• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2013

In this paper, we were to investigate effect of correction to muscle imbalance in lower limbs according to reduction of weight bearing methods of four point of horizontal shaft using two-belt treadmill. Participants were divided to two group according to each ten peoples who have difference of muscle function in left and right legs over 20%. Experiment progressed forty minutes a day three days a week, total four weeks and we estimated the maximal peak torque and average power for testing joint torque in hip, knee and ankle. The results showed that the correction effect of muscle imbalance to the maximal muscle strength was the most effective in hip joint. Also in knee joint, correction effect of muscular reaction was the most effective too. We thought that reduction of weight bearing methods could be positive effect to correct muscle imbalance in lower limbs.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.841-846
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• 2015

This study was investigated to determine the effect of microbial transglutaminase (MTG) with or without red bean protein isolate (RBPI) on the porcine myofibrillar protein (MP) gel functionality at different pH values (pH 5.75-6.5). Cooking yield (CY, %), gel strength (GS, gf), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were determined to measure gel characteristics. Since no differences were observed the interaction between 1% RBPI and pH, data were pooled. CY increased with the addition of 1% RBPI, while it was not affected by pH values. GS increased with increased pH and increased when 1% RBPI was added, regardless of pH. There were distinctive endothermic protein peaks, at 56.55 and 75.02℃ at pH 5.75, and 56.47 and 72.43℃ at pH 6.5 in DSC results, which revealed decreased temperature of the first peak with the addition of 1% RBPI and increased pH. In SEM, a more compact structure with fewer voids was shown with the addition of 1% RBPI and increased pH from 5.75 to 6.5. In addition, the three-dimensional structure was highly dense and hard at pH 6.5 when RBPI was added. These results indicated that the addition of 1% RBPI at pH 6.5 in MTG-mediated MP represent the optimum condition to attain maximum gel-formation and protein gel functionality.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.4 s.82
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• pp.501-509
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• 2004

The proposed model can predict the compressive behaviors of concrete confined with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) jacket. To model confining concrete by FRP jackets, the hypoelasticity-based constitutive law of concrete In tri-axial stress states has been presented. The increment of strength of concrete has been determined by the failure surface of concrete in tri-axial states, and its corresponding peak strain is computed by the strain enhancement factor that is proposed in the present study, Therefore, the newly proposed model is a load-dependent confinement model of concrete wrapped by FRP jackets to compare the previous models which are load-independent confinement models. The behavior of FRP jackets has been modeled using the mechanics of orthotropic laminated composite materials in two-dimension. The developed model is implemented into the incremental analysis of compressive tests. The verification study with several different experiments shows that the model is able to adequately capture the behavior of the compression test by including better estimations of the axial responses as well as the lateral response of FRP-confined concrete cylinders.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.288-297
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• 2000

This paper describes the results of an experimental investigation of the flow characteristics and the heat transfer rate on a surface by interaction of a pair of vortices. The test facility consists of a boundary-layer wind tunnel with a vortex introduced into the flow by half-delta wings(vortex generators) protruding from the surface. In order to control the strength of the two longitudinal vortices, the angles of attack of the vortex generators are varied from 20 degree to 45 degree, but spacings between the vortex generators are fixed to 4 cm. The 3-dimensional mean velocity downstream of the vortex generators is measured by a five-hole pressure probe, and the hue-capturing method using the thermochromatic liquid crystals has been used to provide the local distribution of the heat transfer coefficient. By using the method mentioned above, the following conclusions are obtained from the present experiment. The boundary layer is thinned in the regions where the secondary flow is directed toward the wall and thickened where it is directed away from the wall. The peak augmentation of the local heat transfer coefficient occurs in the downwash region near the point of minimum boundary-layer thickness. Streamwise distributions of averaged Stanton number on the measurement planes show very similar trends for all the cases(${\beta}=20^{circ},\;30^{\circ}\;and\;45^{\circ}$).

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1990.11a
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• pp.85-87
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• 1990

Silicon nitride film was deposited on a silicon wafer using a laser CVD(LCVD) technique, which is based on direct photolysis of $SiH_4/NH_3$ gas mixture by ArF laser beam(${\lambda}=193\;nm$). The refractive index of deposited SiN film is 1.9 at the temperature of $300^{\circ}C$, pressure of 5 torr. The breakdown field strength of LCVD SiN film was 10MV/cm. In IR spectrum, the absorption peak of Si-H, N-H, and Si-N is detected and it is shown that hydrogen is included in SiN film. From analysis of absorption band. it is calculated that density of Si-H, N-H bond is higher than $5{\times}10^{22}cm^{-3}$. LCVD MIS capacitor and PECVD MIS capacitor have injection-type hysteresis but it is known that hysteresis loss of LCVD MIS capacitor is smaller than that of PECVD MIS capacitor. It means that Interface state density of LCVD capacitor is smaller than that of PECVD capacitor. In addition, the flatband voltage($V_{FB}$) of LCVD is smaller than that of PECVD capacitor. And it means that fixed charged density($Q_{FIX}$) of LCVD capacitor is smaller than that of PECVD MIS capacitor.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.99-110
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• 2000

The damages due to wave impact loads are largely affected by impact pressure impulse and impact load area. The objective of this study is, as the third step, to perform dynamic structural analysis of bow flare structure of 300,000 DWT VLCC using LS/DYNA3D code, and to verify its dynamic structural behaviors. The impact load areas of stiffener space $1.5s{\times}1.5s$ and $2.5s{\times}2.5s$ are applied to bow flare structure part with relatively flexible stiffeners, and with stiff members such as stringers, webs etc., respectively, under the wave impact load with peak height 6.5MPa, tail 1.0MPa, and duration time 5.0msec. Through the dynamic structural analysis in this study, it might be thought that the structural strength of bow flare structure is generally sufficient for these wave impact load and areas, except that large damages were found at bow flare structure area with flexible wide span stiffeners.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2000

Lysyl Oxidase from fetal bovine aorta was purified to homogenity using extraction, Sephacryl S200HR chromatography, Hydropore AX ion-exchange high performance liquid column chromatography, Cibacron blue affinity chromatography, and Sephacryl S-300 HR chromatography in the presence of protease inhibitor. The purified enzyme was active toward lathyritic collagen as well as elastin and was sensitive to aminonitriles such as BAPN. Upon Sephacryl S-300 HR chromatography, the enzyme was eluted as a peak with a $K_{av}$ value of 0.45 (65% of $V_t$ ) and it eluted from high performance liquid ion-exchange column (Hydropore |AX) at single position (ionic strength, I = 0.1~0.15). Once purified, it showed one band upon SDS-PAGE. It migrated to a band the mobility of which corresponded to a Mr of 33,500 upon reduction while it migrated to a 24,500 Mr position under the non-reducing condition. In constrast to other reports, it is concluded that fetal bovine aorta contains only one type of lysy oxidase.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 1988

The new technique has been used to determine the soil-reinforcement interaction. The testing apparatus is essentially a triaxial cell fitted with the capability to house a hollow cylinderical sample. A hollow cylinderical sand specimen with a concentrical layer of reinfarcing material sandwitched in the middle is used in this investigation. The reinforcement is fastened at the base. The hollow specimen can be viewed as a "unit sheet" of a soil-reinforcement composite system of infinite horizontal extent. Axial load as well as inner and outer chamber pressures can be applied to perform a test. The specimen is first subjected to an isotropic stress state corresponding to the overburden pressure. Next, an extension test by reducing the axial load is carried out. The specimen is "loaded" to failure by either the breakage of reinforcing material (tensile failure) or slippage which takes place at the soil-reinforcement interface (i.e. the overcoming of the bonding capacity). Since the reinforcement is fastened at its lower end to the base, any tendency of relative movement between the reinforcement and the sand during an extension test can induce tensile force in the reinforcement thus forming a "reversed pull-out" test condition. Preliminary test results have demonstrated positively of the new approach to test the soil-reinforcement interaction. Reinforcing elements of different extensibility were used to study the deformbility of reinforced soil. Furthermore, both the breakage and the pull-out modes of failure were observed.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.246-252
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• 2016

In comparison to metal alloys, braided composite features a high impact resistance and crash energy absorption potential, and also it still remained competitive stiffness and strength properties. Braiding angle is one of the most important parameters which affect the mechanical behaviors of braided composite. This paper presents transverse low velocity impact failure behavior analysis on the carbon 3D triaxial braided composite tube with the braiding angle of $20^{\circ}$, $50^{\circ}$ and $80^{\circ}$. The flexural behaviour of 3D triaxial braided composite tube under bending loads was studied by conducting quasistatic three point bending test. Also, the low velocity impact responses of the braided composite tubes were also tested to obtain load-displacement curves and energy absorption. Consequently, the increase of the braided angle, the peak load also increases owing to the bigger bending stiffness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1398-1401
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• 2005

The nano/microstructure, the aging response (in T5 heat treatment), and the mechanical/tribological properties of the eutectic regions in squeeze-cast A356 alloy were investigated using nano/micro-indentation and mechanical scratching, combined wit optical microscopy and atomic force microscope(AFM). Most eutectic Si crystals in the A356 alloy showed a modified morphology as fine-fibers. The loading curve for the eutectic region was more irregular than that of the primary Al region due to the presence of various particles of varying strength. In addition, the eutectic region showed lower pile-up and higher elastic recovery than the primary Al region. The aging responses of the eutectic regions in the squeeze-cast A356 alloys aged at $150^{\circ}C$ for different times(0, 2, 4, 8, 10, 16, 24, 36 and 72 h) were investigated. As the aging time increased, acicular Si particles in the eutectic regions gradually came to a fine structure. Both Vickers hardness ($H_V$) and indentation ($H_{IT}$) test results showed almost the same trend of aging curves, and the peak was obtained at the same aging time of 10 h. A remarkable size-dependence of the tests was found. The friction coefficient for the eutectic region was lower than that for the primary Al region.