• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.435-442
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• 2015

The main objective of this work was to identify and evaluate possible substrate alternatives or amendments to peat moss. This study involves the physical and chemical characterization and growth test of wood sawdust and wood fiber in order to evaluate their use as components of horticultural media. The carbohydrate content, C/N ratio, pH, phenolic compound, total porosity and water holding capacity were 58.9%, 425.1, 4.8, 181.8 ($mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$), 82.5% and 47.1% in wood sawdust and 41.1%, 240.8, 5.9, 29.8 ($mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$), 90.6% and 56.2% in wood fiber, respectively. Wood sawdust (K, $998.0mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ ; Ca, $1196.0mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Mg, $105.6mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) and wood fiber (K, $1250.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Ca, $1982.6mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Mg, $173.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) showed adequate mineral elements properties compared to peat moss (K, $0.02mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Ca, $0.57mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Mg, $0.13mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) for their use as growing media. The mixtures of the horticultural media were prepared using different substrate as wood sawdust and wood fiber to grow Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) in a greenhouse. The seed germination, leaf area and stem height were 75%, $0.50cm^2$ and 2.8 cm in PS substrate (containing 30% peat moss, 10% perlite and 60% wood sawdust) and 95%, $0.65cm^2$ and 3.3 cm in PF substrate (containing 30% peat moss, 10% perlite and 60% wood fiber), respectively. The seed germination and stem height of the PF substrate (containing 30% peat moss, 10% perlite and 60% wood fiber) was higher than those in peat moss (control). Utilization of wood by-product can be considered as an alternative media component to substitute the widely using expensive peat moss.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.67-75
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to pelletize to calendula and salvia seeds with peat moss as basic material for the efficient greening and vegetating of slopes and damaged areas. Also the pelletizing was compressed by spherical types that mixed basic fertilizer of N.;300 mg/l, P.;200 mg/l, K.;400 mg/g and plant growth regulator of A and NAA each 300PPM. Soil and soil surface seeding methods were researched to find the growing state of germination percent, germination date, germination force, length of leaf, number of leaf, width of leaf, length of plant, and etc. Comparing with controlled pelletizing, peat moss and +GA pelletizing treatments resulted in higher from two to three times as following growing states : length of leaves, number of leaves, width of leaves, length of plants, length of roots, fresh weights, and ratio of germination. Especially the two treatments above showed four more times effects than the +NNA treatment. Also their germinating date germinating force were earlier and stronger. The surface seeding method was superior to soil seeding.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.106-112
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to derive the mixing ratio with stable heating value to be used as fuel and secondary fuel by mixing sewage sludge cake, tar, peat moss, and verify the combustion property of produced solid fuel and the applicability of RDF as alternative fuel. Tar shows the highest heating value with 7,000kcal/kg and the heating value of sewage sludge cake and peat moss ranges from 4,000 to 4,500kcal/kg. Also, the solid fuel with length 1.6cm, diameter 1.3cm and weight 2.3g was produced using the heating value of over 6,000kcal/kg and proper mixing ratio (sewage sludge cake: tar: peat moss) from 1 : 4 : 1 to 1 : 7 : 1. Upon the analysis of the RDF applicability of produced solid fuel, the exhaust gas analysis finds that the composition concentration of exhaust gas occurred according to the mixing ratio did not change significantly and the flame lasting time was found to be around 5 minutes, similar to the lasting time of the same mass (2.3g) of general anthracite burned. Therefore, it can be concluded that solid fuel produced in this study can be used as fuel and secondary fuel.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.108-114
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• 2007

This study was conducted to clarify the effects of the different mixing ratios of substrate mixtures based on peat moss and the concentration of nutrient solution on the growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) seedlings. Substrates such as peat moss, rice hull, carbonized rice hull, decomposed sawdust, perlite and granular rock wool were mixed and used. The concentration of nutrient solution were adjusted to EC $0.5{\sim}1.5mS/cm$. The volumetric moisture contents became higher as peat moss mixed were much more. Total porosities in all substrate mixtures were over 80%, and pH in substrate mixtures became lower as the volume of peat moss mixed higher. Mixing ratios of substrates suitable for the production of tomato seedlings with the higher quality were peat moss:rice hull:carbonized rice hull:decomposed sawdust:perlite=25:10:25:20:20(v/v). The plant growth was not significant among the different substrate mixtures. However, plant growth such as plant height, leaf area, and total dry weight became significantly increased as EC increasing.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.302-306
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• 2005

This Study was Conducted in 3 glasshouse to examine the Possibility for cultivation of plug seedlings using four growing media containing recycled PET-bottle-particles (PBT) as a medium component. Plug seedlings of 'Seokwang' tomato were grown in media containing $100\%$ PBT, $100\%$ peatmoss, or $50\%$ $PBT+50\%$ peatmoss. A commercial plug medium (Tosilee) was used as the control. All seeds were sown in 128 cell plug trays on July 12, 2004. Seedling growth was measured at 30 days after sowing. Percent seed germination was greater than 95% in all treatments. Plant height, shoot fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and hypocotyl length were the greatest in the control treatment. Root length and weight were the greatest in the $100\%$ PBT treatment, which had a medium pH of 7.3. Leaf area and shoot dry weight were greater in the $50\%$ $PBT+50\%$ peatmoss treatment, than in the $100\%$ PBT treatment, while they were the smallest in the $100\%$ peatmoss treatment. No toxicity symptoms caused by the use or PBT had been observed in any treatment. The results suggest a possibility of recycled PBT, a valuable reusable resource, to be used as a component for medium amendments in horticultural transplant production.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.459-464
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• 2011

In this study, the canadian peat moss extract was purified by a supercritical ₂ using three different conditions and assessed its biological activities. Peat moss was extracted by acid-alkaline extraction method (sample 1) and purified by a supercritical $CO_2$ at $40^{\circ}C$ under pressure of 100 bar (sample 2), 120 bar (sample 3) or 150 bar (sample 4). We evaluated the antioxidant activities of the samples by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging, $Fe^{2+}$/ascorbate (FTC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods. The antioxidant activities were examined by comparing the results with that of ascorbic acid as a positive control. Sample 3 showed relatively higher DPPH radical-scavenging activities than other samples. The antioxidant activity by FIC method exhibited similar results as the DPPH radical-scavenging activities. On the other hand, sample 2 showed higher antioxidant activity measured by TBA method of all. The whitening effects of the samples were examined using mushroom tyrosinase and B16F10 melanoma cells. Sample 3 exhibited overall significant whitening effects, however, other samples showed relatively lower effects. These results suggest that the peat moss extract purified by a supercritical ₂ could be used as a cosmetic ingredient for the anti-aging and whitening effects.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.857-871
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• 2017

The major substrates used in soilless growing media are peat moss and perlite, where peat moss is a limited and expensive natural resource. Determination of appropriate substrates based on technical and economic feasibility is the vital aspect of research and the key to success in any soilless production system. This research work was performed to evaluate different low-cost and sustainable alternative substrate as soilless growing media for horticulture plant. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of sawdust species and steam treatment, for physico-chemical properties and growth of horticultural plant. This study involves the physical and chemical characterization and growth test of four substrate (pine sawdust, oak sawdust, steamed pine sawdust and steamed oak sawdust) in order to evaluate their use as components of growing media. Steamed oak sawdust ($121^{\circ}C$, 30 min) showed adequate physical and chemical properties compared to peat moss for their use as growing media. The growing media were prepared using different mixture proportion to grow Brassica campestris L., Festuca arundinacea and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq. The highest germination, stem length and leaf area of Brassica campestris L., Festuca arundinacea and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya were observed in 30 minute steamed oak sawdust mixture growing media. The steam treatment condition of sawdust used in the growing media significantly positive affected the germination, the stem length and the leaf area.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.231-236
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• 2022

The research was aimed to improve pre-harvest methods to maintain marketability in postharvest leaf lettuce. In this study, the effect of hydroponics on the growth and post-harvest storage characteristics of 'Chongchima' lettuce grown in peat mass medium hydroponic system using a non-powered culture device or deep water culture (DWC) was evaluated. There was no difference in fresh weight, leaf number, SPAD, moisture content, and C/N ratio between peat moss growing medium hydroponic and DWC methods except plant height. It was found that lettuce cultivation by a nonpowered hydroponics method is easier than the existing DWC. The quality parameters, such as fresh weight loss, SPAD value, and general appearance of lettuce were investigated after harvest. There was no significant difference in fresh weight loss and general appearance during storage of lettuce by the hydroponics methods. However, with the increased storage time of SPAD, which is related to chlorophyll content, was slightly higher in peat moss medium hydroponic was than DWC. When crops such as lettuce are grown under favorable conditions without any agronomic abnormalities, it is suggested that post-harvest storage is not significantly affected by peat moss growing medium hydroponic and DWC.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.315-320
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• 1994

This survey report introduced briefly peat deposits in SAKHALIN island of eastern SIBERIA continent. Peat industry was promoted as leading resources for development in this island by national control economic plan of central government before CIS. But development of deposit was left suspension of operation due to investment now. In southern area, about 10km from Yuzunosakhalinsk, two deposits of peat field were explored. One of them (Troisk) was suspended at begining stage of peat harvest from 300ha field and the other(Missilop) was producing the compact peat through drying and pulverizing from 350ha peat field which showed long run harvest activities. There are plenty of peat deposits near the Polonai Reika (river) in the central area of this island, At Zbaikaritz, 40km nothern area from Polonaisk, 135ha of peat field was developed. This field was left without working but established field preparation and could be able to be harvested any time if machines and utlities were settled. At southern suburb 10km from Polonaisk, about 40ha field of virgin deposit has been established planning for development. The plan involved estimated amount of peat, deposit depth, water level, drainage and leading road. The most of peat deposits accumulated from sphagnum moss. Texture is coarse but it contains more than 95% of organic carbon near to 0.5% of total nitrogen and acidity showed pH4-5.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.135-138
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• 2004

본 연구는 중금속으로 오염된 폐수처리에 있어 친환경적 유기흡착제로서 휴믹물질의 활용성을 평가하기 위한 기초 연구로서 이탄(peat moss)으로부터 Humin을 분리 한 후, 중금속 이온(Cd(II),Cu(II))과의 흡착특성을 조사하였다. 이탄으로부터 추출한 peat-Humin의 함량은 94%이상을 나타냈으며, 분자의 작용기 특성은 일반 토양 휴믹물질(soil humic substance)과 유사하였다. peat-Humin과 중금속 이온(Cd(II),Cu(II))과의 흡착 반응은 5분내에 빠른 흡착형을 보였으며, pH 5-6에서 가장 높은 중금속 제거율을 보였다. pH 3의 산성조건에서도 50%정도의 제거율을 보였다. pH 5에서의 등온흡착 실험결과를 Freundlich 등온식에 적용하여 해석한 결과, 각의 중금속에 대한 peat-Humin의 흡착상수(Kf)는 Cd(II)이 8.07 그리고 Cu(II)가 4.56으로 나타났다.