• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.113.2-114
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• 2003

Five pepper-infecting potyviruses, Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Chilli veinal mottle virus (CVMV), Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV), Pepper severe mosaic virus (PSMV) and Tobacco each virus (TEV), are known filamentous virus and can be infected pepper crops systemically. To understand pathology and genome information of the five viruses on pepper plants, host reactions and sequences were compared to the 5 viruses. Five potyviruses were inoculated onto some typical cultivars of hot peppers and compared their symptoms, and virus accumulations. A set of degenerate primers for potyviruses were applied to 5 viruses and RT-PCR was performed. RT-PCR products containing partial nuclear inclusion b and coat protein (CP) genes were cloned. Then, oligo dT primer and species-specific primer were redesigned to amplify the C-terminal part of CP and 3' noncoding regions of each viruses. Sequences of the viruses were analyzed and compared to serological relationships among the viruses. The data can be useful for screening of potyviruses in pepper plants and pathogen-derived transgenic pepper plant development.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2016

In plant virus ecology, weeds are regarded as wild reservoirs of viruses and as potential sources for insect-mediated transmission of viruses. During field surveys in 2013-2014, three Leonurus sibiricus plants showing virus-like symptoms were collected from pepper fields in Daegu, Seosan, and Danyang in Korea. Molecular diagnosis assays showed that the collected L. sibiricus samples were infected with either Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), or Beet western yellow virus (BWYV), respectively. Since this is the first identification of TSWV, PMMoV, and BWYV from L. sibiricus, complete genome sequences of three virus isolates were determined to examine their phylogenetic relationships with the previously reported strains and isolates. Phylogenetic analyses performed using full genome sequences of the viruses showed the isolates of TSWV and PMMoV obtained from L. sibiricus are closely related to the pepper isolates of the corresponding viruses. Our results suggest that L. sibiricus could act an alternative host and reservoir of viruses that cause damages in pepper fields.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1885-1889
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• 2007

The tissue blot immunobinding assay (TBIA) is widely used for the detection and localization of plant viruses in various plant tissues. The basic experimental procedures of TBIA sampling and blotting were simplified using commercially available micropipette tips. This method was termed the ring-blot immunobinding assay (R-BIA), as the blot on the membrane forms a ring shape. The detection efficacy of R-BIA was tested for two chili pepper viruses, pepper mild mottle tobamovirus (PMMoV) and pepper mottle potyvirus (PepMoV), following the optimized serological procedures of TBIA (length of the incubation period and BSA concentration, and primary and secondary antibodies). Sensitivity of the R-BIA was about 1 ng/ml of purified PMMoV in pepper leaf sap from a healthy pepper plant. R-BIA also showed high specificity in the detection of PMMoV and PepMoV. Moreover, the modified sampling and blotting procedures were simpler and more reliable than other TBIA methods (such as whole-leaf blotting and crushed-leaf blotting), suggesting that the R-BIA may be used for medium- to large-scale detection of plant viruses in laboratories with minimal facilities.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 1972

A total of 163 virus infected pepper plants(Capsicum annuum L.) collected from various pepper growing regions in Korea were investigated on the presence of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus X(PVX), potato virus Y(PVY) and alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) by serological methods. Van Slogteren's microprecipitin test was applied for the testing of TMV, PVX and PVY from infected plants, and Ouchterlony agar double diffusion test was used for CMV and AMV. Results obtained are as follows: 1. TMV, CMV, PVX, PVY and AMV were found to occur on the pepper plants growing in Korea. 2. The prevalence of each of these viruses among the 163 pepper plants investigated was in the order of CMV: 93 plants(57.0%)>TMV: 91 plants (55.8%)>AMV: 58 plants (35.6%)>PVY: 40 plants (24.5%)> PVX:6 plants(3.7%). 3. Among the 163 plants investigated, 72 plants (44%) showed infection with one kind of virus and 91 plants (56%) showed mixed infection with more than two different viruses. In general, heavier damage of the plants was observed from mixed infection. 4. The results of serological identification of pepper viruses coincided with those results obtained by sap inoculation experiment conducted at the Horticultural Experiment Station along with present investigation. Thus the serological techniques applied in this experiment proved to be very reliable for the identification of TMV, CMV, PVX, PVY and AMV from pepper plants infected with these viruses.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.503-508
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• 2020

The potential transmission of plant pathogenic viruses through processed foods could be a source of concern for global crop production; however, there is a lack of supporting evidence. The present study was conducted to investigate the presence of plant pathogenic viruses in five samples of gochujang (fermented red pepper paste) manufactured in Korea. Several viruses infecting pepper were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, among which the pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) was detected in all five samples, at concentrations ranging from 2.8 to 7.0 (log₁₀ copies/ml). In addition, PMMoV was observed by transmission electron microscopy in all five samples. The samples exhibited viral pathogenicity to Nicotiana benthamiana plants, indicating that global trade of processed products could be a possible source of the transmission of plant viruses.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2015

2006년부터 2010년까지 국내 고추 노지재배 포장을 대상으로 경상남도와 제주도를 제외한 강원도 11개 지역 등 전국에 걸쳐 총 83개 지역을 중심으로 바이러스 이병체를 채집하여 연차별 고추 발생 바이러스의 발병률, 바이러스 종류 및 감염 형태를 조사하였다. 2006년부터 2010년까지의 고추에서의 평균 단독 감염률은 46.6%, 복합 감염률은 48.0%로 조사되어 고추 생산에 있어서 가장 큰 위해요소는 바이러스 발병으로 나타났다. 바이러스별로는 CMV가 평균 34.8% 발병률로 가장 우점 바이러스로 조사되었다. 반면 BBWV2는 낮은 발병율을 보여주었으며, TSWV는 충남과 전남지역에 국한되는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 고추 노지재배 시 발생하는 바이러스의 위해도를 발병률에 따라 구분하면 CMV, PMMoV, 그리고 PepMov 순으로 조사되었다. 또한 복합 감염의 발생도 모든 조사지역 시료에서 검출되었으며, 이에 대한 감염 별 바이러스 종류와 발생률을 분석하였다. 복합 감염에서 가장 빈번하게 검출된 바이러스는 CMV로, CMV+BBWV2, CMV+PepMoV, CMV+PMMoV의 복합 감염형태가 검출률이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 고추의 유기농 재배 생산에 가장 큰 위협요인으로 작용하는 바이러스의 적절한 대책마련을 위한 지속적인 바이러스 모니터링과 3종 이상의 복합 감염 위해성을 판단하기 위한 추가 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.258-261
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• 2005

We conducted a survey on pepper virus diseases in 31 regions in Korea from November 2001 to December 2004. Using electron microscopy, test plant reaction, rapid immuno-filter paper assay (RIPA), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and/or analysis of viral nucleotide sequences, we found a number of viruses from 1,056 samples that we collected. These included Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2), Tobacco mild green mosaic virus (TMGMV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Of the samples analyzed, $343(32.5\%)$ were infected with CMV, $209(19.8\%)$ with PepMoV, $141(13.4\%)$ with PMMoV, $12(1.1\%)$ with BBWV2, $40(3.8\%)$ with TMGMV, $5(0.5\%)$ with TSWV, $153(14.5\%)$ with CMV and PepMoV, $54 (5.1\%)$ with CMV and PMMoV, $31(2.9\%)$ with PepMoV and PMMoV, $3(0.3\%)$ with CMV and BBWV2, $1(0.1\%)$ with CMV, PepMoV and BBWV2, $8(0.8\%)$ with CMV, PepMoV and PMMoV, and $30 (2.8\%)$ samples were infected with viruses which were not identified. CMV was the most predominant virus in all inspected fields and the number of the samples infected with PMMoV was relatively low as compared PepMoV infection level in pepper. TMGMV was only found in the southern part of Korea, while TSWV was isolated in Anyang and Yesan. However, we did not encounter in this survey the Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), and Pepper vein chlorosis virus (PVCV).

• 식물병연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2018

국내 노지 고추에서의 바이러스 발생률 및 발병현황을 조사하기 위해 2015-2016년까지 포장조사를 수행하였다. 시료 채집은 6월부터 9월까지 월별로 실시하였고 노지 포장에서 바이러스 병징을 보이는 고추에 대해 2015년 424개, 2016년 368개의 시료를 채집하였다. 감염여부는 7종 바이러스(오이모자이크바이러스, 잠두위조바이러스2, 토마토반점위조바이러스, 사탕무황화바이러스, 고추모틀바이러스, 감자바이러스 Y, 고추약한모틀바이러스)에 대한 유전자 진단법을 이용하여 검정하였다. 그 결과, 바이러스 발병률은 2015년에는 91.7%, 2016년에는 98%로 조사되었고, 조사지역에 따라 발생하는 바이러스의 종류는 차이가 있었으나 7종 바이러스가 모두 발생됨을 확인하였다. 2015년 바이러스 종류별 발생률은 CMV, BBWV, BWYV, PMMoV, TSWV, PepMoV 및 PVY가 각각 73.8%, 68.3%, 46.9%, 14.6%, 12.7%, 6.6% 및 3.3%이었으며 2016년 바이러스 발생률은 CMV, BBWV2, BWYV, TSWV, PMMoV, PepMoV 및 PVY가 73.3%, 71.4%, 34.7%, 27.9%, 19.2%, 13.5% 및 3.5%로 조사되었다. 바이러스 발생양상을 분석한 결과, 전체 채집시료의 복합감염 비율이 2015년에는 83%, 2016년에는 86.7%로 단독감염보다 대부분 복합감염의 형태로 발병됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.137.2-138
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• 2003

The commercial cultivars of red pepper were screened against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) and Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV) by seedling test. Tn single infection of TMV or PMMoV, mosaic symptom was produced on the cultivars of 'Cheongyang'and 'Wangshilgun'. However, in cultivars of 'Manilla'and 'Bugang', symptoms were not occurred. In single infection of PepMoV, symptoms of mottle and malformation were produced on the tested cultivars of 'Manilla', 'Bugang', 'Cheongyang'and 'Wangshilgun' In the cultivars of 'Cheongyang'and 'Wangshilgun', synergistic symptoms of stunt and lethal death were induced by mixed infections in the two combinations of TMV+PepMoV and PMMoV+PepMoV. However, in cultivars of 'Manilla'and 'Bugang', synergistic symptom was not occurred as mottle which was milder than that of single infection. Cells were single infected with TMV and PMMoV the cultivars of 'Cheongyang'and 'Wangshilgun', respectively, had typical ultrastructures of tobamovirus as the stacked-band structure and multiple spiral aggregate (SA). Ultrastructures of cell and tissues infected with PepMoV on the cultivars of 'Cheongyang', 'Wangshilgun', 'Manilla'and 'Bugang', the potyvirus inclusions of pinwhills, scrolls, lamminated aggregates and amorphous inclusion were observed. Infected cells with a combination of TMV+PepMoV and PMMoV+PepMoV, the virus particles and inclusions of the two different viruses were found only mixed infection in the same cytoplasm and the amounts of viruses in mixed infections were abundant than in single infection. The angled-layer aggregates (ALA) was observed in the cells infected mixedly with TMV and PepMoV

• 식물병연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2001

Nicotiana glutinosa를 이용한 단병반분리를 통해 국내에 시판되고 있는 상용고추종자로부터 괴사국부병반의 크기가 다른 두 종류의 Tobamovirus를 분리하고 이들을 각각 Tobamovirus-6(T-6)과 Tobamovirus-19(T-19)로 명명하였다. 기주범위와 혈청학적 연관성 조사에서 T-6은 pepper mild mottle vitus(PMMoV)와, T-19는 tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)와 유사한 특성을 보였다. 또한 외피단백질 염기서열 분석에서 T-6은 PMMoV와 T-19는 ToMV와 매우 유사하였다.