• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.88-97
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• 2012

DSOM(Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine), questionnaire for oriental medical(medicine) diagnosis is an online survey system containing 152 questions for female, 149 questions for male that asking the basic symtoms of 16 pathogenic factors(病機). The result of DSOM denotes reliability according to the level of major symptoms of each pathogenic factor. Standard level of reliability is equal to all 16 pathogenic factor basically except phlegm(痰). In case of phlegm(痰) we give different weight depending on whether the factor includes gray color under the orbit(痰飮氣) or not. To examine reliability of DSOM, statistical analysis has been done to the data of felmale 10101, male 1564 except for bad responses and stored between 1st April 2000 to 3rd June 2011. Based on the study, the conclusions were as follows. Reliability of DSOM. For female, all pathogenic factors showed over 85% confidence level except for phlegm 82.6%. For male, all pathogenic factors showed more than 90% confidence level except two factors, phlegm(痰) indicates 87.% and damp(濕) indicates 89.8%. HH rates among pathogenic factors were more than 50 points. For female, HH rates of other 14 pathogenic factors were all over 80% except for heat(熱) 78.2% and insufficiency of Yang(陽虛) 75.3%. For male HH rates of all pathogenic factors were more than 80% except HH rates of heat 78.2% and damp 77.8%. Research based on a degree of satisfaction of reliability derived from pathogenic factors with scores of HH results in for all 16 pathogenic factors showed over 85% of relatively high level of satisfaction for both sexes whose reliability standard come under 5~4 points. Comparing appearance frequency of pathogenic factors for both sexes. Male only displays higer than female in heat(熱). Whereas female were higher than male for other 15 pathogenic factors and the difference was biggest in heart(心) and least in insufficiency of Yin(陰虛). Comparing appearance frequency order of pathogenic factors for both sexes. Female outdistanced male in blood stasis(血瘀) coldness(寒) blood-deficiency(血虛) phlegm(痰), while male outdistance female in heat(熱) insufficiency of Yin(陰虛) deficiency of qi(氣虛). Male had lower average of each pathogenic factors than female except heat(熱) as well as deficiency of qi(氣虛).

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2020

Objectives: An outbreak of pathogenic Escherichia coli food poisoning in Korea was first reported in 1998. They have continued to occure since then. This study was performed to describe the long-term trend in pathogenic E. coli food poisoning occurrences in Korea and examine the relation with climate factors. Methods: Official Korean statistics on food poisoning outbreaks and meteorological data for the period 2002-2017 were used. Pearson's correlation analysis was employed to establish the relationship between outbreaks of pathogenic E. coli food poisoning and meteorological factors. The influence of meteorological factors upon the outbreaks was analyzed by regression analysis. Results: During the study period, pathogenic E. coli food poisoning ranked second for the number of outbreaks (excluding unknowns) and first for the number of cases. Average temperature, the highest and lowest temperatures, precipitation, number of days with rainfall, and humidity all had a significant correlation with monthly number of outbreaks of pathogenic E. coli food poisoning (p<0.001). It was found that the lowest and highest temperatures and precipitation had a significant influence on the monthly number of outbreaks of food poisoning (p<0.001). These variables together explained 42.1% of the total variance, with the lowest temperature having the greatest explanatory power. Conclusion: These results show that food poisoning incidences may have been influenced by climate change, especially warming. The results also suggest that pathogenic E. coli infections are now an important public health issue in Korea since it is one of the countries where climate change is occurring rapidly.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2008

Until the middle of the 20th century, exogenous febrile disease was the most common disease that threatened the human health. For a long time, oriental medicine doctors developed many ways to cure this disease by studying pathogenic factors. The phthogenic factors and treatments of exogenous febrile disease with time are as followings. "Naegyeong(內經)" : Cold pathogen. Diaphoretic therapy, purgation therapy. Hwata : Cold pathogen. Diaphoretic therapy, emetic therapy, purgation therapy. Jangjunggyeong(張仲景) : Cold pathogen. Eight principal therapeutic methods except diaphoretic therapy with pungent and cool properties. Yuhagan(劉河間) : Fire pathogen. Diaphoretic therapy with pungent and cool properties. Idongwon(李東垣) : Improper diet and overstrain. Reinforcing therapy. Ouga(吳又可) : Epidemic pathogenic factors. Diaphoretic therapy with pungent and cool properties, Heat-reducing therapy. purgation therapy Seopcheonsa(葉天士) : Warm pathogen. diaphoretic therapy, Heat-reducing therapy, expel Heat therapy, cooling the blood and eliminating stagnation of blood. Oguktong(吳鞠通) : Six pathogenic factors. Eight principal therapeutic methods including diaphoretic therapy with pungent and cool properties.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.219-239
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• 1998

In the literatual studies on the pruritic dermatoses, the results were as follows. 1. In Oriental medicine, Pruritic dermatoses is belong to the cartegory of the 'Pung- soyang(風瘙痒)', 'Pungyang(風痒)', 'Yangpung(痒風)', 'Sinyang(身痒)' etc. 2. Pruritic dermatoses is occurring idiopathically without primary lesion, marked by intense itching. 3. The pathogenic factors of Pruritic dermatoses is divided two parts. One is exo- genous pathogenic factors which including the wind-cold and wind-heat The other is endogenous pathogenic factors which including the blood-deficiency, the blood-heat, the wetness-heat of liver & gallbladder, the spleen-asthenia and impairment of the liver & kidney etc. 4. In the prescription of Pruritic dermatoses, it was used Gyejimahwanggakbantang(桂枝麻黃各半湯) in exogenous pathogenic factors, was used Danggyiyumja(當歸飮子), Sopungsan(消風散), Bangpungtongsungsan(防風通聖散), Yanghyulyunbuyum(養血潤膚飮) etc.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(제116회) 및 13회 Workshop 제3회 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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• pp.564.1-564
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• 2001

Porphyromon as endodontalis, a gram-negative anaerobic rod, is an important pathogenic organism in periapical lesionis with acute symptoms, such as pain, swelling, and suppuration in endodontic patient. Like P. gingivalis, a major pathogen of adult periodontitis, P. endodontalis is asaccharolytic and forms black-pigmented colonies on enriched blood agar plates. However, the pathogenic factors and the pathological potential of this microbe have been poorly characterized.(omitted)

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2003

The present study was performed to identify pathogenic factors of Chlamydia trachomatis, which invade the host cell membrane. We prepared monoclonal antibody against C. trachomatis and searched for pathogenic factors using this antibody, and subsequently identified the surface components of the elementary body of C. trachomatis, i.e., major outer membrane protein (MOMP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and two other surface exposure proteins. These proteins are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of host cell chlamydial infection. Additionally, to identify factors related to the host cell and C. trachomatis, we prepared C. trachomatis infected and non-infected McCoy cell extracts, and reacted these with anti-chlamydial LPS monoclonal antibody. We found that anti-chlamydial LPS monoclonal antibody reacted with a 116 kDa proteinaceous McCoy cell membrane component.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2001

서울시를 비롯한 6개 도시의 음식점과 활어를 판매하는 어시장 등에서 활어조에 사용하는 해수에 대하여 병원성 비브리오균의 분포, 이화학적특성 및 위생지표세균 등 환경인자와의 관계를 비교하였다. 시험해수에서 전염병균인 Vibrio cholerae O1은 전혀 검출되지 않았고, V. parahaemolyticus는 가장 빈번한 검출되었는데 검출율은 69.2%이었다. 그리고 V. vulnificus 및 V. cholerae non-O1 등 병원성 비브리오균이 검출된 활어조의 해수는 그렇지 않은 해수에 비하여 수온과 탁도는 높았고, 염분과 pH는 낮았으며 생균수, 대장균군 및 분변계 대장균이 휠씬 높게 검출되어 이러한 환경인자들과의 관련성이 시사되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.885-896
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• 2013

2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) has immense industrial applications. Recently, microbial fermentation has emerged as an alternative way to produce this industrially important chemical. Although 2,3-BDO is produced by several microorganisms, the Klebsiella genera has an excellent production compared with other 2,3-BDO-producing microorganisms. In order to produce 2,3-BDO on a large scale, the challenges of removing pathogenic factors from Klebsiella pneumoniae need to be addressed. K. pneumoniae produces a number of virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenesis, including lipopolysaccharides, capsules, fimbrial adhesins, etc. Removal of these pathogenic factors from 2,3-BDO-producing Klebsiella strains will result in avirulent strains for the safe, economic, and efficient production of 2,3-BDO. In this review, we summarize the current trends in 2,3-BDO production using K. pneumoniae and insights into the removal of its virulence factors for industrial applications.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2014

Background: Pattern identification is a unique diagnostic method of traditional Oriental medicine that has recently been the target of questionnaire-based research. Sasang (four-types) constitutional medicine (SCM) is a practice in traditional Korean medicine that seeks to promote objectivity in diagnostics. This paper attempts to illuminate the relationship between constitutions and the pathogenic factors of pattern identification through questionnaires completed by menopausal women about their symptoms. Methods: From March to October 2012, we examined 291 women from the general population, with ages ranging from 40 to 60 years, applying the Kupperman index, the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL), pattern identification based on the Diagnosis System of Oriental Medicine (DSOM), and SCM. We then analyzed the relationship between constitutional type and pathogenic factors. Results: No significant differences were found in the scores of either the Kupperman index or MENQOL questionnaire in relation to constitutional type. However, in a statistical analysis correlating the DSOM pathogenic factor scores (PFS) with the scores of the Kupperman index and MENQOL vasomotor subscale, heat showed a significant positive correlation with SoYang type (SY) and TaeEum type (TE), but not SoEum type (SE), while insufficiency of yin and insufficiency of yang, as well as blood deficiency, showed a significant positive correlation with the TE and SE types. Conclusion: The pathogenic factors in the menopausal symptoms of middle-aged women, specifically the prominent menopausal symptom of facial flushing, differed significantly according to constitutional type.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2021

Escherichia coli are the predominant facultative bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. Some strains of E. coli that acquire virulence factors and cause foodborne and waterborne diseases in humans are called pathogenic E. coli and can be divided into five pathotypes according to the virulence mechanism: EAEC, EHEC, EIEC, EPEC, and ETEC. Although selective media have been developed to detect E. coli, distinguishing pathogenic strains from non-pathogenic ones is difficult because of their similar biochemical properties. Therefore, it is very important to find a new and effective diagnostic method to identify pathogenic E. coli. With recent advances in molecular biology and whole genome sequencing, the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is increasing rapidly. In this review paper, we provide an overview of pathogenic E. coli and present a review on PCR detection methods that can be used to diagnose pathogenic E. coli. In addition, the possibility of real-time PCR incorporating IAC is introduced. Consequently, this review paper will contribute to solving the current challenges related to the detection of pathogenic E. coli.