• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.136-150
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• 2017

This study analyzed the spatial change of urban green spaces in Daegu from 1989 to 2009 using cell based spatial metrics. To do so, the conversion process of land covers during the past 20 years was explored using a land cover change detection matrix. The synoptic analysis with a moving window sampling strategy was conducted to quantify cell based spatial metrics related to size, shape, cohesion, and diversity and to explain the spatial change at the local level. Difference maps were then generated by subtracting the 1989 maps of spatial metrics from the 1998 maps and the 1998 maps from the 2009 maps. The gradient analysis was performed to identify the directional change of spatial metrics along an urban development axis in Daegu. The results from this study show that urban green spaces in Daegu during the past 20 years have been gradually fragmented around the new town housing development districts such as Dalseong-gun, Seongseo, and Ansim. Forests were most prominently fragmented in the Hwawon area while most rapidly in the Chilgok area. Grasslands were largely fragmented in many areas due to the decrease in size and cohesion indices and most fragmented in the Ansim area. The spatial pattern of the decreased and fragmented urban green spaces identified by this study can be used as a base data for establishing the environment-friendly urban development strategy in Daegu.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2010

The objective of the research is to analyze changing trend of water discharge in precipitation, according to changing land use, through an environment-friendly urban development method called LID. The study chose S1 basin (Separated Sewer districts) in Cheongju region for survey. Among LID methods, relatively more applicable methods of green rooftop space and parking lot with permeable material were selected to construct plausible scenarios. Curve Number (CN) value was calculated due to land use patterns in each scenario, and SWMM model simulation were conducted during 2008 for comparative analysis. For Case 1, only parking lot with permeable material was applied to the scenario. Green rooftop space I and II were applied to Case 2 and 3 respectively. For Case 4 and 5, green rooftop space I and II were applied, in addition to parking lot with permeable material, Calculation of CN value showed that for S1 basin, the value was 88.1 (prior to scenario application), 86.5 (Case 1), 81.9 (Case 2), 68.5 (Case 3), 80.4 (Case 4) and 67.2 (Case 5). Changing pattern of rain water discharge was analyzed for each scenario. For Case 1, the change was not remarkable before and after application of scenario. In Case 2 and 4, the impact of rain water discharge as source of pollutant fell to 20~30%. The rate dropped to 30~50% in Case 3 and 5 respectively. The result demonstrates that the amount of rain water discharge, amount and frequency of sewer overflow, frequency of rain water discharge, and pollution load decreased in accordance with declining CN value in each scenario. In installing green rooftop space, the effect was twice greater when rain water discharge was directly infiltrated into soil.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.71-85
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• 2013

This paper examines the impact of urban space structure on real estate markets, especially on commercial real estate markets. Based on a large scale of GIS dataset, volumes of each land use type are examined. This vast dataset enables 3-dimensional analysis of land use in the entire Seoul area, overcoming the limits of previous research relying on simple 2-dimensional analysis. After then, the Herfindahl index is used to calculate the level of mixed-uses. It analyzes whether a building price is influenced by circumjacent commercial buildings and its residential development pattern. The regression outcomes verify that a nearby area's development patterns make an impact on an office building price. It shows the possibility that a new-urbanism's argument can be actualized.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.554-559
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• 2016

Cheongju has been a continuously expanding city due to housing development and new town construction since the 1980s. With time, many urban problems have arisen, such as commercial decline, and degradation of the residential environment in inner city. To revitalize the inner city, this study proposed some planning strategies through the linkage of separated urban regeneration projects maximizing its effectiveness. Therefore, firstly, this study selected the target area in the inner city and identified the cause of the declination and deterioration pattern. Secondly, the main issues were derived by reviewing the locational characteristics and the potential of the target area. Finally, four strategies and detailed projects were suggested for the target area for revitalization of the inner city. Although the effectiveness cannot yet be verified due to its under realization, the results derived from the citizen's participation are having a very important impact and they can be a useful reference for similar planning.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2009

Greenbelts were designated by the Korean government in 1971 in 14 large cities to prevent uncontrolled urban expansion. Recently, deregulation of the greenbelt system has resulted in further development, but the ecological role of greenbelts has not been fully considered when decisions about urban management are being made. We examined the ecological roles of the greenbelt system in the Seoul metropolitan area and prepared sustainable management and improvement plans based on our analysis of landscape characteristics using satellite images covering a ${\sim}30$-year period. The loss of forest cover during this period in the greenbelt areas was lower than that in the areas outside and inside of the greenbelt. Fragmentation of forest cover was correlated with the pattern of loss of forest cover. The NDVI of the greenbelt remained steady at 90% of that in outside of the GB for three decades. This suggests that the greenbelt system has performed its primary roles well. However, the remaining green space was not adequate to provide a sink for air pollutants even when the greenbelt area was included. We discuss how the negative effects of urbanization can be reduced through sustainable management and restoration to promote ecological functioning in greenbelts and urban landscapes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.779-787
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• 2021

This study analyzes structural landscape changes over a time-series for a small and medium-sized city, Gangneung-Si, based on area and distribution patterns, and according to the type of land cover. Among the types of land cover, the area ratio of urbanized areas increased by 2.02% in the late 2010s as compared to the late 1980s, while there was a decrease of 2.69% in farmland and 0.69% in grassland areas. On analyzing the changes in land cover use by applying the Fragstats program, it was confirmed that landscape changes in urban and management areas were relatively severe according to the Landscape Shape Index, Largest Patch Index, and Aggregation Index. A pattern of concentrated expansion was also found around certain areas. In particular, from the analysis, it was established that the proportion of urbanized area had considerably increased and that the extent of farmland damage to management areas, including planned management areas, was large. Additionally, the Total Core Area generally indicated a reduction in the core areas of farmland and forest within urban and management areas. A medium-sized city showed significant changes besides large cities in terms of landscape structure. The developmental pressure on management areas, in particular, was quite high.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.64 no.6
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• pp.803-817
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• 2017

Structural health monitoring has increasingly been a focus within the civil engineering research community over the last few decades. With increasing application of sensor networks in large structures and infrastructure systems, effective use and development of robust algorithms to analyze large volumes of data and to extract the desired features has become a challenging problem. In this paper, we grasp some precautions and key points of the signal processing approach, wavelet, establish a relative reliable framework, and analyze three problems that require attention when applying wavelet based damage detection approach. The cases studies how to use optimal scales for extracting mode shapes and modal curvatures in a reinforced concrete beam and how to effectively identify damages using maximum curves of wavelet coefficient differences. Moreover, how to make a recognition based on the wavelet multi-resolution analysis, wavelet packet energy, and fuzzy sets is a meaningful topic that has been addressed in this work. The relative systematic work that compasses algorithms, structures and evaluation paves a way to a framework regarding effective structural health monitoring, orientation, decision and action.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

Urban streams have, recently, been straightened and widened to alleviate flooding problem. As a result, the stream have been modified inadvertently for ecological functions and microtopography. In this study, we investigated riparian vegetation and microtopography of the tributaries of Han River before and after the monsoon rain in summer. The purpose of this study was to relate the stream microtopography to the distribution of riparian vegetation. The stream microtopography was investigated for its scale and pattern. Vegetation was investigated from 131 plots by Braun-Blanquet method. The distribution of riparian vegetation was significantly correlated with the stream microtopography. Various herbaceous species occurred at stream bank slop, high terrace and channel side. However, at channel side and concave part of terrace where soils were in high moisture level, only a few wetland species were dominated. The complexity of the microtopography in the stream corridors led to heterogeneous riparian vegetation. The vegetation showed more stability against flooding at the stream corridors with natural and complex microtopography than at the urban-type stream corridors with simple topographical features. The results showed that the development of riparian vegetation was influenced by the changes in microtopography, which was primarily determined by the shape and characteristics of channel. It seemed that a close-to-nature river system would be restored more readily with an understanding of microtopographical features affecting the distribution of riparian vegetation.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.65-73
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• 1980

The purpose of this study is ti find out a desirable way to stability and improvement of household economy by studying the changes of consumption level and consumption pattern of urban salary and wage earners' households during the years from 1970 to 1978. For this study, "Annual Report on the Family Income and Expenditure survey" (Published by the Bureau of Statistics, Economics Planning Board) has been used as basic material, and the methods of analysis used here are the time series analysis. We have gained the results as follows: 1) From 1970 to 198, the total income level increased at the rate of 416.2% in nominal price, but only 74.4% in reql price, while the total expenditure level showed 338.5% increase in nominal price, but its real increased proved only 418.2% in consideration of inflation. APC decreased from 95.1%(in 1970) to 80.7%(in 1978). 2) As for the expenditure pattern for the above mentioned nine years, the rate of food expenditure increased until 1975 under the price influence, but it trended to decease there after on . The rate of housing expenditure showed a gradual increase while that of fuel and light expenditure was on the decrease. The rate of clothing expenditure had been on the decease until 1974 but it began to increase gradually thereafter on. The trend of miscellaneous expenditures was irregularly up and down, educational expences being the first rank among them, Non-living expenditure had been constant until 1974 but it decreased a little after that. From the results it was found that the consumption level of the salary and wage earners' household in all cities from 1970 to 1978 was not practically improved because of rise in prices, nor was the Engel's coefficient and the rate of miscellaneous expenditure changed distinctively. However, as the successive decrease of APC suggests the possibility of economic development, we must try to put stress on economy in consumption and on encouraging. This will help run our household economy in safety and stability.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-34
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• 1983

A phenomenon in the unplanned urban sprawl of Cheong-ju city has to be rest-rained from disposing and to develop, though progress in urbanization inevitably decreases rural area. So, this thesis aims at reviewing, revising and guiding toward the more effective land use planning practice and zoning mechanism and system of Cheong-ju city. I proposed that land use planning should be had several factors and thereupon that Korean zoning mechanism and system including Building Code should be amended because of inducing human activities in buildings and facilities not to demarcate and plan every one of them. First, the factors of urban planning are a rather diversified approach to it than a unified, supplementation of the applicable difference in time between preparing and appling it, a solid controlling system, a micro and macro planning theory and giving serious consideration for the inertia from the existing land use. Second, the applicable amendments for our zoning mechanism including Eluding Code are as follows; a need of reorganization for Zoning Ordinance appricated to different regulation concerning a scale and peculiarity of a oily, a decision of the different earmarked confinement in area to different zone ana from Zoning Ordinance in City Planning Law, a demarcated facilities and the more detailed land use concerning human activies than the exsisting and entrusting decision on the ways and processes of it to every rural city planning committee, a settlement of zone ana area considering for block-unit and Planned Unit Development(P. U. D.), and a need of security jurisprudence in order to solve the zoning regulation rather in City Planning Law than in Building Code that our zoning regulation and controlling system are depended on. According to these applicable amendments to Cheong-ju city, I proposed the conceptions of Cheong-ju city land use planning are as follows; a reinforcement with one cored pattern of urban land use, a selection of gradual urban sprawl by way of city development and renewal, a strengthening accessibility to the core of the city with Plurizing the system of arterial roads, a choice of priority to conservation at the core of tile city and security of open spaces and parking area at the area of the city, a harmonization between development and conservation at the inner ring area that is situated between the core and periphery reserved area in order to develop in the future, a buffered open space situated at the congested area with heterogenous functions, and a completion of urban open space system. The proposal made here so far is for the hope of the better structure of Cheong-ju city that should be granted to the peculiarity developed with educational, cultural, conservative and self-sufficient city functions.