• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.62-66
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• 2015

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol using corifollitropin alfa in women undergoing assisted reproduction. Methods: Six hundred and eighty-six in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were analyzed. In 113 cycles, folliculogenesis was induced with corifollitropin alfa and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH), and premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges were prevented with a GnRH antagonist. In the control group (573 cycles), premature LH surges were prevented with GnRH agonist injection from the midluteal phase of the preceding cycle, and ovarian stimulation was started with rFSH. The treatment duration, quality of oocytes and embryos, number of embryo transfer (ET) cancelled cycles, risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), and the chemical pregnancy rate were evaluated in the two ovarian stimulation protocols. Results: There were no significant differences in age and infertility factors between treatment groups. The treatment duration was shorter in the corifollitropin alfa group than in the control group. Although not statistically significant, the mean numbers of matured (86.8% vs. 85.1%) and fertilized oocytes (84.2% vs. 83.1%), good embryos (62.4% vs. 60.3%), and chemical pregnancy rates (47.2% vs. 46.8%) were slightly higher in the corifollitropin alfa group than in the control group. In contrast, rates of ET cancelled cycles and the OHSS risk were slightly lower in the corifollitropin alfa group (6.2% and 2.7%) than in the control group (8.2% and 3.5%), although these differences were also not statistically significant. Conclusion: Although no significant differences were observed, the use of corifollitropin alfa seems to offer some advantages to patients because of its short treatment duration, safety, lower ET cancellation rate and reduced risk of OHSS.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2010

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) for treating early gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 11 consecutive patients who underwent TLTG after being diagnosed with early gastric cancer at Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea from February 2005 to September 2009 were retrospectively reviewed and their clinicopathologic characteristics and the surgical results wereinvestigated. Results: The mean operation time was $385.6{\pm}94.1$ minutes, the mean time for creating an intracorporeal anastomosis was $97.5{\pm}60.0$ minutes and the mean number of the harvested lymph nodes was $46.6{\pm}15.4$ The mean number of days after operation until starting a liquid diet was the $6.1{\pm}7.6^{th}$ postoperative day and the mean hospital stay after surgery was $14.2{\pm}11.9$ days. There was no case of open conversion, but there were 2 cases of intraoperative complication and 3 cases of postoperative complication. There was one case of postoperative mortality. The patient suffered from thrombocytopenia of an unknown cause, which was refractory to platelet transfusion, on $4^{th}$ postoperative day and the patient died of intraabdominal bleeding on the $6^{th}$ postoperative day. Conclusion: TLTG was a technically feasible and relatively safe procedure. However, a long time for creating the intracoproeal anastomosis and a long operation time are still problems to be solved.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.239-254
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• 2006

The 3rd Japan-Korea Workshop on Acupuncture and EBM was held at Kanazawa on June $16^{th}$. From Korea team, 4 papers were presented. Dr. Hahn introduced a new approach of data analysis on series of n-of-1 trials using the Bayesian statistics. It offered important information for the future n-of-1 trials. Dr. Park clearly demonstrated the significance of various sham devices proposed and stressed the importance of research questions when we choose the control intervention in RCT. Dr. Lee reported the results of survey in Korean Medical Doctors (KMD) for their point selection and techniques to the distal and local points. Dr. Kim presented the results of face to face survey on the KMD with 28 items for acupuncture treatment on the knee OA. Finally, a draft of protocol was introduced by Dr. Kim. The title was "multi-center, a randomized, single blinded, two arms, parallel-group study to compare the effectiveness and safety of 'individualized acupuncture' and 'standardized minimal acupuncture' in Korean and Japanese patients with knee osteoarthritis (Phase IV)". From Japan team, 7 speakers presented their comments and proposals on the protocol. Dr. Takahashi introduced several issues regarding n-of-1 trials and pointed out the importance of obtaining generalizability from n-of-1 trials. Dr. Shichidou pointed the importance of research design, selection of outcome measures and reduction of biases. Dr. Itoh presented the results of point selection for the knee OA based on the literature survey. Dr. Sumiya introduced several differences between KMD and Japanese acupuncturists based on the questionnaire used in KMD survey. Dr. Furuya demonstrated a result of press tack needle and its sham device on shoulder stiffness. Dr. Yamashita introduced the results of literature survey regarding adverse events occurred by acupuncture on knee OA. Dr.Tsukayama stressed the importance of responsibility of Institutional Review Board (IRB) for the conduction of clinical trials. After several issues were discussed, the need of continued meeting for final protocol development was agreed, then the workshop was closed.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.121-134
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• 2001

The purpose of this study were to analyze the home care services and to evaluate the client's satisfaction with the home care services provided by home care service center in the C hospital. The data were collected by reviewing charts of 128 home care clients who were receiving home care services at C hospital from October 1997 to September 2000. The subjects for satisfaction of home care service were 20 clients from July 10 to September 30, 2000. The tool for measurement of present condition of home care service was developed by the researchers. The satisfactions of the home care services were measured by using the instrument developed by Im(997). The data were analyzed by using the SPSS/PC+. The results of this study were as followings : 1. Majority of the subjects was female(61.7%). The average of age was 63.5 years. The service has been used mostly by the elderly 60 years of age or older(71.1%). The economic level of most of subjects was in middle class(94.5%). 2. Majority of the subject had a cancer(55.4%), following stroke(25.0%). The average duration of disease for the subjects was 31 months. The average time of hospitalization for the subjects was 3.3 times. The duration of hospitalization was 10$\sim$30 days(26.6%), 30$\sim$60 days(23.4%) and above of the 210 days(9.4%). 3. Most of the subjects used his/her doctor (47.7%), as a consultant, following his/her nurse (28.1%), other patients or their family (21.9%). Most of reasons for a consultation were supportive management(Infusion or medication, 60.94%), following tube management(L-tube or T-tube, 25%), Foley catheter management (15.63%) etc. 4. 28 types of nursing diagnoses were used by the home care service. The nursing diagnosis altered nutrition: less than body requirement were used mostly by the home care service, following risk for infection, impaired skin integrity, impaired swallowing, ineffective airway clearance altered comfort: pain, impaired physical mobility. By the human-response pattern, exchanging(63.2%), moving(7.5%), feeling(10.4%), knowing(5.2%), communicating (2.6%), relating(0.5%) perceiving(0.4%) and choosing(0.3%). There were 42 nursing intervention types were performed by the home care service. By the NIC(nursing intervention classification. McCloskey. Bulech. 1996). physiologic: complex (30.3%) was the most, safety(28.3%), behavioral(20.0%), physiologic: basic(10.8%) and health system(1.7%). Observation or assessment was the most nursing intervention performed by the home care service. following IV infusion. vital sign observation. infusion management and fluid-electrolyte balance management. 5. The level of client's satisfaction with provided home care services showed considerably high(2.67/ 3).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2004

Background: Some clinical trials have reported that a new analgesic combination of tramadol and acetaminophen provides good efficacy in various pain models. For the more clinical uses of this agent, comparisons about the onset of analgesia and analgesic efficacy in the acute state of pain with the other drugs known as strong analgesics were needed. Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the times to onset of analgesia and the other analgesic efficacy of 75 mg tramadol/650 mg acetaminophen and 20 mg codeine/500 mg acetaminophen/400 mg ibuprofen in the treatment of acute pain after oral surgery. Patients and Methods: Using a randomized, single-dose, parallel-group, single-center, and active-controlled test design, this clinical study compared the times to onset of analgesia using a two-stopwatch technique and the other analgesic efficacy of the single-dose tramadol/acetaminophen and codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen. These were assessed in 128 healthy subjects with pain from oral surgical procedures involving extraction of one or more impacted third molars requiring bone removal. From the time of pain development, the times to onset of perceptible and meaningful pain relief, pain intensity, pain relief, an overall assessment, and adverse events of the study medications were recorded for 6 hours. Results: The demographic distribution and baseline pain data in the two groups were statistically similar. The median times to onset of perceptible pain relief were 21.0 and 24.4 minutes in the tramadol/acetaminophen and codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen groups respectively and those to onset of meaningful pain relief were 56.4 and 57.3 minutes, which were statistically similar. The other efficacy variables such as mean total pain relief (TOTPAR) and the sum of pain intensity differences (SPID) were also similar in the early period after pain development and drug dosing. The safety of tramadol/acetaminophen was well tolerated and very comparable to that of codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen. Conclusions: In this acute dental pain model, the onset of analgesia and analgesic efficacy of tramadol/acetaminophen was comparable to that of codeine/acetaminophen/ibuprofen. These results showed that tramadol/acetaminophen was recommendable for fast and effective treatment in the management of postoperative acute pain.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.382-396
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the efficacy and safety of carbonate apatite (CO₃Ap) granules in 2-stage sinus floor augmentation through the radiographic and histomorphometric assessment of bone biopsy specimens. Methods: Two-stage sinus floor augmentation was performed on 13 patients with a total of 17 implants. Radiographic assessment using panoramic radiographs was performed immediately after augmentation and was also performed 2 additional times, at 7±2 months and 18±2 months post-augmentation, respectively. Bone biopsy specimens taken from planned implant placement sites underwent micro-computed tomography, after which histological sections were prepared. Results: Postoperative healing of the sinus floor augmentation was uneventful in all cases. The mean preoperative residual bone height was 3.5±1.3 mm, and this was increased to 13.3±1.7 mm by augmentation with the CO₃Ap granules. The mean height of the augmented site had decreased to 10.7±1.9 mm by 7±2 months after augmentation; however, implants with lengths in the range of 6.5 to 11.5 mm could still be placed. The mean height of the augmented site had decreased to 9.6±1.4 mm by 18±2 months post-augmentation. No implant failure or complications were observed. Few inflammatory cells or foreign body giant cells were observed in the bone biopsy specimens. Although there were individual differences in the amount of new bone detected, new bone was observed to be in direct contact with the CO₃Ap granules in all cases, without an intermediate layer of fibrous tissue. The amounts of bone and residual CO₃Ap were 33.8%±15.1% and 15.3%±11.9%, respectively. Conclusions: In this first demonstration, low-crystalline CO₃Ap granules showed excellent biocompatibility, and bone biopsy showed them to be replaced with bone in humans. CO₃Ap granules are a useful and safe bone substitute for two-stage sinus floor augmentation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.235-240
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to confirm the safety of the clinical application of image co - registration in steteotactic radiosurgery by evaluating the 3D positioning of magnetic resonance imaging using image co-registration. We performed a retrospective study using three-dimensional coordinate measurement of 32 patients who underwent stereotactic radiosurgery and performed magnetic resonance imaging follow-up using image co-registration. The 3 dimensional coordinate errors were $1.0443{\pm}0.5724mm$ (0.10 ~ 1.89) in anterior commissure and $1.0348{\pm}0.5473mm$ (0.36 ~ 2.24) in posterior commissure. The mean error of MR1 (3.0 T) was lower than that of MR2 (1.5 T). It is necessary to minimize the error of magnetic resonance imaging in the treatment planning using the image co - registration technique and to confirm it.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.51-78
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• 2002

A number of research groups worldwide are studying electronic implants that can be mounted on retinal optic nerve/visual cortex to restore vision of patients suffering from retinal degeneration. The implants consist of a neural interface made of biocompatible materials, one or more integrated circuits for stimuli generation, a camera, an image processor, and a telemetric channel. The realization of these classes of neural prosthetic devices is largely due to the explosive development of micro- and nano-electronics technologies in the late $20^{th}$ century and biotechnologies more recently. Animal experiments showed promise and some human experiments are in progress to indicate that recognition of images can be obtained and improved over time. We, at NBS-ERC of SNU, have started our own retinal implant project in 2000. We have selected polyimide as the biomaterial for an epi-retinal stimulator. In-vitro and in-vivo biocompatibility studies have been performed on the electrode arrays. We have obtained good affinity to retinal pigment epithelial cells and no harmful effect. The implant also showed very good stability and safety in rabbit eye for 12 weeks. We have also demonstrated that through proper stimulation of inner retina, meaning vision can be obtained.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of oriental medical treatment on aged female obese patient. Methods : We experienced an aged female obese patient. We applied herbal medication(Choweseuncheng-tang), electrolipolysis, auricular acupuncture to her from 26th, March. 2007 to 25th, May. 2007. And we examined the changes of her weight, body composition, body size, skin resistance variability, visual analogue scale of knee pain. Results : 1. Her weight decreased from 73.5kg to 71.1kg and body mass index(BMI) decreased from $29.46kg/m^2$ to $28.11kg/m^2$. 2. Body fat mass(BFM) decreased from 25.7kg to 21.6kg but body muscle mass(BMM) increased from 45.1kg to 46.7kg. 3. Waist-hip ratio(WHR) decreased from 0.96 to 0.92. 4. Basal metabolic rate(BMR) increased from 1,273kcal to 1,314kcal. 5. The circumference of upper extremity decreased 1.03cm and lower extremity decreased 1.30cm but the circumference of the muscle of upper extremity increased 0.41cm and lower extremity increased 0.63cm. 6. The circumference of chest and hip are decreased. In addition to the circumference and fat of abdomen are decreased. 7. The visual analogue scale of knee pain is improved. Conclusions : According to above results, oriental medical treatment could be used safety to aged obese patients without loss of fat free mass. The study is more required to aged obese patient from now on.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.278-283
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• 2020

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is characterized by respiratory failure of at least 10 seconds without any effort of the chest and abdomen in the absence of upper airway resistance during sleep. In this case, the patient experiences respiratory failure that does not meet the CSA diagnostic criteria and CSA symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging diffusion-weighted imaging (MRI DWI) scans revealed a lateral medullary infarction. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was applied as a primary treatment for CSA and respiratory failure. During the titration of CPAP, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and arousal index (AI) were worse than the results before its use (AHI: 42.5/hr→82.8/hr, AI: 21.7/hr→40.8h). As a result, adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) was chosen as the secondary treatment. Compared to the night-polysomnography results before the ASV treatment, the AHI improved (42.5/hr→8.6/hr). Therefore, ASV is a potential treatment for CSA and respiratory failure in these patients.