• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2004

Oral supplementation with potassium permanganate (30, 50 and 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$) to fifth instar larvae of the ${CSR_2}{\times}{CSR_4}$ race of the silkworm, B. mori resulted in a significant increase in the glycogen content of the fat body and haemolymph trehalose. The protein content of the fat body is also significantly increased in all the potassium permanganate treated groups where as that of the haemolymph is significantly increased only in the 30 ${\mu}g4 fed group. The total lipids content of the fat body increased significantly in all the potassium permanganate treated groups. This indicates that the potassium permanganate may stimulate metabolic activity, there by influencing the biochemical contents in the fat body and haemolymph of the silkworm, B. mori.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.251-262
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• 2016

The biodegradability and decomposition efficiencies increase with the pre-treatment of sludge in a digestion process. In this study, the feasibility of ultrasound coupled with potassium permanganate oxidation as a disintegration method and digestibility of aerobic reactor fed with disintegrated sludge with ultrasound coupled potassium permanganate were investigated. The first stage of the study focused on determining the optimum condition for ultrasonic pre-treatment for achieving better destruction efficiency of sludge. The second part of the study, the aerobic digestibility of sludge disintegrated with ultrasound and potassium permanganate oxidation alone and combined were examined comparatively. The results showed that when 20 min of ultrasonic pre-treatment applied, the specific energy output was 49384 kJ/kgTS with disintegration degree of 58.84%. During the operation of aerobic digester, VS/TS ratios of digesters fed with disintegrated sludge decreased indicating that disintegration methods could obviously enhance aerobic digestion performance. The highest reduction in volatile solids was 75% in the digester fed with ultrasound+potassium permanganate disintegrated sludge at the end of the operation compared to digester fed with raw sludge. Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) levels in sludge supernatant increased with this combined method significantly. Besides, it promoted the production of ${\bullet}OH$, thus enhancing the release of Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) from the sludge. Disintegration with all methods used in this study could not improve Capillary Suction Time (CST) reduction in disintegrated digesters during the operation. The results demonstrated that the combined ultrasound treatment and potassium permanganate oxidation method improves the biodegradability compared to control reactor or their single application.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2001

Stricter environmental demands have increased the need to replace conventional C/D bleaching sequence by chlorine-free sequence. Permanganate is well known as a powerful oxidant and have been used industrially in variable fields. However, it has considered to be difficult to use permanganate as a bleaching reagent because of its strong oxidative effect decreasing the viscosity of pulps extremely. We have tried to use permanganate as a bleaching reagent for KP under the mild condition and it was clear that pernanganate oxidized lignin remained in pulps selectively and increased pulp brightness decreasing K number of pulps with small degradation of cellulose. We have employed the neutral condition in the permanganate bleaching process in this study. In this case, permanganate was converted to manganese dioxide after bleaching reaction. The manganese dioxide is remained in the treated pulp fibers because of its insolublity in water. So it was required to reduction the manganese oxide to manganese ion by using reductants with acid. In this paper, we proposed to use oxalic acid as a reducing reagent converting manganese oxide to manganese ion after bleaching reaction. Oxalic acid plays the role as a reductant and a acid, so post-treatment after bleaching became to be easy by using oxalic acid. On the study using lignin model compounds, it was clear that permaganate react with phenols firstly, after that oxalic acid reduce the manganese oxide to manganese ion in the mixture of permanganate, phenols and oxalic acid. Several lignin model compounds ($\textit{p}$-hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, syringaldehyde, veratraldehyde) are selected to elucidate the effect of substituents on reaction rate and its mechanism with permanganate including oxalic acid in this study. Except for veratraldehyde, the rate of oxidative degradation of phenolic compounds by permanganate with oxalic acid are higher than neutral condition. Especially, the degradation rate of $\textit{p}$-hydroxybenzaldehyde are strongly dependent on pH of reaction mixture. On the other hand, the degradation rate of veratraldehyde are decreased with decreasing pH and main degradation product is veratric acid. This result indicate that pH of bleaching liquor should be kept over 2 to degrade of non-phenolic lignin in the pulps effectively in permanganate bleaching.

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 2007년도 춘계 지질과학기술 공동학술대회
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• pp.342-342
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• 2007

See Full Text

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1986

금속 과망간산염 즉 과망간산칼륨, 과망간산나트륨, 과망간산은, 과망간산바륨, 과망간산암모늄에서 망간의 중성자 포획으로 야기되는 화학적 효과를 고찰하였다. 생성된 방사성 망간의 분포는 각종 흡착제 및 이온교환체 즉 이산화망간, 알루미나, 제올라이트 A-3, 카올리나이트, 도엑스 -50을 사용하여 결정하였다. 각종 흡착제 및 이온교환체에 대한 방사성 망간의 분포는 각 과망간산염에 대하여 거의 유사한 결과를 갖는다. 방사성 망간의 친화력은 도엑스 -50이 가장 크다. 잔류율의 현저한 증가가 열-어니일링을 통하여 나타나며 잔류율은 각 과망간산염의 금속이온의 제 1차 이온화 전위에 의존한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.53-56
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• 2005

A Laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the kinetics of oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in groundwater by potassium permanganate $(KMnO_4)$, Consumption of permanganate by TCE and aquifer materials was also evaluated to obtain an appropriate injection rate of $KMnO_4$. TCE degradation by $KMnO_4$ in the absence of aquifer material showed effective with pseudo-first order rate constant, $k_{obs}=1.8110^{-3}\;s^{-1}\;at\;KMnO_4=500mg/L$. TCE oxidation by $KMnO_4$ was found to be second order reaction and the rate constant, $k=0.65{\pm}0.08\;M^{-1}s^{-1}$, was independent of pH changes. $KMnO_4$ consumption rate by groundwater sampled from field site was not significant, indicating that groundwater containing negligible amount of dissolved organic matter does not have any influence on the $KMnO_4$ degradation. Meanwhile, aquifer materials from field site were actively reacted with permanganate, resulting in the significant consumption of $KMnO_4$. It might be attributed to the existence of metal oxides in aquifer materials, Based on the rate constants obtained from this study, appropriate injection rate of permanganate and TCE removal rate in groundwater could be estimated.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.709-716
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• 2009

일정한 이온 세기의 알칼리 용액에서 과망간산에 의한 프포독심 프록세틸(Cefpodoxime Proxetil) 의 산화의 속도론적 경로가 분광광도법적으로 연구되었다. 그 반응은 과망간산 이온 농도에서 일차 속도론적으로 나타났으며, 프포독심 산과 알칼리 농도에서 단일 이하의 차수를 나타내었다. 용매의 이온 세기가 증가함에 따라 속도도 증가하였다. 산화 반응은 프포독심 산과 함께 복합체를 형성하는 알칼리-과망간산 종들을 통하여 진행된다. 반응물을 만들기 위해서 프포독심 산의 자유 라디칼과 과망간산의 다른 분자 사이의 빠른 반응에 이어서 다음 분해가 천천히 진행된다. 다양한 온도에서 반응의 조사는 제안하는 메커니즘의 느린 단계를 고려한 활성화 변수들의 결정할 수 있게 하고 일차 속도론을 따른다. 제안하는 메커니즘과 유도된 속도 법칙들은 관찰된 속도들과 일치하였다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2011

A uniform chromium-free conversion coating treated with an alkaline phosphate- permanganate solution was formed on the AZ 31 magnesium alloy. The effect of acid pickling on the morphology and on the corrosion resistance of the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion coating was investigated. The chemical composition and phase structure of conversion coating layer were determined via optical microscopy, SEM, EDS, XPS and XRD. Results show that the conversion coatings are relatively uniform and continuous, with thickness 1.8 to $2.4\;{\mu}m$. The alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion coating was mainly composed of elements Mg, O, P, Al and Mn. The conversion-coated layers were stable compounds of magnesium oxide and spinel ($MgAl_2O_4$). These compounds were excellent inhibitors to corrosion. The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of coatings in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solutions were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization technique. EIS results showed a polarization resistance of $0.1\;k{\Omega}$ for the untreated Mg and $16\;k{\Omega}$ for the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion treatment sample, giving an improvement of about 160 times. The results of the electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the corrosion resistance of the AZ 31 magnesium alloy was improved by the alkaline phosphate-permanganate conversion treatment.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.167-170
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• 1995

염소이온의 유무 및 양에 상관없이 적용할수 있는 알칼리성 과망간산 산화제에 의한 화학적 산소요구량을 신속하게 정량하는 실험절차를 개발하였다. 끓는 물에서 닫힌 환류 90초 동안이면 충분하였다. 시료량 5mL, 최종 부피 10mL일 때 NaOH는 1%, $KMnO_4$ 농도는 0.6mM이 최적 용액 조건이었다. 한 차례의 실험(시료 5~6개)에 걸리는 시간은 5분 이내였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.397-401
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 지하수내의 TCE 오염물질을 과망간산을 이용하여 산화분해할 경우의 반응율에 대하여 평가하였다. 또한 최적의 산화제 주입량 결정을 위하여 TCE뿐만 아니라 지하수 대수층 물질에 의한 과망간산의 소모율에 대한 실험을 수행하였다. 대수층 물질이 없는 경우에 과망간산에 의한 TCE의 분해는 효과적으로 이루어졌으며 500 mg/L의 과망간산 농도에서 $k_{obs}=5.24{\times}10^{-3}s^{-1}$의 유사 1차반응계수를 얻었다. TCE와 과망간산에 대하여 각각 1차반응, 전체적으로는 2차반응을 나타내었다. 이때의 반응계수는 $k=0.65{\pm}0.08M^{-1}s^{-1}$였다. 반면 대수층 물질 자체는 산화제인 과망간산과 활발한 반응을 하여 상당한 소모효과를 나타내었으며 이는 대수층 물질내에 존재하는 금속산화물에 의한 것이라 판단된다.