• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 2014

In this study, along with the expansion of the national R&D projects, by analyzing the case of K research center of Land and Transport R&D projects, and was evaluated in the value of technology. The evaluation of the value of technology, were analyzed using the SMART3 targeting patents K research center indicate best technical aspects have registered. Analysis technical value of research center K, was found to have maintained the same level as the average of about of Land and Transport R&D projects. The significance of this study is that it was approached by more concrete approach of valuation of technology principle of national R&D projects. We expect that the study of evaluation method and diverse objective to achieve the intended purpose of the national R&D projects are carried out more.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.558-565
• /
• 2012

The objective of this study was to develop a predictive growth model for Bacillus cereus in nutrient broth and validate the developed growth model in blanched vegetables. After inoculating B. cereus into nutrient broth, growth of B. cereus was investigated at 13, 17, 24, 30 and $35^{\circ}C$. Lag time (LT) decreased while specific growth rate (SGR) increased with an increase in storage temperature. Growth of B. cereus was not observed at temperatures lower than $12^{\circ}C$. Secondary growth models were developed to describe primary model parameters, including LT and SGR. Model performance was evaluated based on bias factor ($B_f$) and accuracy factor ($A_f$). In addition, we inoculated B. cereus into blanched vegetables stored at 13, 24, $35^{\circ}C$ and observed the growth kinetics of B. cereus in five different blanched vegetables. Growth of B. cereus was most delayed on Doraji at $13^{\circ}C$ and was not observed on Gosari at $13^{\circ}C$. Growth of B. cereus at $35^{\circ}C$ was significantly (p<0.05) slower on Gosari than on other blanched vegetables. The developed secondary LT model for broth in this study was suitable to predict growth of B. cereus on Doraji and Gosari, whereas the SGR model was only suitable for predicting the growth of B. cereus on mung bean sprout.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 1999

H.263 is an international standard of ITU-T that can makes the service such as video phone, video conference in the transmission line less than 64Kbps. This recommendation draft has used motion estimation/compensation, transform coding and quantizing methods. TMN5 used for the performance estimation of H.263 has fundamentally used DCT in transform coding method and presented quantizer for quantizing the DCT transform coefficient. This paper is presenting adaptive quantizer effectively able to quantize DCT coefficient considering the human visual sensitivity while the structure of TMN5 is maintaining. As quantizer that proposed DCT-based H.263 could make transmit more frame than TMN5 in a same transfer speed, it could lower the frame drop effect. And the luminance signal appeared the difference of -0.3 ～ +0.7dB in the average PSNR for the estimation of objective image quality and the chrominance signal appeared the improvement in about 1.5dB in comparision with TMN5. As a result it can attain the better image quality compared to TMN5 in the estimation of subjective image quality.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.506-517
• /
• 2010

Objective : We investigated whether Disability Evaluation (DE) situations influence patients' neuropsychological test performances and psychopathological characteristics and which variable play a role to establish an explanation model using statistical analysis. Methods : Patients were 536 (56.6%) brain-injured persons who met inclusion and exclusion criteria, classified into the DE group (DE; n = 300, 56.0%) and the non-DE group (NDE; n = 236, 44.0%) according to the neuropsychological testing's purpose. Next, we classified DE subjects into DE cluster 1 (DEC1; 91, 17.0%), DE cluster 2 (DEC2; 125; 23.3%), and DE cluster 3 (DEC3; 84, 15.7%) via two-step cluster analysis, to specify DE characteristics. All patients completed the K-WAIS, K-MAS, K-BNT, SCL-90-R, and MMPI. Results : In comparisons between DE and NDE, the DE group showed lower intelligence quotients and more severe psychopathologic symptoms, as evaluated by the SCL-90-R and MMPI, than the NDE group did. When comparing the intelligence among the DE groups and NDE group, DEC1 group performed worst on intelligence and memory and had most severe psychopathologic symptoms than the NDE group did. The DEC2 group showed modest performance increase over the DEC1 and DEC3, similar to the NDE group. Paradoxically, the DEC3 group performed better than the NDE group did on all variables. Conclusion : The DE group showed minimal "faking bad" patterns. When we divided the DE group into three groups, the DEC1 group showed typical malingering patterns, the DEC2 group showed passive malingering patterns, and the DEC3 group suggested denial of symptoms and resistance to treatment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 2009

Objective : The authors analyzed the effectiveness and therapeutic response of Novalis shaped beam radiosurgery for metastatic brain tumors, and the prognostic factors which influenced the outcome. Methods : We performed a retrospective analysis of 106 patients who underwent 159 treatments for 640 metastatic brain lesions between January 2000 and April 2008. The pathologies of the primary tumor were mainly lung (45.3%), breast (18.2%) and GI tract (13.2%). We classified the patients using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Recursive Partitioning Analysis (RPA) and then analyzed the survival and prognostic factors according to the Kaplan Meier method and univariate analysis. Results : The overall median actuarial survival rate was 7.3 months from the time of first radiosurgery treatment while 1 and 2 year actuarial survival estimates were 31% and 14.4%, respectively. Median actuarial survival rates for RPA classes I, II, and III were 31.3 months, 7.5 months and 1.7 months, respectively. Patients' life spans, higher Karnofsky performance scores and age correlated closely with RPA classes. However, sex and the number of lesions were not found to be significantly associated with length of survival. Conclusion : This result suggests that Novalis radiosurgery can be a good treatment option for treatment of the patients with brain metastases.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.215-221
• /
• 2007

Biosorption is considered to be a promising alternative to replace the present methods for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater. In this study, sewage sludge was used as a biosorbent which could be one of the cheapest and most abundant biomaterials. The objective of this work is to develop a surface-modified biosorbent with enhanced sorption capacity and binding affinity. The FT-IR and potentiometric titration studies revealed that carboxyl, phosphateand amine groups played a role in binding of dye molecules. The binding sites for reactive dye Reactive Red 4 (RR 4) were identified to be amino groups present in the biomass. In this work, based on the biosorption mechanism, the performance of biosorbentcould be enhanced by the removal of inhibitory carboxyl groups from the biomass for practical application of the biosorbents. As a result, the maximum capacity of biomass was increased up to 130% and 210% of the increment of sorption capacity at pH 2 and 4, respectively. Therefore, chemically modified sewage sludge can be used as an effective and low-cost biosorbent for the removal of dyes from industrial discharges.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2012

This study propose the vibration-based damage monitoring scheme for steel girder bolt-connection member by using wireless acceleration sensor node. In order to achieve the objective, the following approaches are implemented. Firstly, wireless acceleration sensor node is described on the design of hardware components and embedded operation software. Secondly, the vibration-based damage monitoring scheme of the steel girder bolt-connection member is described. The damage monitoring scheme performed global damage occurrence alarming and damage localization estimation by the acceleration response feature analysis. The global damage alarming is applied to the correlation coefficient of power spectral density. The damage localization estimation is applied to the frequency-based damage detection technique and the mode-shape-based damage detection technique. Finally, the performance of the vibration-based damage monitoring scheme is evaluated for detecting the bolt-connection member damage on a lab-scale steel girder.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.220-231
• /
• 2009

The principal objective of this study was to evaluate elementary students' awareness of the importance of hand washing, as well as their hand-washing behavior. The data was collected by self-reported questionnaire from 697 students in elementary schools with serving food in a classroom in Busan. Their hand-washing frequency was high, at '3~4 times per day (37.0%)'. 51.0% of the respondents did not wash their hands that often because they were 'not accustomed' to washing their hands, and 35.9% of respondents regarded washing their hands as 'annoying'. The most frequently reported hand washing agent was 'soap and water (71.4%)'. Approximately 95~98% of the respondents always washed their hands after using the bathroom, 87.9% of them washed their hands before eating food, and 86.7% of them washed their hands upon returning home. However, 27.3%, 34.1% and 65.9% of the respondents did not wash their hands after handling money, after eating, and after coughing or sneezing, respectively. Significant factors related to increased hand-washing frequency were gender (p<0.001) and the period of attendance at kindergarten (p<0.05). The mean scores of importance and performance of hand washing were significantly higher for girls than for boys. The group with higher rate (over 4.5/5.0) for the importance of sanitary hand-washing behavior showed significantly higher scores in hand-washing behavior before serving food and before eating than those of the lower rated group (below 4.0/5.0). This study shows that sanitation education is required not only for food handlers but also for students in school foodservices.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.3-24
• /
• 2012

This study proposes a research framework for IT service management (ITSM) area based on theories on innovation and IT achievements in the area of MIS. Then, existing ITSM literature is reviewed based on the research framework, and implications for future ITSM research are suggested. Major findings are as follows: (1) domestic research efforts should be continued to contribute to the diffusion of ITSM in industry, (2) since a certain level of research results has been accumulated, explanatory research rather than exploratory and/or descriptive studies should be pursued in the future, (3) research on the performance of ITSM is lacking, (4) research utilizing more objective data (secondary data obtained from ITSM systems) is needed. ITSM is innovation that can contribute to the improvement of productivity and competitiveness of organizations through systematic management of IT. It is expected that the research framework and implications of this study can assist future research efforts and practical utilization of ITSM.

• Elastomers and Composites
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.220-224
• /
• 2014

The tire tread is contacted with road surface directly. It gives significant effect on the breaking conditions, traction, noise and so on. The tread having grooves with complex geometry is molded by shaping process. The flow behavior of tread rubber in a mold affects the quality of the tread and it leads to the running performance of automobile. In this study, the flow behavior of rubber in shaping process has been investigated by computer simulation. The objective of flow simulation is the design of tread shape based on the contact of rubber on the mold surface and flow behavior of rubber. Different sequences of contact of rubber on the mold surface and flow behavior of rubber are observed according to the shape of tread on the mold surface. It was verified that the shape of tread gives significant effect on the flow behavior of rubber. Different flow behaviors of rubber and sequential contact of rubber to the mold surface were observed according to the shape of tread on the mold surface. Therefore, we have identified that the shape of tread give a change in the flow behavior of rubber.