm$1.40 vs 1.53$\pm$0.77, p<0.05). The means of tail moments also were compared among group I sprayers (n=36), group II sprayers (n=24) and, control subject, and the means or tail moments were 3.4s$\pm$3.2o, 2.66$\pm$2.20 and 1.53$\pm$0.77 respectively. The difference between means of group I sprayers and controls was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study showed higher DNA damage in farmers exposed to pesticides than control subjects, and comet assay could be useful as a biological monitoring method of genotoxic pesticides for farmers.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 1983

This study was carried out to obtain the basic data for the preverition of chronic poisonig by organic phosphate pesticides. 6 sprayers who participated in the summer pest control programs of Jeonju city were chosen as the subjects in this study. Pesticides which were spread in the period of study are DDVP (1.09%), dursban (1.8%) and dibrom (1.9%). And from May 16, 1983 to Aug. 22, 1983, plasma cholinesterase activity, hematological and biochemical parameters were measured with several physical examinations for each sprayers and controls. Major findings are as following; 1. Before pesticides were sprayed, plasma cholinesterase were $7.32{\pm}1.76{\mu}M/20{\mu}l/hr$. in sprayers and $7.13{\pm}1.39{\mu}M/20{\mu}l/hr$. in the control group (p>0.05). 2. At 60th day of spraying, plasma cholinesterase activity of sprayers was $6.78{\pm}2.01{\mu}M/20{\mu}l/hr$. which is significantly decreased from the pre-exposed value (p<0.01), but plasma cholinesterease activity in the control group was not changed. 3. The specific findings which suggested to organophosphorous poisoning were not found through the period of study. 4. Hematological and bichemical parameters were not sigricantly changed in the both groups.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제28권9_10호
• /
• pp.1292-1299
• /
• 2004

This survey was carried out on 256 smallholder farmers of the Jeonbuk Province to analyze their current behavior in pesticide usage and the use of protective clothing during spray work. The interviewees were at the age of about 50's in both males and females: they performed spray work mainly for their own farms. Many of them were not very well aware of the danger of pesticides and the adequate methods of pesticide handling. Water drinking and smoking during break time were the endangering factors of pesticide intoxication, reaching to 30-60% sprayers. Most of sprayers had experienced the exposures to pesticides during spray work and appealed some subjective clinical symptoms to the exposure, but they seldom sought medical treatments. More than 70% of respondents had not been wearing protective equipments during spray work. The results will be used as basic information in designing the improved protective clothing more acceptable by pesticide sprayers.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.350-357
• /
• 2014

유리온실내에서 파프리카에 살포되는 분무기의 종류에 따라 살포되는 농약 부착량과 해충방제정도에 대하여 검토하였다. 또한 해충의 최적방제조건에서 단위면적당 농약함량을 최적화하기 위한 시험이 시도되었다. 파프리카 시설재배지에 두 종류의 분무기로 적절하게 7개구간으로 나누어 3반복 실험을 수행하였다. 농약 살포할 때 발생되는 사각지대를 감수지로 조사하였을 때 무인연무기는 하우스내의 식물에 골고루 부착하지 못하였으며 고압식 U자형분무기 모든 식물에 충분하게 부착되었다. 또한 살포된 농약 잔류조건에서 모든 부분에 최저잔류농도허용치를 초과하지 않았다. 살포조건에 따른 해충방제에서 담배가루이와 목화진딧물은 미세한 물방울 형태로 분무되는 무인연무기 Pyrifluquinazon 10% 입상수화제를 살포하였을 때 감수지가 청색으로 변한 부분은 각각 82.5%와 81.2%이며, 중간부분은 각각 53.0%와 42.6%의 방제효과가 나타났다. 그러나 농약이 부착되지 않은 아래 부분은 해충발생이 방제전보다 더 증가하였다. 한편 농가에서 하나의 약제를 수년 동안 반복하여 사용한 경우에는 약액이 충분하게 부착되었어도 매우 저조한 방제효과로 저항성 경향이 나타났다. 단위면적당 최적 살포량을 위한 실험에서는 9그루 파프리카 잎에서 약액이 흘러내릴 정도로 충분하게 살포하였을 때는 5 l에서 81.8% 그리고 1/2물량인 2.5 l에서는 84.5%로 매우 유사한 방제효과로 나타났다.