• Title/Summary/Keyword: pb group

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Source Characteristics of Particulate Trace Metals in Daegu Area (대구지역 부유분진 중 미량금속성분의 발생원 특성연구)

  • 최성우;송형도
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.469-476
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    • 2000
  • This study was performed to understand the behavior and source characteristics of particulate trace metals in Daegu area. To do this, total of 84 samples had been collected from January to December 1999. TSP (total suspended particulate matter) and PM-10(particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) were collected by filters on portable air sampler, and in TSP and PM-10 were analyzed by ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer) after preliminary treatment. The results were follow as: first, annul means of TSP and PM-10 concentration were 123 and 69$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎤ respectively. The concentration of TSP adn PM-10 were highest in winter season compared to other seasons. Second, the concentration of Al, Fe, Mn were higher in TSP than in PM-10, indicating that these metals are generally associate with natural contributions. Third, a hierarchical clustering technique was used to group 9 metals. The results from the cluster analysis of TSP and PM-10 shows a similar clustering pattern : Fe, Al in a group and the rest of the metals such as Ni, Cr, As, Mn, Cd, Pb, Zn in the other group. One group of metal such as Fe, Al is associated with natural sources such as soil and dust. The other is closely related to urban anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustion, incineration, and refuse burning, Finally, using Al as a reference element, enrichment factors were used for identifying the major particulate contributors. The enrichment factors of Al. Fe<10 (standard value of enrichment factor) were considered to have a significant dust and soil source and termed nonenriched. Ni, Cr, As, Mn, Cd, Pb, Zn》10 is enriched and has a significant which is contributed by athropogenic sources.

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Effect of Cadmium and Lead with Single or Mixed Admin stration on Rat Bones (카드뮴 및 납의 수여가 백서골성분에 미치는 영향)

  • 김영환;박국환
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.55-60
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    • 1982
  • This study was carried out in order to clarify the combined effect of cadmium and lead on rat bones when exposed to single metal (1 mg cd/kg body weight) and cambined metals (1 mg cd + 4 mg pb/kg body weight). Seventy five mature rats of Sprague-Dawley species were divided into a control group and a treatment group that were administered by daily peritoneum injection for 7 to 9 weeds, and their body weights were measured every week. The results were summarized as follows 1. Body weight gains of the combined injection group and the single injection groups were lower than that of the control group. 2. In case of the combined injection group, the amount of cadmium accumulated in femur was more than that of the cadmium group. These amounts of cadmium accumulated showed an increasing trend. 3. The lead amount in bone tissue of the combined injection group presented also an increasing trend. In this case, the additive action of cadmium to the lead accumulation in bone tissue was conspicuous. 4. The amounts of calcium and phosphorus in femur showed clear a decreasing trend in the cadmium group and combined administration group. The ratio of calcium and phosphorus (ca/p) in the cadmium group was not different from that of the control group, but in the combined injection group the ratio was a little lower.

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Separation of Fe(Ⅱ) from Co(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ) Using Amberlite IRA 400 Loaded with Alizarin Red S (Alizarin Red S가 결합된 Amberlite IRA 400 에 의한 Co(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ) 중 Fe(Ⅱ)의 분리)

  • Cha, Ki Won;Park, Chan Il;Kang, Ji Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.172-176
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    • 1998
  • An anion exchange resin which has Alizarin Red S (ARS) as functional group was prepared by batch method. The resin is stable in acidic solutions below 0.5 M hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid and adsorption capacity of Fe(Ⅱ) ion on the resin was larger than other metal ions. The preconcentration and the separation of Fe(Ⅱ) ion from the mixture solution were carried out with the pH 4.5 buffer solution and 0.1 M $HNO_{3}$ as eluents.

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A Study on Contents of Heavy Metal in Water, Soil, Rice and Urine of inhabitants Along the KUM River (금강 유역의 수중, 토양, 쌀 및 주민의 뇨중 중금속 함량에 관한 연구)

  • 이종섭;유일수
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.69-75
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    • 1992
  • Authors investigated the heavy metals in water, soil, rice and Urine of residents along the KUM river. Sample were analyzed by Varian Atomic absorption Spectrophotometer. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The Contents of cadmium and Lead in water were in the range of 0~2.15$\mu$g/l, 0~4.29$\mu$g/l, respectively. 2. The Contents of heavy metals in soil were in the range of 0.32~0.91mg/kg, 5.59~21.55mg/kg for Cd, Pb respectively. 3. Those in rice were in the range of 0.025~0.062mg/kg for Cd, Pb respectively. 4. The mean of Lead and Cadmium Concentration in Urine of residents of Munju Ri were 28.63$\mu$g/l and 1.66$\mu$g/l respectively, Those was also the highest level among the investigated group.

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Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Bacteria with Plant Growth Promoting Activity and Biocontrol Potential from Wild Pistachio Trees

  • Etminani, Faegheh;Harighi, Behrouz
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.208-217
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    • 2018
  • In this study, samples were collected from the leaves and stems of healthy wild Pistachio trees (Pistacia atlantica L.) from various locations of Baneh and Marivan regions, Iran. In total, 61 endophytic bacteria were isolated and grouped according to phenotypic properties. Ten selected isolates from each group were further identified by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Based on the results, isolates were identified as bacteria belonging to Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus, Pantoea and Serratia genus. The ability of these isolates was evaluated to phytohormone production such as auxin and gibberellin, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, atmospheric nitrogen fixation, protease and hydrogen cyanide production. All strains were able to produce the plant growth hormone auxin and gibberellin in different amounts. The majority of strains were able to solubilize phosphate. The results of atmospheric nitrogen fixation ability, protease and siderophore production were varied among strains. Only Ba66 could produce a low amount of hydrogen cyanide. The results of biocontrol assay showed that Pb78 and Sp15 strains had the highest and lowest inhibition effects on bacterial plant pathogens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Pss20 and Pseudomonas tolaasii Pt18 under in vitro condition. Pb3, Pb24 and Pb71 strains significantly promote root formation on carrot slices. To our knowledge this is the first report of the isolation of endophytic bacterial strains belonging to Pantoea, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Serratia and Stenotrophomonas genus from wild pistachio trees with plant growth promoting potential and biocontrol activity.

A Study of Selective Absorption of Metal Ions by Chelating Agent-Loaded Anion Exchange Resins (킬레이트 시약으로 처리한 음이온 교환수지에 의한 금속이온의 선택적 흡착에 관한 연구)

  • Lee Dai Woon;Lee, Won;Yu Euy Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.141-151
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    • 1979
  • The selective absorption of metal ions by chelating agent-loaded resins was studied in aqueous media. The resins were prepared by loading the conventional anion exchange resin, Dowex 1-X8 (50 to 100 mesh) with chelating agents containing sulfonic group, such as 8-hydroxy-quinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQS) and 7-nitroso-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (NHQS). The stability of the resin was markedly influenced by the following factors; (1) the affinity and concentration of anions in the external solution, (2) the pH of the media. The optimum conditions for the absorption of metal ions were determined with respect to the pH, shaking time, and the effect of anion concentration in the medium. Under the optimum condition the order of the absorption of metal ions such as Fe(Ⅲ), Cu(Ⅱ), Pb(Ⅱ), and Zn(Ⅱ) was in accord with that of the stability constants of the chelates. The total capacities of the resins were found in the range of 0.6∼1.6 mmole metal per gram.

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Risk assessment of heavy metals in tuna from Japanese restaurants in the Republic of Korea

  • Seong-Jin Bae;Kyu-Sik Shin;Chulyong Park;Kiook Baek;So-Young Son;Joon Sakong
    • Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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    • v.35
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    • pp.3.1-3.11
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    • 2023
  • Background: Studies on the risk of mercury (Hg) in Korean fishery products focus primarily on total Hg levels as opposed to methylmercury (MeHg) levels. None of the few studies on MeHg in tuna investigated tuna from Japanese restaurants. Few have evaluated lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in tuna. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a risk assessment by evaluating heavy metal concentrations in tuna from Japanese restaurants. Methods: Thirty-one tuna samples were collected from Japanese restaurants in the Republic of Korea. They were classified according to region and species. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples was analyzed using the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Food Code method. The rate of exceedance of maximum residue levels (MRLs) and the risk compared to the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) set by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives (%PTWI) were evaluated for risk assessment. Results: The mean of MeHg, Pb, Cd and As concentrations were 0.56 ± 1.47 mg/kg, 33.95 ± 3.74 ㎍/kg, 14.25 ± 2.19 ㎍/kg and 1.46 ± 1.89 mg/kg, respectively. No sample exceeded the MRLs of Pb and Cd, but 9.7% of the samples exceeded the MRL of MeHg. The %PTWIs of MeHg, Pb, Cd and As were 4.2037, 0.0162, 0.0244 and 1.1627, respectively. The %PTWI of MeHg by age group and sex was highest among men aged 19-29 years (10.6494), followed by men aged 30-49 years (7.2458) and women aged 19-29 years (4.8307). Conclusions: We found that 3 out of 31 samples exceeded the MRL of MeHg. The %PTWI of MeHg showed significant differences based on age and sex, and the value was likely to exceed a safe level depending on individuals' eating behaviors. Therefore, improved risk management for MeHg is required.

Stabilization of Heavy Metals in Glasses Containing EAF Dust (전기로 분진이 첨가된 유리의 중금속 안정화 특성)

  • Eun, Hee-Tai;Kang, Seung-Gu;Kim, Yoo-Taek;Lee, Gi-Kang;Kim, Jung-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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    • v.41 no.11
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    • pp.851-857
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    • 2004
  • The stabilizing characteristics of heavy metals in the silicate glass (SD), borosilicate glass (BD), and leadsilicate glass (PD) containing Electric Arc furnace (EAF) dust were studied by the Toxic Characterization Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test. Also, the dependence of the amount of EAF dust upon structural changes of SD, BD, and PD glasses and the TCLP results were investigated by the XRD and FT-IR spectroscopy. In the XRD results, all of SD, BD, and PD specimens containing dust up to 30 wt% were amorphous without crystallizing. In the TCLP test, the concentration of heavy metals leached from the glasses increased with the amount of EAF dust added. The SD specimen series showed the lowest heavy metal leaching and the heavy metal leachate of the PD specimens were lower than those of the BD specimens. But, the Pb leaching from the PD specimens was the highest in the PD glass composition due to the high Pb content. The value of oxygen/network former ratio could be used to compare the chemical durability within the same glass series, but not proper to do between the different glass series. Adding the EAF dust to the SD mother glass, decreased the Si-O-Si symmetry and increased the non-bridging oxygen, which weakened the structure and decreased the chemical durability of glasses. In the BD series glasses, the addition of EAF dust caused the structural changes from tetra-borate group to di-borate group and the formation of the 2-dimensional layer structure of pyre- and ortho- borate, which decreased the chemical durability of glasses. It is concluded that SD series glass among the 3 kinds of glasses is the most effective to stabilize the heavy metals of EAF dust.

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Age and Geochemistry of Igneous Rocks in the Ssangyong and Yongchu Valleys and Mungyeong Saejae Geosites, Mungyeong Geopark (문경지질공원 쌍룡계곡, 용추계곡, 문경새재 지질명소 화성암류의 SHRIMP 저어콘 U-Pb 연령과 지구화학)

  • Wonseok Cheong;Yoonsup Kim;Giun Han;Taehwan Kim
    • Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.73-94
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    • 2023
  • We carried out the sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) zircon U-Pb age dating and whole-rock geochemical analysis of granitoids and felsic porphyries in the Ssangyong Valley, Yongchu Valley, and Mungyeong Saejae geosites in the Mungyeong Geopark. The igneous rocks crop out in the western, northwestern and central parts of the Mungyeong city area, respectively, and intruded (meta)sedimentary successions of the Ogcheon Metamorphic Belt, Cambro-Ordovician Mungyeong Group and Jurrasic Daedong Group. The U-Pb isotopic compositions of zircon from two felsic porphyries and one granite samples in the Ssanyeong Valley yielded the Cretaceous intrusion ages of 93.9±3.3 Ma (tσ), 95.1±4.0 Ma (tσ) and 94.4±2.0 Ma (tσ), respectively. On the other hand, a felsic dike sample and a granite in the Yongchu Valley and a porphyritic granite in the Mungyeong Saejae had intrusion ages of 90.2±2.0 Ma (tσ), 91.0±3.0 Ma (tσ) and 88.6±1.5 Ma (tσ), respectively. Based on the average standard error calculated in combination with results of previous studies in this area (Lee et al., 2010; Yi et al., 2014; Aum et al., 2019), the geochronological results show that spatial variation in intrusion age of ~5 Myr between the Ssangyong (94.5±0.2 Ma) and Yongchu Valleys (89.7±0.4 Ma) is apparent. The geochemical compositions of major and trace elements in the samples showed an affinity of typical post-orogenic granite, indicating their petrogenesis during the late stage of Early Cretaceous magmatic activity possibly in association with subduction events of the Izanagi Plate.

Study on the lead exposure of workers in a litharge making industry (모 일산화 연 제조 업체 근로자들의 연 폭로에 관한 연구)

  • Lim, Sang-Bok;Lim, Jung-Kyu;Lee, Sung-Soo;Ahn, Kyu-Dong;Lee, Byung-Kook
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.28 no.4 s.51
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    • pp.875-884
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    • 1995
  • In order to investigate the level of lead exposure of workers in litharge making industry and to evaluate how lead exposure, personal habit such as smoking and drinking affect the prevalence of lead related symptoms and other study variables, we investigate 114 workers(24 office workers and 90 lead exposed workers) in a litharge making industry. Study variables chosen were blood lead(PbB), zinc protoporphyrin in whole blood(ZPP), Hemoglobin(Hb), hematocrit (Hct), SGOT and SGPT symptom questionnaires which had 15 lead exposure related symptoms were provided to all workers and filled up by themselves and reconfirmed by physician. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The mean value of PbB, ZPP and SGOT in lead exposed group were higher than those of non-exposed group, and there were no differences of means in other study variables. 2. The smoking and drinking rate of study subjects were 65.8% and 71.0% as a whole. Smoking rates were lower in non-exposed group than exposed group, but drinking rate were not. 3. There were no differences of mean values of study variables between smoker and non-smoker in non-exposed and exposed group, but there was a difference of mean value of SGOT between drinker and lion-drinker in lead exposed group. 4. While the symptom prevalence of lead exposed group were higher in neuromuscular category than non-exposed group, those of non-exposed group were higher or same with exposed group in gastrointestinal and general symptom category. 5. The symptom prevalence of smoker were higher than non-smoker regardless of exposure. 6. The symptom prevalence of drinker were only higher in gastrointestinal symptom category than non-drinker. 7. In multiple stepwise regression analysis of lead related symptoms as dependent variable and blood lead, smoking habit, drinking habit and work duration as independent variables, drinking habit contributed to the gastrointestinal symptom category, whereas blood lead and smoking contributed to the neuromuscular symptom category. For the total symptoms work duration and smoking habit contributed significantly.

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