• Title/Summary/Keyword: perceptual similarity

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A study on the Healing Effects of UV-Day light for the healthy Leprosy Center through the ANOVA statistical analysis - Focused on 5S (Sort, Straighten, Shine, Standardize, Sustain)

  • Shaikh, Javaria Manzoor;Park, JaeSeung
    • Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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    • v.19 no.4
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    • pp.7-18
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: The aim of this paper is to reduce the stress and the disturbance occur in selective action of patient. This article will also help us to control spreading and reduce the order and bacteria produced by leprosy disease among the lepers. This will be achieved with the help of several variables and these variables help us on health benefits is 5S (Sort, Straighten, Shine, Standardize, Sustain) i.e. ratio of sectional morphology, lessor 90 degree angles, day light, universal design building and maximum ventilation. The replies from the questionnaire were collected based on varying levels of satisfaction and gloominess on the scale of 1-10. Methods: The multi-layer methodological framework for maximising the healing environment obtained from the observation of schemes and parameters of ANOVA: (Analysis Of Variance between five deciding factors) are. Firstly applied for the calculation of the patient's satisfaction for U.V light from sun on ECOTECT simulation, secondly the number of $90^{\circ}$ angle, along the corridors. Thirdly understanding the ways to represent people's perceptual structures and way finding with Space Syntax software. Fourthly the ratio of depth to height of the building typology and finally interviewing the subjects describing their special experiences based on scale value. The focus of this testing of human subjects was to receive data for the existence of image scheme in way-finding and to identify the mechanisms by which sun light impacts human (lepers) health. Results: AMPVA studies concluded that there is similarity between I and O plan as well as L and H plan whereas U plan was difference among the five selected architectural shapes. Implications: The purpose of this research is to show the effects of the I-type, L-type, C-type, U-type and O-type plan design, and to analyse the morphology for EBD (Evidence-Based Design) healing environment which is a universal design for Munghopir Karachi, in Pakistan.

A Study on Image Evaluation System based on Prototype Theory (프로토타입 이론을 적용한 계층적 이미지 계측시스템)

  • 김돈한
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2001
  • In order to design the products that impression or emotional taste influence the purchase, feedback is necessary as useful data for better idea sketches through users emotional evaluation in early stage of design process. On the other hand, it was required to make judgments individually in previous image evaluations for emotional evaluations such as semantic differential method (SD method) that objects have been considered as classified tendency. However those SD methods are not enough to reflect flexible human capability with similarity judgment in object perceptual process. Therefore, this study proposes a classification of stimulus based on intuitive judgment and a hierarchical image evaluation method based on analysis of hierarchical process and fuzzy integration. The evaluation will be conducted through the order of process, intuitive classification of objective stimulus and items, definition of representatives in each class. Evaluation for each image of the stimulus, calculation of prior raking based on fuzzy integration. The evaluation supportive software is developed to conduct this evaluation process under interactive environments.

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The Method of Hierarchical Emotion Evaluation using Intuitive Categorization (직감적 범주화를 이용한 계층적 감성평가방법)

  • Kim, Don-Han
    • Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.45-54
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    • 2009
  • Categorization in a vital means for dealing with the multitudes of entities in the world surrounding people. Among others, the perceptual and the evaluative similarities factors strongly affect categorization. The conventional SD-type procedure are insufficient in this regard, since it requires an individual subject to make isolated judgments about each stimulus to identify categorization in terms of a group tendency. It disregards the individual categorization in which the similarities are of great importance. Thus in this study the phased emotional evaluation method is suggested based on the intuitive categorization of stimuli and on the similarity judgement of representative/ non-representative case in each category. To verify the effectiveness of the suggested evaluation method the scanned jewelry images are selected as test stimuli for emotional evaluation experiment. As a result of the evaluation experiment, the conventional SD-type procedure is complemented by the emotional evaluation method in phases of the task of intuitive categorization, the selection of the representative images and the setup of the evaluation score of the representative images to internally supplied anchors of evaluating non-representative images.

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Automatic Edge Class Formulation for Classified Vector Quantization

  • Jung, jae-Young
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.57-61
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    • 1999
  • In the field of image compression, Classified Vector Quantization(CVQ) reveals attractive characteristics for preserving perceptual features, such as edges. However, the classification scheme is not generalized to effectively reconstruct different kinds of edge patterns in the original CVQ that predefines several linear-type edge classes: vortical edge horizontal edge diagonal edge classes. In this paper, we propose a new classification scheme, especially for edge blocks based on the similarity measure for edge patterns. An edge block is transformed to a feature vector that describes the detailed shape of the edge pattern The classes for edges are formulated automatically from the training images to result in the generalization of various shapes of edge patterns. The experimental results show the generated linear/nonlinear types of edge classes. The integrity of all the edges is faithfully preserved in the reconstructed image based on the various type of edge codebooks generated at 0.6875bpp.

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Perceptional Change of a New Product, DMB Phone

  • Kim, Ju-Young;Ko, Deok-Im
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.59-88
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    • 2008
  • Digital Convergence means integration between industry, technology, and contents, and in marketing, it usually comes with creation of new types of product and service under the base of digital technology as digitalization progress in electro-communication industries including telecommunication, home appliance, and computer industries. One can see digital convergence not only in instruments such as PC, AV appliances, cellular phone, but also in contents, network, service that are required in production, modification, distribution, re-production of information. Convergence in contents started around 1990. Convergence in network and service begins as broadcasting and telecommunication integrates and DMB(digital multimedia broadcasting), born in May, 2005 is the symbolic icon in this trend. There are some positive and negative expectations about DMB. The reason why two opposite expectations exist is that DMB does not come out from customer's need but from technology development. Therefore, customers might have hard time to interpret the real meaning of DMB. Time is quite critical to a high tech product, like DMB because another product with same function from different technology can replace the existing product within short period of time. If DMB does not positioning well to customer's mind quickly, another products like Wibro, IPTV, or HSPDA could replace it before it even spreads out. Therefore, positioning strategy is critical for success of DMB product. To make correct positioning strategy, one needs to understand how consumer interprets DMB and how consumer's interpretation can be changed via communication strategy. In this study, we try to investigate how consumer perceives a new product, like DMB and how AD strategy change consumer's perception. More specifically, the paper segment consumers into sub-groups based on their DMB perceptions and compare their characteristics in order to understand how they perceive DMB. And, expose them different printed ADs that have messages guiding consumer think DMB in specific ways, either cellular phone or personal TV. Research Question 1: Segment consumers according to perceptions about DMB and compare characteristics of segmentations. Research Question 2: Compare perceptions about DMB after AD that induces categorization of DMB in direction for each segment. If one understand and predict a direction in which consumer perceive a new product, firm can select target customers easily. We segment consumers according to their perception and analyze characteristics in order to find some variables that can influence perceptions, like prior experience, usage, or habit. And then, marketing people can use this variables to identify target customers and predict their perceptions. If one knows how customer's perception is changed via AD message, communication strategy could be constructed properly. Specially, information from segmented customers helps to develop efficient AD strategy for segment who has prior perception. Research framework consists of two measurements and one treatment, O1 X O2. First observation is for collecting information about consumer's perception and their characteristics. Based on first observation, the paper segment consumers into two groups, one group perceives DMB similar to Cellular phone and the other group perceives DMB similar to TV. And compare characteristics of two segments in order to find reason why they perceive DMB differently. Next, we expose two kinds of AD to subjects. One AD describes DMB as Cellular phone and the other Ad describes DMB as personal TV. When two ADs are exposed to subjects, consumers don't know their prior perception of DMB, in other words, which subject belongs 'similar-to-Cellular phone' segment or 'similar-to-TV' segment? However, we analyze the AD's effect differently for each segment. In research design, final observation is for investigating AD effect. Perception before AD is compared with perception after AD. Comparisons are made for each segment and for each AD. For the segment who perceives DMB similar to TV, AD that describes DMB as cellular phone could change the prior perception. And AD that describes DMB as personal TV, could enforce the prior perception. For data collection, subjects are selected from undergraduate students because they have basic knowledge about most digital equipments and have open attitude about a new product and media. Total number of subjects is 240. In order to measure perception about DMB, we use indirect measurement, comparison with other similar digital products. To select similar digital products, we pre-survey students and then finally select PDA, Car-TV, Cellular Phone, MP3 player, TV, and PSP. Quasi experiment is done at several classes under instructor's allowance. After brief introduction, prior knowledge, awareness, and usage about DMB as well as other digital instruments is asked and their similarities and perceived characteristics are measured. And then, two kinds of manipulated color-printed AD are distributed and similarities and perceived characteristics for DMB are re-measured. Finally purchase intension, AD attitude, manipulation check, and demographic variables are asked. Subjects are given small gift for participation. Stimuli are color-printed advertising. Their actual size is A4 and made after several pre-test from AD professionals and students. As results, consumers are segmented into two subgroups based on their perceptions of DMB. Similarity measure between DMB and cellular phone and similarity measure between DMB and TV are used to classify consumers. If subject whose first measure is less than the second measure, she is classified into segment A and segment A is characterized as they perceive DMB like TV. Otherwise, they are classified as segment B, who perceives DMB like cellular phone. Discriminant analysis on these groups with their characteristics of usage and attitude shows that Segment A knows much about DMB and uses a lot of digital instrument. Segment B, who thinks DMB as cellular phone doesn't know well about DMB and not familiar with other digital instruments. So, consumers with higher knowledge perceive DMB similar to TV because launching DMB advertising lead consumer think DMB as TV. Consumers with less interest on digital products don't know well about DMB AD and then think DMB as cellular phone. In order to investigate perceptions of DMB as well as other digital instruments, we apply Proxscal analysis, Multidimensional Scaling technique at SPSS statistical package. At first step, subjects are presented 21 pairs of 7 digital instruments and evaluate similarity judgments on 7 point scale. And for each segment, their similarity judgments are averaged and similarity matrix is made. Secondly, Proxscal analysis of segment A and B are done. At third stage, get similarity judgment between DMB and other digital instruments after AD exposure. Lastly, similarity judgments of group A-1, A-2, B-1, and B-2 are named as 'after DMB' and put them into matrix made at the first stage. Then apply Proxscal analysis on these matrixes and check the positional difference of DMB and after DMB. The results show that map of segment A, who perceives DMB similar as TV, shows that DMB position closer to TV than to Cellular phone as expected. Map of segment B, who perceive DMB similar as cellular phone shows that DMB position closer to Cellular phone than to TV as expected. Stress value and R-square is acceptable. And, change results after stimuli, manipulated Advertising show that AD makes DMB perception bent toward Cellular phone when Cellular phone-like AD is exposed, and that DMB positioning move towards Car-TV which is more personalized one when TV-like AD is exposed. It is true for both segment, A and B, consistently. Furthermore, the paper apply correspondence analysis to the same data and find almost the same results. The paper answers two main research questions. The first one is that perception about a new product is made mainly from prior experience. And the second one is that AD is effective in changing and enforcing perception. In addition to above, we extend perception change to purchase intention. Purchase intention is high when AD enforces original perception. AD that shows DMB like TV makes worst intention. This paper has limitations and issues to be pursed in near future. Methodologically, current methodology can't provide statistical test on the perceptual change, since classical MDS models, like Proxscal and correspondence analysis are not probability models. So, a new probability MDS model for testing hypothesis about configuration needs to be developed. Next, advertising message needs to be developed more rigorously from theoretical and managerial perspective. Also experimental procedure could be improved for more realistic data collection. For example, web-based experiment and real product stimuli and multimedia presentation could be employed. Or, one can display products together in simulated shop. In addition, demand and social desirability threats of internal validity could influence on the results. In order to handle the threats, results of the model-intended advertising and other "pseudo" advertising could be compared. Furthermore, one can try various level of innovativeness in order to check whether it make any different results (cf. Moon 2006). In addition, if one can create hypothetical product that is really innovative and new for research, it helps to make a vacant impression status and then to study how to form impression in more rigorous way.

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Perceptual Quality Assessment on Display based on Analytic Network Process (Analytic Network Process 기반의 디스플레이 인지화질 평가)

  • Sung, Jung-Min;Choi, Bong-Seok;Choi, Bong-Yeol;Ha, Yeong-Ho
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.51 no.7
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    • pp.180-189
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    • 2014
  • Display quality assessment has been a long standing issue due to the diversity of display devices and the rapid growth of display technology. The conventional display quality assessment methods are mostly those methods which evaluate qualities of a display by measuring physical quantities, but the results from the methods are not equal to the perceived results which are acquired with subjective experiments. Thus, we need to solve the above contrariety as well as establish the quantitative correlation between physical and perceived results. This paper proposes the systematic method of evaluating relative perceived qualities among various display devices and quantifies these relative perceived qualities. The proposed method is based on Analytic Network Process(ANP), which is one of the most popular decision making methods in the business administration field. We also adopted three evaluation criteria, which consist of color, shape and depth, in order to reflect the human visual system and chose eight sub-criteria related to display characteristics via question investigation. We carried out a subjective experiment and the proposed method which evaluated perceived qualities of two display devices(TFT-LCD, OLED) in order to prove the similarity between their results. As a result, it is proved that the order relationship between perceived qualities was the same as the order of results got through the subjective experiment.