• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.521-528
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• 2008

Purpose: Tunneling is a periodontal surgical procedure that creates access for patient cleansing and maintenance within the furcal area of a molar tooth with severe furcation involvement. Up to date, there are few studies about a long term clinical and radiographic stability of tunneling. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the long term prognosis after tunnel preparation of molars with through and through furcation. Material and Methods: 25 teeth of 23 patients aged 36 to 70 (mean age 51.7) were treated surgically with tunnel preparation. These cases were followed for 2 to 13 years (mean 6.5years) after surgery. Patients were recalled for an evaluation which was based on a questionnaire, a clinical examination, and radiographic analysis. Clinical assessment included plaque index, caries registration, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, tooth mobility. Baseline and over 2-year follow-up radiographs were collected and evaluated for this study. Result: 3 teeth(12%) had been extracted and 1 tooth(4%) hemisected. Root caries was detected in 3 teeth(12%). Thus 72% of the teeth were still caries tree and in function. Clinical parameters including PI, PD, BOP, mobility showed somewhat favourable results. Radiographic furcal bone loss showed no statistically significant difference compared to interproximal crestal bone loss ($3.59{\pm}1.69%$ vs $3.42{\pm}2.95%$) when root length was used as reference. There was no correlation between root trunk length and furcal bone loss. Conclusion: Over 2 years after tunneling procedure, teeth showed a clinically and radiographically stable condition, despite of slight root caries and alveolar bone loss within clinically acceptable range. The tunnel procedure may be considered as a viable periodontal treatment option for molar teeth with severe furcation involvement in individuals following a regular maintenance program.

• Oral Biology Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.228-234
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the condition of supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) in implant patients and the effect of SPT on implant long-term survival. Implants placed at the Dept. of Periodontology, Chonnam National University Dental Hospital over a 5-year period, were traced for up to 8 years. Patients who had visited the hospital at least once a year were defined as regular SPT, and patients who were treated by active periodontal therapy were defined as patients with periodontitis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed based on the observation periods, and the effect of SPT and history of periodontitis on implant survival assessed by chisquare test. A total of 183 patients (age: 21-91, 98 males and 85 females), and 508 implants were used for this study. Three hundred eight implants were under SPT and 87 implants was under regular SPT. For the patients with periodontitis 136 implants were placed. The 5-year survival rate was 94.8%. The overall survival rate in patients who received SPT was 97.1% and 91.0% for those who did not (p=0.004). The survival rate in patients who received regular SPT was 97.7%, and 96.8% for patients received irregular SPT. The survival rate was 93.4% in patients with periodontitis and 95.2% in patients without periodontitis. Among patients with periodontitis, the survival rate was 100.0% in patients who received regular SPT and 89.2% for irregular SPT (p=0.012). These results suggest that regular SPT improves implant survival rate and is more effective in patients with periodontitis.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2023

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with dysbiosis of the oral microbiota. The aim of the present clinical study was to explore the adjunctive effect of ozonized water irrigation in the circuits of ultrasonic scalers for the full-mouth decontamination of patients with periodontitis Stage I or II. Methods: The study was a randomized, single-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial. The test group (n=25) was treated with ultrasonic scalers irrigated with ozonized water, whereas the control group (n=25) received normal tap water irrigation within the ultrasonic scalers used during the professional mechanical debridement. Full mouth plaque score, bleeding score, probing pocket depth, and the gingival index were evaluated at baseline, two, and 4 weeks after treatment. The pain perceived and dental anxiety were also assessed after treatment by means of the visual analog scale (VAS). Results: All periodontal parameters resulted in significant improvement for both study groups. The effect of the treatment group on the gingival index was significant, in particular, patients in the test group experienced a greater reduction in this score. No significant differences could be observed with regards to the average probing depth, full mouth plaque index and bleeding score. Patients treated with ozonized water running in the circuits of ultrasonic scalers displayed also lower scores for pain and dental anxiety. Conclusion: The present study showed a significant clinical effect on gingival inflammation attributable to adjunctive ozone irrigation during nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Further studies, including patients with severe periodontitis and greater sample sizes, are recommended to test the clinical effect of ozonized water in the circuits of ultrasonic scalers.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.743-750
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• 1997

Gingivitis is the most prevalent type of periodontal disease and the dental plaque is considered as a major contributory factor. As the poor oral hygiene is firmly related to the occurrence of periodontal disease, pediatric dentist should make every effort to promote the oral health and control the plaque effectively for the high risk patients, especially for those who are under orthodontic treatment. P.M.T.C.(Professional Mechanical Tooth Cleaning), introduced by Dr. P. Axelsson in 1969, is a very effective method of plaque removal and can be performed by specially trained personnel. Two pediatric orthodontic patients were treated by P.M.T.C. for the elimination of gingivitis and gingival swelling. Signi ficant improvements of gingival condition were achieved in both cases but additional preventive programs and home care along with professional office care seem to be necessary for the best result.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.80-86
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• 2016

A few authors have reported good clinical results using double crown removable partial denture (RPD) with a few remaining teeth. Hybrid telescopic double crown is a good indication for a patient with poor periodontal condition and/or few remaining teeth after extraction, especially located in cross-arch position. In this case, there was a poor periodontal condition with teeth mobility. Several teeth with poor prognosis were extracted. Remaining anterior teeth was restored with fixed prostheses and edentulism was restored with Kennedy class I removable partial denture in maxilla. In mandible, it was hard to restore with clasp removable partial prostheses because of bilaterally isolated remaining teeth so that hybrid double crown removable partial denture with friction pin was suitable for this case. The objective of this report is to discuss the characteristics and the utility of hybrid double crown prostheses using a few remaining teeth in mandible.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.246-252
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• 2016

Double crown prostheses can be used in patients who have a few remaining teeth and poor periodontal condition because of secondary splinting of abutments, vertical loading, decrease of the length of lever arm due to fulcrum line located on margin of inner and outer crown. Successful results of treatments using double crown prostheses for the partially edentulous patients who have a few remaining teeth and implant overdenture using a small number of implants have been reported. In this case, there were a few remaining teeth with a very poor periodontal condition in maxilla, and there were a failed implant with severe alveolar bone resorption and shrinkage in the mandible. The main objective of this report is to introduce our case because a double crown partial denture showed satisfactory results in functional and esthetical aspects during more than one-year follow-up period.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.45 no.12 s.463
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• pp.753-760
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• 2007

Recently orthodontics in elderly people is continually increasing due to aging of the society arising from decrease of birth rate as well as death rate. As the elderly population grows, needs for oral health care increases, and elderly patients with poor teeth alignment need more attention with orthodontic treatment. Our study analyzes various treatment protocols for different cases of aged orthodontic patients, and following are considerations in orthodontic treatment of elderly patients. 1. Periodontal treatment should be preceded before orthodontic treatment. 2. Periodontal condition should be considered when selecting teeth for extraction 3. In dealing with the residual prosthesis, condition of prosthesis, anchorage availability, and need for size reduction, patient seconomic status should be taken into consideration. 4. Fixed retainers are recommended for retention.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.907-919
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• 2005

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram negative. black-pigmented anaerobe, associated with periodontitis & peri-implantitis. Fimbriae(fimA) of P. gingivalis are filamentous components on the cell surface and important in the colonization and invasion of periodontal tissue. But all P. gnigivalis strains don't have equal pathogenicity, inequality among strains originates from different fimA genotype. P. gnigivalis fimA gene encoding fimbrillin(structural subunit of fimbriae) has been classified into 5 genotypes(types I to V) based on the nucleotide sequences. In the present study, we examined the prevalence of these fimA genotypes in patients with dental implant and the relationship between prevalence of these genotypes and a condition of peri-implant tissue. Dental plaque specimens obtained from 189 peri-implant sulci of 97 patients with dental implants were analyzed by 16S rRNA fimA gene-directed PCR assay. P. gingivalis were detected in 86.2% of the alll samples. Among the P. gingivalis-positive samples, a significant difference in the occurrence of typeII was observed between test and the two control groups. In two control groups, typeII fimA were detected in 6.3%(PD<5mm/BOP-). 18.7%(PD<5mm/BOP+). In the test $group(PD{\geqq}5mm/BOP+)$, type II fimA genotype were detected most frequently in 50.0% . And a correlation between specific fimA types and peri-implantitis was found in $typeII(R^2=l.105)$. These results suggest that P. gingivalis strains that possess typeII fimA are gradually increased, as a condition of peri-implant tissue is getting complicated and are closely associated with peri-implant health status. We speculate that these organisms be involved in peri-implantitis

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.13-26
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• 2003

Periodontal regeneration therapy with bone-substituting materials has gained favorable clinical efficacy by enhancing osseous regeneration in periodontal bony defect. As bone-substituting materials, bone powder, calcium phosphate ceramic, modified forms of hydroxyapatite, and hard tissue replacement polymer have demonstrated their periodontal bony regenerative potency. Bone-substituting materials should fulfill several requirements such as biocompatibility, osteogenecity, malleability, biodegradability. The purpose of this study was to investigate biocompatibility, osteo-conduction capacity and biodegradability of $Na_2O$, $K_2O$ added calcium metaphosphate(CMP). Beta CMP was obtained by thermal treatment of anhydrous $Ca_2(H_2PO_4)_2$. $Na_2O$ and $K_2O$ were added to CMP. The change of weight of pure CMP, $Na_2O$-CMP, and $K_2O$-CMP in Tris-buffer solution and simulated body fluid for 30 days was measured. Twenty four Newzealand white rabbits were used in negative control, positive control(Bio-Oss), pure CMP group, 5% $Na_2$-CMP group, 10% $Na_2O$-CMP goup, and 5% $K_2O$-CMP group. In each group, graft materials were placed in right and left parietal bone defects(diameter 10mm) of rabbit. The animals were sacrificed at 3 months and 6 months after implantation of the graft materials. Degree of biodegradability of $K_2O$ or $Na_2O$ added CMP was greater than that of pure CMP in experimental condition. All experimental sites were healed with no clinical evidence of inflammatory response to all CMP implants. Histologic observations revealed that all CMP grafts were very biocompatible and osseous conductive, and that in $K_2O$-CMP or $Na_2O$-CMP implanted sites, there was biodegradable pattern, and that in site of new bone formation, there was no significant difference between all CMP group and DPBB(Bio-Oss) group. From this result, it was suggested that all experimental CMP group graft materials were able to use as an available bone substitution.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.211-218
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to perform a pattern analysis in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) resulting from unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis. Methods: Thirty participants with signs or symptoms of TMD who engaged in unilateral mastication due to periodontitis-related discomfort (test group) were selected. Another 30 subjects exhibiting signs or symptoms of TMD resulting from unilateral mastication not due to chronic periodontitis (control group) were also recruited. An interview-based questionnaire was administered, and an examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with determination of periodontal status was performed. Results: The duration of unilateral mastication was significantly longer in the control group than in the test group. There was a significant negative correlation between the duration of unilateral mastication and the Community Periodontal Index score. Using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) axis I algorithms, all the subjects were assigned to 3 main groups. The test group exhibited significantly a higher diagnostic distribution of group III (arthralgia, osteoarthritis, or osteoarthrosis), and in both the test and control groups, the number of diagnoses was larger for the non-chewing side. The control group showed a significantly higher diagnostic distribution of group I (myofacial pain), and in both the test and control groups, the number of diagnoses was larger for the chewing side. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis could induce not only pain but also structural TMJ changes if adequate treatment is not administered and supported within a short time from the onset of the condition. Therefore, immediate treatment of chronic periodontitis is recommended to prevent not only the primary progress of periodontal disease, but also secondary TMJ-related problems. Furthermore, subjects who have suffered chronic long-term periodontitis without treatment should be urged to undergo a TMJ examination.